| Power and Energy Management: A User-Centered System-of-Systems Engineering Approach | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 3-12 | |
| Tareq Ahram; Waldemar Karwowski; Ben Amaba; Paul Fechtelkotter | |||
| Energy is considered a resource for survival. The demand and supply of
natural resources used to generate, transmit, and consume the power make the
puzzle for the human race even more complex. Other physical elements like
water, copper wiring, electric cars, nuclear power plants, oil platforms,
consumer tablets, and buildings to name a few are attached to the energy
ecosystem adding mass confusion to a system failing to keep up with the global
changes. This paper deals with a methodology for designing a smarter power and
energy management system, following the V-cycle. It focuses on building a model
using systems modeling language (SysML). The application of systems engineering
process in power and energy is presented in this paper as well as the devices
in the systems which are going to have a software component enveloping the
digitization and proliferation of better, faster, and more effective ways of
reusing our best practices in systems engineering. This paper introduces a
system-of-systems engineering approach codified in client power management
software needed for the urgent transformation of global power systems. Keywords: Systems engineering; energy; power management | |||
| The Effects of Early Training with Automation Tools on the Air Traffic Management Strategies of Student ATCos | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 13-21 | |
| Henri Battiste; William Choi; Tannaz Mirchi; Karen Sanchez; Kim-Phuong L. Vu; Dan Chiappe; Thomas Z. Strybel | |||
| The present study examined whether early exposure of student Air Traffic
Controllers (ATCos) to NextGen automation technology in the form of integrated
Data Comm affects the degree to which they come to rely on this tool instead of
voice-based, manual tools to manage traffic. The data reported in this study
comes from 24 students who took part in one of two semesters of an ATCo
training course offered by our organization. One group received little or no
early training with integrated Data Comm, managing no aircraft (AC) that were
NextGen equipped or only 25% that were NextGen equipped in the first half of
the course. A second group managed 75% aircraft (AC) that were NextGen equipped
from the beginning of the training course. After the first half of the course,
both groups received training with at least 50% NextGen-equipped aircraft (AC).
Both groups were tested in a midterm and final exam that required them to
manage traffic in a mixed equipage scenario. We found that proficiency of the
students predicted their performance. Moreover, by the final exam, students
converged on the same strategy, preferring to issue clearances using voice
rather than Data Comm, regardless of early exposure to automation tools. This
is likely because voice communication is faster than Data Comm, and is
associated with greater efficiency of air traffic management. Keywords: Reliance on automation; ATCo communication; ATC training; NextGen | |||
| Intuitive Gestures on Multi-touch Displays for Reading Radiological Images | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 22-31 | |
| Susanne Bay; Philipp Brauner; Thomas Gossler; Martina Ziefle | |||
| Touch-based user interfaces are increasingly used in private and
professional domains. While touch interfaces have a high practicability for
general daily applications, it is a central question if touch based interfaces
also meet requirements of specific professional domains. In this paper we
explore the applicability of touch gestures for the domain of medical imaging.
We developed a set of intuitively usable gestures, applicable to different
screen sizes. The development was entirely user-centered and followed a
three-step procedure. (1) The gesture set was developed by asking novices to
propose possible gestures for different actions in medical imaging. (2) The
gesture set was implemented in a commercial medical imaging solution and (3)
evaluated by professional radiologists. The evaluation shows that the
user-centered procedure was successful: The gestures did not only work equally
well on different screen sizes, but revealed to be intuitive to use or easy to
learn. Keywords: Multi-touch; gestures; medical imaging; radiology; intuitiveness | |||
| Pathway Construction and Extension Using Natural Language Processing | | BIBA | Full-Text | 32-38 | |
| Hong-Woo Chun; Sung-Jae Jung; Mi-Nyeong Hwang; Chang-Hoo Jeong; Sa-Kwang Song; Seungwoo Lee; Sung-Pil Choi; Hanmin Jung | |||
| Construction and maintenance of signaling pathway is a time-consuming and labor-intensive task. In addition, integration of various pathways is also ineffective since several markup languages are used to express pathways. To overcome these limitation, automatic pathway construction and extension with a standard format may provide a solution. The proposed approach has constructed a gold standard corpus that describes the signaling pathways, and it has been used to training and evaluating the automatic pathway construction and extension. Moreover, a standard format to express the signaling pathways has been developed and has been used to express the previous major 10 signaling pathways. An effective visualization tool has been also developed for the standardized format as well. The visualization tool can help to construct pathways and extend the current pathways using all articles in PubMed. | |||
| Increasing Situational Awareness of Indoor Emergency Simulation Using Multilayered Ontology-Based Floor Plan Representation | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 39-45 | |
| Chaianun Damrongrat; Hideaki Kanai; Mitsuru Ikeda | |||
| Indoor emergency is a challenging research domain. It has to deal with
dynamic situations, unexpected consequence of incidents, many entities involved
such as human and building elements. Emergency simulation cannot avoid these
various and dynamic information. This research proposes a multilayer of
ontology-based floor plan representation in order to describe how the
simulation goes with these complexities. Our approach uses ontology to model a
floor plan into various perspectives e.g., AccessibilityPerspective,
ControllingPerspective. Each perspective is used to support different purposes.
For example, AccessibilityPerspective is used for way finding and navigation.
These perspectives are represented by multilayer of graphs, one perspective per
one graph. The research objective is to increase users' situational awareness
in the indoor emergency simulation. The are two main advantages in this model.
First is a capability to handle dynamic situations and consequences of
emergency using ontology and inference rules. Second is the use of multilayered
graph-based representation in describing the floor plan's situation in various
perspectives and overcoming information overload. With these advantages, users
can notice how the simulation goes, what and where have been changed in a
glance. Keywords: Multilayered floor plan representation; ontology based modeling; emergency
situation | |||
| Development of Dual Tactor Capability for a Soldier Multisensory Navigation and Communication System | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 46-55 | |
| Linda R. Elliott; Bruce J. P. Mortimer; Roger W. Cholewiak; Greg R. Mort; Gary A. Zets; Rodney Pittman | |||
| Development of new multisensory Soldier display systems requires
context-driven evaluation of technology by expert users to assure
generalizability to operations. The capture of Soldier performance demands is
particularly challenging in this regard, as many factors converge to impact
performance in actual usage. In this paper, we describe new capabilities for
tactile communications that include an authoring system, use of android-driven
displays for control and map-based information, and engineering tactors with
differing salient characteristics. This allows development of a dual-tactor
display that affords a larger variety of tactile patterns for communications,
or TActions. These innovations are integrated in a prototype system. We used
the system to present navigational signals to combat-experienced soldiers to
guide development of tactile principles and the system itself. Feedback was
positive for the concept, operational relevance, and for ease of
interpretation. Keywords: Tactile displays; Haptic displays; Soldier navigation; Soldier performance;
Multisensory displays; Intuitive displays; Salience | |||
| The Study of Surveillance around the Ship II | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 56-65 | |
| Tadasuke Furuya; Takafumi Saito | |||
| The main causes of maritime accidents are derived from insufficient
surveillance. In a narrow channel, there are a lot of opportunities which a
ship encounters other ships. Therefore, we need to pay attention to steer ships
sufficiently. In this situation, the ship watchers convey accurate information
to the ship pilots, then, ship pilots have to provide direction of steering
precisely. It is not easy to determine the surrounding circumstances and give
instructions to steer the ship in a short time. Therefore, it is needed that
the system to support surveillances which shorten the time of transmitting the
circumstances to the ship pilots. In this study, we will generate the 3D
surveillance model of acquired images with surveillance cameras which set up
for all directions on the ship and radar images, and we propose a new method to
display information around a ship. In this experiment, we have tested our
proposed system with actual images at "Shioji-maru". Keywords: information system; 3D surveillance model; lookout; RADAR; panoramic image | |||
| Developing a High-Fidelity Simulation and Training to Improve Coordination between Aerospace Specializations | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 66-75 | |
| Michael Hein; Paul Carlson; Paul Craig; Rick Moffett; Glenn Littlepage; Andrea Georgiou | |||
| This paper describes the various technological elements used to create and
support a simulated flight operations control center for the purpose of
collegiate aviation training. The simulation center also serves as a platform
to research team dynamics, educational efficacy, and individual occupational
stereotypes. The simulation facility relies on the harmonious integration of
technologies to meet operational requirements including realism, flexibility,
and capability. Keywords: aerospace; aviation; airline; operations; multi-team; training; simulation | |||
| Training Air Traffic Controller Trust in Automation within a NextGen Environment | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 76-84 | |
| Tiana M. Higham; Kim-Phuong L. Vu; Jim Miles; Thomas Z. Strybel; Vernol Battiste | |||
| To meet the increasing demands for air travel in the U.S., the NextGen
program is introducing new automation tools and changing the way that operators
in the National Airspace System perform their jobs. Air traffic controllers in
NextGen will rely on these automation tools to successfully manage aircraft in
their sector. It is important that these operators be sufficiently trained, and
that they trust the automation tools. Yet, no research has attempted to
directly train individuals to trust automation. We report on a training study
that was designed to train novice air traffic controllers to trust the
automated tools of NextGen in a radar internship course. We then evaluate how
the students' trust in automation influenced their performance, workload, and
situation awareness. Keywords: trust in automation; NextGen; training; workload; situation awareness | |||
| Augmented Reality System for Measuring and Learning Tacit Artisan Skills | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 85-91 | |
| Atsushi Hiyama; Hiroyuki Onimaru; Mariko Miyashita; Eikan Ebuchi; Masazumi Seki; Michitaka Hirose | |||
| Many traditional artworks in Japan are now facing the issue of raising
successors to conserve their culture. It usually takes decades to learn artisan
skills in conventional way. We propose a learning system using augmented
reality technology to help transferring techniques in one of the Japanese
traditional papermaking kamisuki. First, we measured the expert's motion and
extracted tacit skills. Second we examined the relation between extracted
motion and paper quality by software simulation. Finally, we developed a
projection based augmented reality system that visualizes experts' tacit skills
to learners when they train papermaking. As a result, the system helped
enabling learner to obtain techniques to improve the quality of paper in short
time period. Keywords: Augmented reality; Tacit knowledge; Physical skill training; Cultural
heritage | |||
| Estimation of the Facial Impression from Individual Facial Features for Constructing the Makeup Support System | | BIBA | Full-Text | 92-99 | |
| Ayumi Honda; Chika Oshima; Koichi Nakayama | |||
| The aim of this study was to construct a makeup support system. This system will show what kind of impression a user's face gives to other persons. Moreover, the system shows how to apply makeup, on the basis of individual facial features, to achieve the ideal impression. In the first step of the research described in this paper, we conducted an experiment in which subjects evaluated facial pictures of eight impressions. On each face, facial-feature points were extracted and used to calculate the ratio of the length and the width of parts of the face. The results of the experiment suggested that the user's impression will be changed by modifying a part of the face by the use of makeup. | |||
| User Guiding Information Supporting Application for Clinical Procedure in Traditional Medicine | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 100-109 | |
| Hyunchul Jang; Yong-Taek Oh; Anna Kim; Sang Kyun Kim | |||
| Medical diagnostic procedures generally comprise a step of collecting
patients' symptoms, a step of diagnostic decisions, and a step of selecting
appropriate methods of treatment. In traditional medical treatment based on
analogical inference, analyzing present collected symptoms and choosing
symptoms to query are mightily important for the diagnosis and these are
essential conditions for appropriate treatment. Use of information systems that
support present diversity of symptoms information and considerable options for
the next step can avoid missing out timely and useful knowledge during the
procedures. We have developed an application that having user interfaces
guiding various analytic cases and their next optional choice and clinicians
are able to improve the efficiency of procedures with this. By analyzing
semantically linked data to symptoms, the application is possible to support
efficiently collecting symptoms and selecting methods of treatment. This
interfaces help users by requiring a minimal operation but supporting diverse
probabilities. Keywords: User guiding; Decision support; Ontology; Traditional medicine; Korean
medicine | |||
| Designing and Verifying Application Schema by Applying Standard Element for Managing Ocean Observation Data | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 110-115 | |
| Sun-Tae Kim; Lee-Kyum Kim; Tae-Young Lee | |||
| There is a need to study the OWL-based application schema to ensure
interoperable data exchange between ocean-related institutions, and supporting
researcher's intelligent data search. In this study, the RDF vocabularies are
defined on the basis of the elements derived through element decision study for
managing scientific data in the field of ocean observation. The application
schema was verified by using the temperature profile data of CTD data observed
in the 'Chukchi' sea selected from the data provided by the National
Oceanographic Data Center of the US. Keywords: Scientific Data; Observation Data; Ocean Observation Data; Application
Schema; OWL Schema; Metadata | |||
| Usability of Performance Dashboards, Usefulness of Operational and Tactical Support, and Quality of Strategic Support: A Research Framework | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 116-123 | |
| Bih-Ru Lea; Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah | |||
| Performance dashboards are used as a strategic decision support tool in
organizations. In this research, we examine the relationships between the
usability of performance dashboards, the usefulness of operational and tactical
support, and the quality of strategic support that they provide. We hypothesize
that usability of performance dashboards will influence user perceptions of the
usefulness of the operational and tactical support provided by the dashboards,
which in turn influence the perceived quality of strategic support provided. Keywords: Performance Dashboards; Usability; Data Visualization; Strategic Support;
Tactical Support; Operational Support | |||
| BookAidee: Managing Evacuees from Natural Disaster by RFID Tagged Library Books | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 124-130 | |
| Markus Liuska; Emmi Makkonen; Itiro Siio | |||
| BookAidee is a system to manage people who evacuate into public school
buildings from disaster. The system identifies people by using already
implemented structure of school library books that have RFID tags. These tags
are used for connecting the person into the system database. We have
implemented the system in server and client applications and tested the
feasibility. Keywords: Natural disaster; BookAidee; Evacuees; Library; RFID | |||
| Performance Monitoring of Industrial Plant Alarm Systems by Statistical Analysis of Plant Operation Data | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 131-135 | |
| Masaru Noda | |||
| Industrial plan alarm systems form an essential part of the operator
interfaces for automatically monitoring plant state deviations and for
attracting plant operators' attention to changes that require their
intervention. To design effective plant alarm systems, it is essential to
evaluate their performances. In this paper, some performance monitoring methods
of plant alarms systems for alarm system rationalization are reviewed. Keywords: Plant Alarm System; Nuisance Alarms; Plant Operation Data; Event Correlation
Analysis | |||
| Pre-study Walkthrough with a Commercial Pilot for a Preliminary Single Pilot Operations Experiment | | BIBA | Full-Text | 136-142 | |
| Ryan O'Connor; Zach Roberts; Jason Ziccardi; Robert Koteskey; Joel Lachter; Quang Dao; Walter Johnson; Vernol Battiste; Kim-Phuong L. Vu; Thomas Z. Strybel | |||
| The number of crew members in commercial flights has decreased to two members, down from the five-member crew required 50 years ago. One question of interest is whether the crew should be reduced to one pilot. In order to determine the critical factors involved in safely transitioning to a single pilot, research must examine whether any performance deficits arise with the loss of a crew member. With a concrete understanding of the cognitive and behavioral role of a co-pilot, aeronautical technologies and procedures can be developed that make up for the removal of the second aircrew member. The current project describes a pre-study walkthrough process that can be used to help in the development of scenarios for testing future concepts and technologies for single pilot operations. Qualitative information regarding the tasks performed by the pilots can be extracted with this technique and adapted for future investigations of single pilot operations. | |||
| Migration Tolerant Human Computer Interaction for Air Traffic Controllers | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 143-152 | |
| Oliver Ohneiser; Hejar Gürlük | |||
| Human machine interfaces (HMI) in the product division of air traffic
management (ATM) are in use for long time spans. For an efficient use of HMIs
not only user centered but also migration tolerant designs are important.
Migration tolerance therefore means considering future requirements for a long
lasting controller HMI life cycle. For efficient ATM, the concept of system
wide information management (SWIM) will be introduced. This generates a large
amount of additional information that will influence controller work. In this
paper, we therefore describe a new controller role called
Information-and-Conflict-Manager (ICM) who handles the complexity induced by
SWIM. The resulting HMI design draft demonstrates how the integration of data
could be managed. ICM also supervises training to support controllers
successfully passing future flight guidance transitions. Keywords: air traffic control; flight guidance; human machine interaction; migration
tolerance; system wide information management; transition steps | |||
| Developing a Real Time Passenger Information System for Rural Areas | | BIBA | Full-Text | 153-162 | |
| Konstantinos Papangelis; Somayajulu Sripada; David Corsar; Nagendra Velaga; Peter Edwards; John D. Nelson | |||
| Passengers in rural areas are provided with little or no information regarding public transport disruptions. This can result in high levels of travel uncertainty with significant potential to affect travel behaviour. This paper, through 52 interviews, and 7 focus groups in rural areas in Scotland and England, explores the passenger experience, and the technology usage of individuals during disruption. The analysis indicates that a wide range of behavioural responses are evident, extending well beyond the choice of route or mode of transport. Further, we identify that the individual utilises various technologies (e.g. social media), and kinship networks to insulate against the effects of disruption. In addition, we present the co-design process of a set of technologies (a smartphone application and an SMS service) that aim to improve the passenger experience during disruption. This work provides an initial step towards understanding the interplay between disruption, passenger experience, and the design space for improving the passenger experience of individuals during disruption. | |||
| Development of Haptic Assistance for Route Assessment Tool of NASA NextGen Cockpit Situation Display | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 163-172 | |
| Eric Park; Jose Robles; Paul Sim; Ryan O'Connor; Martin T. Koltz; Gregory B. Armsdoff; Kim-Phuong L. Vu; Thomas Z. Strybel; Panadda Marayong | |||
| The NextGen Cockpit Situation Display (CSD), developed by NASA Ames's Flight
Deck Display Laboratory, provides advanced flight control functionalities and
traffic/weather displays to pilots [1]. Traditionally, the user operates with
the CSD using a computer mouse and receives only visual feedback about the
controlling actions. In this work, we integrate force feedback in the Route
Assessment Tools of the CSD, where the user can manage the flight plan to
resolve conflicts in real-time. A spring force, with a variable stiffness
coefficient, was used to model the force feedback with its strength varying
proportionally to the overall path length. Force display was provided as an
indicator of the effort required to deviate from the optimal path to assist the
user in decision making. The force feedback models were evaluated on a software
testbed created on Microsoft Foundation Class with the Novint Falcon
haptic-feedback input device. Keywords: Multimodal interaction; Haptic feedback; NASA NextGen Note: Best paper award | |||
| Cloud Computing and the Internet of Things: Technology Innovation in Automobile Service | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 173-180 | |
| Erwa Qin; Yoanna Long; Chenghong Zhang; Lihua Huang | |||
| Aiming to explore the transforming role of information technologies in
automobile service, this paper first introduces two major technology trends:
Cloud Computing and the Internet of Things, as well as their applications in
automobile service. After that, the paper focuses on investigating the
technology innovations in automobile service, and how the innovations transform
the traditional business. Future research directions are discussed finally. Keywords: Cloud Computing; the Internet of Things; Service Applications; Technology
Innovation; Automobile Service | |||
| Visualization of Anomaly Data Using Peculiarity Detection on Learning Vector Quantization | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 181-188 | |
| Fumiaki Saitoh; Syohei Ishizu | |||
| The purpose of this research is to develop the control chart robust for
complex multidimensional data. In this study, we propose the methodology of
anomaly data visualization and detection using hybrid model of Learning Vector
Quantization (LVQ) and Peculiarity Factor (PF). LVQ is neural network model
which uses supervised learning algorithm. It is useful to classification of
multidimensional data with nonlinearity and multi-collinearity. PF is a
criterion for evaluating peculiarity and is widely used for outlier detection.
In the proposing method, PF of input data is calculated using the weight vector
of LVQ. The anomaly data assigned to the class of the normal data was able to
be displayed as an outlier on the control chart by calculation of PF on LVQ.
The proposed model realized the robust discernment and visualization of the
anomaly data that have complex distribution by small computational complexity. Keywords: Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ); Data Visualization; Peculiarity Factor
(PF); Nonlinear Multidimensional Data; Control Limit | |||
| Train Ride Simulation Using Assist Strap Device | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 189-197 | |
| Takashi Sasaki; Koichi Hirota; Tomohiro Amemiya; Yasushi Ikei | |||
| This paper describes an approach to implementing a train ride simulation
system that is aimed at application to museum exhibits. A novel device was
developed that presents the vehicle motion to a user in the standing state
through the floor and assist strap. The prototype device has two degrees of
freedom that enable horizontal translation of the floor and the strap. Using
the device, a control algorithm to represent the lateral acceleration and
rolling was investigated. An experiment proved that the change of track
curvature presented by the algorithm can be recognized by the subject. Keywords: Train Ride Simulator; Motion Platform; Virtual Reality | |||
| A Precursory Look at Potential Interaction Objectives Affecting Flexible Robotic Cell Safety | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 198-206 | |
| April Savoy; Alister McLeod | |||
| With increased competitive challenges in the manufacturing sector, the need
for operational excellence has led to an increased presence of robotics in
factory settings. Traditionally, robotics in manufacturing has been relegated
to routine and monotonous tasks performed in isolation to ensure human safety.
Now, the advancements in robotics are encouraging a paradigm shift --
human-robot collaboration. These new robotic systems are imbued with the
ability to 1) perceive anomalies in work environments and to correct/workaround
these deficiencies, 2) adapt to changes in workload by means of reconfiguring
their layout in a facility, and 3) autonomously navigate factory floors.
Although we would like to believe that these innate abilities of
second-generation robotics allow for immediate implementation of human-robot
collaboration on factory floors, the truth is that more research is required to
ensure safety, analyze performance, and define standards. This paper explores
potential interaction objectives for human-robot communication in flexible
robotic cells. Keywords: Robotic Cell Design; Industrial Human Robot Interaction; Safety;
Human-Centered Design; Human-Robot Collaboration | |||
| An Intelligent Interactive Home Care System: An MPLS-Based Community Cloud | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 207-216 | |
| Farid Shirazi | |||
| In recent years, scholarly research on the use of new technology in
healthcare has intensified. Some of the main challenges identified in the
literature include the integration of dissimilar signaling systems, network
barriers such as bandwidth allocation, battery life in wireless devices, the
security and privacy protection associated with data transmission using public
network and the user friendliness of the systems, among others. The aim of this
paper is to address some of the above concerns by introducing a secure,
multiplatform network system capable of providing the dynamic bandwidth
allocation required for today's home healthcare services. It incorporates a
user friendly interface by introducing a unique instrument integrated with the
community cloud arrangement to provide a more robust system to address the
needs of multiple stakeholders. Keywords: Cloud Computing; MPLS; ICT; RFID; Virtualization; Smart Sensors; Network
Capable Application Processor | |||
| An Improvement of Disaster Information System for Local Residents | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 217-222 | |
| Yuichi Takahashi; Sakae Yamamoto | |||
| It has been pointed out that when people lack the information needed in the
event of a disaster, such as a disastrous earthquake, this could lead to social
chaos, including unwanted rumors and outrages, or could disrupt rescue and
relief activities. In our prior study, we established a service infrastructure
with an autonomous wireless network, aiming at providing services to collect
and deliver disaster information. The system consists of many small sub
systems. An authorized user can register information using one of the sub
systems that is working correctly. Asynchronously, they search another sub
system via wireless network, and then they communicate to each other in order
to exchange information they have. As a result, the information will be shared
within a wide area by those processes like a bucket brigade. In this study, we
improved and extended the system so that it may meet more nearly actually. Keywords: earthquake; disaster victims; distributed autonomous system; wireless
network | |||
| Improving the Flexibility of In-Vehicle Infotainment Systems by the Smart Management of GUI-Application Binding Related Information | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 223-232 | |
| Ran Zhang; Tobias Altmüller | |||
| This paper introduces an approach to build a new system application
addressing the smart management of binding related information for in-vehicle
infotainment systems. The system application is based on a client-server model
using Web technologies and provides message oriented middleware to drive
bidirectional GUI-Application communication. Additionally, it also allows
GUI-Application binding at runtime and supports the same GUI to be bound with
the applications located on different devices. The result shows that this
approach improved the reusability and the adaptability of binding related
information, and also increased the flexibility and the scalability of IVI
systems. Keywords: in-vehicle infotainment; GUI-Application binding; SOA; runtime binding;
WebSocket; middleware | |||
| Young Adult Health Promotion: Supporting Research Design with Eye-Tracking Methodologies | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 235-244 | |
| Soussan Djamasbi; E. Vance Wilson | |||
| Despite increasing mental health problems among college undergraduate
students, little work has been done to investigate factors that can improve
health promotion among this population. To address this need we designed a
research program that addresses health promotion toward young adults. In
particular, we are interested in addressing mental health and risky health
behaviors among college undergraduate students. The research reported in this
study is the result of the first basic step in our research program. Keywords: Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC); Online Persuasion; Eye-Tracking;
Fixation; Involvement; Message Source; Young Adults; Health; Online Persuasion;
Interpersonality Model | |||
| Enabling Access to Healthy Food Alternatives for Low-Income Families: The Role of Mobile Technology | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 245-251 | |
| Andrea Everard; Brian M. Jones; Scott McCoy | |||
| This research explores the barriers that marginalized citizens face with
access to healthy alternatives to the high calorie, highly-processed foods
available in most urban areas. Numerous barriers, including technology-related
ones, are identified and propositions are offered that might reduce the
negative effect of these challenges/encounters. From examining the benefit to
citizens on public assistance that results from adequate education about
healthy eating, to education on the existence of accessible healthy
alternatives, and access to inexpensive accessible food sources this study
focuses on offering possible real world solutions, both technology-related and
non-technology related, to the barriers to inclusion of economically
marginalized citizens. Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship; Farmers' Markets; Government Assistance; Technology
Barriers; Innovation | |||
| Are Prescription Labels Usable? A Review and Analysis | | BIBA | Full-Text | 252-260 | |
| Meghann Herron; Kim-Phuong L. Vu | |||
| There are approximately 400,000 adverse drug events per year in hospitalized patients which has resulted in more than $ 3.5 billion spent in subsequent recovery care. The present paper reviews the literature relating to the usability of information found on pharmaceutical labels. In particular, we examine the legibility and comprehensibility of the information provided on the labels. In addition, we highlight the differences in the physical makeup of medication that can be implemented to help users identify their medication. Finally, we provide recommendations for factors that should be examined in future research to improve the usability of pharmaceutical labels. Presently, the FDA has few standards and guidelines regarding the content and layout of a prescription label. We hope that the recommendations provided in this paper can lead to the development of standards for formatting and presenting information on prescription labels that will reduce the number of medical cases involving ingestion of the wrong medication. | |||
| A Dialog Based Speech User Interface of a Makeup Support System for Visually Impaired Persons | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 261-268 | |
| Makoto J. Hirayama; Naomi Kuraya; Yushi Komachi | |||
| A dialog based speech user interface was designed and implemented for a
cosmetic facial makeup support system for visually impaired persons. The system
helps visually impaired women to makeup her lips, eye blows, and eye shadows
using lip sticks, eye blow pencils, and eye shadows. It works as an intelligent
dressing mirror using image recognition technologies to judge her performances
and to advice corrections. To communicate between the system and users, a
dialog based speech user interface is used. Although the system is still a
prototype, it was confirmed that the system is usable and useful. Keywords: dialog based speech interface; visually impaired persons; makeup support
system | |||
| The Urgent Communication System for Deaf and Language Dysfunction People | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 269-274 | |
| Naotsune Hosono; Fumihiro Miyajima; Toshiyuki Inaba; Masaru Nishijima; Michio Suzuki; Hiroyuki Miki; Yutaka Tomita | |||
| This paper discusses the usefulness of the Urgent Communication System (UCS)
on mobile device that is originally proposed by a hearing impaired person.
Since the UCS is simple menu like pictogram sheet and the patient is simply to
point the pain portion or severe level by the finger to communicate with remote
supporters. Then the UCS is to particularly focus on the communication method
of complaint of pain/ache/grief by hearing impaired patients. The UCS is drawn
by icons and pictograms with help of minimum selected key words. Ache portions
are drawn in the two dimensions. UCS is implemented on mobile touch panels
applying nine functions above such as iPad and Android devices to make hearing
impaired or language dysfunction people communicate the remote supports in such
urgent situations through the IT clouds. Proposed UCS is evaluated by hearing
impaired people in the manner of the usability test. The results by the hearing
impaired people with UCS are that the time to collaborate is shorter for about
70%. In the interview after the evaluation, many hearing impaired people
pointed out that this service will ease their predicted mental concern at the
emergency. Keywords: Human Centred Design; Usability; Accessibility; CSCW; Touch Panel | |||
| Qualitative Study for Designing Peripheral Communication between Hospitalized Children and Their Family Members | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 275-284 | |
| Yosuke Kinoe; Chika Ojima; Yuri Sakurai | |||
| This paper describes an effort to develop a new communication supporting
environment which engenders a greater sense of social proximity among
geographically distributed families, particularly between hospitalized children
and their families. We conducted a qualitative study including two in-depth
field interviews with in-hospital school teachers and the mother of a
hospitalized child. The results from qualitative analysis provided us with
insight into the organization of the interactions between the hospitalized
child and the family. On the basis of the results, we established a set of
design principles and developed four different types of technology prototypes
for peripheral communication. The design principles played a splicing role in
binding the heterogeneous processes of qualitative research and the development
of prototypes. Future works involve the enhancement of design principles and
prototypes, and methodological improvements. Keywords: qualitative research; hospitalized children; peripheral communication;
distributed family | |||
| Development of a Chest X-ray Examination Support System for Foreigners Using a Personal Digital Assistant | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 285-290 | |
| Mitsuru Miyata; Chikamune Wada; Masahiro Iinuma | |||
| According to the report about inconvenient for foreigners, there are a lot
of problems when communicating with medical staff in the medical service.
Considering the spread of digital personal assistants and mobile phone, we
proposed a communication support system using these devices for foreigners,
which would be able to be easily used in medical service. In this paper, we
developed the communication support system for X-ray examination, especially.
From the experimental results, we concluded the effectiveness of our system
because necessary time for X-ray examination was shortened when using our
system. Keywords: Quality of life and lifestyle; X-ray examination; Communication; PDA; Mobile
phone | |||
| Development of Screening Visual Field Test Application that Use Eye Movement | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 291-300 | |
| Makoto Mizutani; Kentaro Kotani; Satoshi Suzuki; Takafumi Asao; Tetsuya Sugiyama; Mari Ueki; Shota Kojima; Maho Shibata; Tsunehiko Ikeda | |||
| The purpose of this study was to develop a screening device for the early
detection of glaucoma. We evaluated our proposal system by comparing the
results obtained by using the proposed system and Humphrey Field Analyzer
(HFA), which was commercially available visual field measurement device.
Quantitative evaluation of the proposed system and HFA visual field test
results, and calculating the correlation coefficient, we were able to obtain a
more moderate positive correlation. This study suggested that the proposed
system was potentially useful as an alternate screening device for the
detection of the early stage of glaucoma. Keywords: screening; glaucoma; eye movement | |||
| Identification of Agency through Virtual Embodied Interaction | | BIBA | Full-Text | 301-307 | |
| Takafumi Sakamoto; Yugo Takeuchi | |||
| To examine the identification of "social actors," we created an experimental environment to observe how people interpret the behavior of others. Our experimental environment, which physically provided interaction between a human and a computer, was a media system that connected two sides of the experimental environment to a computer network. In our experiment task, participants used our system to determine whether the other party was a human or a computer. In this study, we regard the attribution of agency toward the behaviors of others as a sign of agency identification. Our experiment results suggest that the human identification of "social actors" is induced by the interaction between the target entity and the subjects. | |||
| Human Support System for Elderly People in Daily Life | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 308-314 | |
| Shunji Shimizu; Hiroaki Inoue | |||
| This report proposes a new support system that allows elderly people able to
live with a sense of security without the help of other people. In this system,
by using sensors, it is possible to watch closely the condition of elderly
people from a distant public institution. Furthermore, the significant
information to maintain their physical condition is presented by this system.
Then, according to an experiment using this system, the possibility is made
clear that this system would be useful for the support of elderly people. Keywords: Elderly; Support system; Welfare technology; Remote sensing; Unwearable
sensing; Human motion | |||
| Design Approach of Simulation Exercise with Use of Device and Its Significance | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 315-324 | |
| Shigeru Wesugi | |||
| This paper addresses design approach of simulation exercise with use of tool
to encourage an able-bodied person to understand the situations of a patient
suffering from loss of perceptual function and motor function due to brain
damage from perspective of human-human communication enhancement. The author
considers that a traditional hemiplegia simulation suit provides an experience
different from actual experience that a patient has, and has focused on the
variance between bodily actions in thinking and feeling and bodily actions in
physical situation in order to generate much more realistic experience of being
a patient. This paper describes two simulation devices based on this approach:
a hemiplegic-gait simulation device and a strange-depth-feeling device, and
also discussion of the significance of such simulation exercise and the
development of user's ability to understand the situations of a patient. Keywords: communication enhancement; simulation exercise; hemiplegia patient; illusory
kinesthesia; reflex action; binocular parallax | |||
| Acceptance of Telemedical Treatments -- A Medical Professional Point of View | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 325-334 | |
| Martina Ziefle; Lars Klack; Wiktoria Wilkowska; Andreas Holzinger | |||
| The demographic change has tremendous consequences for health care
availability, with a growing mismatch between rising numbers of patients and
the declining number of care personnel. As a consequence, considerable
shortcomings in availability, accessibility, and quality of health care can be
expected. Telemedicine and telemonitoring services are promising approaches to
compensate this gap, especially for long-term monitoring, nevertheless also
within the supply chain of health care. Despite the potential, the acceptance
of telemedicine is quite low. In this paper we report on two studies focusing
on acceptance of telemedical services. First, chronically ill persons were
experimentally studied with respect to their acceptance of telemedical systems.
Second, a survey was conducted to assess medical professionals' points of view.
Findings reveal perceived benefits in the context of telemedical services,
however, also considerable barriers, especially on the medical doctors' side.
Outcomes may contribute to the development of a sensitive and transparent
communication and information strategy for stakeholders, as well as a public
awareness for the benefits and the drawbacks of telemedical services. Keywords: Telemedical treatment; telemonitoring; electronic services; medical
professional technology acceptance; biomedical engineering | |||
| NFC Provided User Friendliness for Technologically Advanced Services | | BIBA | Full-Text | 337-346 | |
| Anders Andersen; Randi Karlsen; Arne Munch-Ellingsen | |||
| This paper will discuss how an NFC enabled university campus can provide a wide range of user-friendly advanced services for its students and staff. These services combine information sources related to teaching, room reservation, social networking, proximity sensing, information collection and exchange, calendar services, event notifications, ticketing, loyalty cards, payment and more. In the ongoing NFC City Campus trial the usage of NFC enabled mobile phones, SIM cards as secure elements, and an adaptive infrastructure supporting information integration, demonstrates how NFC can contribute to the development of user friendly advanced services. | |||
| BARMOTIN- A Voice Controlled Mobile Tourism Information Network for Barbados | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 347-354 | |
| David Byer; Colin Depradine | |||
| Throughout the world, mobile devices have become one of the standard means
of communication and data access. With the rapid and continual improvement in
technology, these devices have taken on several of the roles that were once
restricted to laptops and desktop computers. One of the fastest growing areas
for mobile devices is that of GPS navigation. Work in this area has produced a
variety of navigation and information apps using GPS satellites. These apps
have become very popular in developed countries and as a result, visitors to
developing countries generally expect to gain access to some form of
information system however basic. This paper presents BARMOTIN a voice
controlled mobile tourism information system for the Caribbean island of
Barbados. Keywords: Mobile; tourism; networks; heritage; android; GPS; navigation | |||
| Usability Study of Icon Designs with Social Network Functions | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 355-362 | |
| Chien-Hsiung Chen; Wen-Hsin Hsiao; Shih-Chieh Chen; Yen-Yu Kang | |||
| The social media and related applications were developed and spread fast in
our daily lives. Many users of social network sites (SNS) would use social
network functions to communicate with their friends, such as share, like (or
dislike), check in, upload interesting information to website, etc. Research on
visible icons design in SNS user interfaces were one of the most important
direct manipulation research issues. Moreover, how the privacy setting in
different interaction model were discussed in this study. The results showed
that: (1) The well-designed icons illustrated higher concreteness, less
complexity, higher familiarity and suitable semantic distance than others; (2)
There existed higher privacy setting in personal photo content than landscape
photo content; (3) The design element used with most highest percentage was the
"man image" because the functions were related to friends' photos and popular
users' photos in the photo sharing Apps; (4) Different privacy setting
considerations were dependent on different interaction models and scenarios. Keywords: Usability Study; Icon Design; Social Network Function; Privacy Setting;
Kiosk User Interface | |||
| An Analysis of Smartphone Size Regarding Operating Performance | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 363-372 | |
| Zun-Hwa Chiang; Chia-Ching Wen; An-Che Chen; Cheng-yu Hou | |||
| An increasing number of electronic devices employ touchscreens as the
operating method. Among these devices, smartphones have exhibited the most
rapid development. To achieve more impressive visual effects, the size of
smartphone displays has gradually increased. However, the resulting
disadvantage is that these devices cannot be operated using one hand. In
situations where users must operate the phone with one hand, some screen areas
cannot be reached by their thumb. Thus, the demand for one-handed operation
remains. This demand is related to operating convenience, which is obviously
not provided by existing products. This study analyzes touchscreen cell phones
with varying screen sizes, from 2.55 to 5.3 in, currently available on the
market to examine the efficiency of one-handed operation by investigating four
operating directions, that is, diagonal, horizontal, vertical, and
center-cross. In addition, a customized application was developed to record the
operating sequences, frequencies, numbers of errors, and positions of errors to
understand the effect that display sizes have on one-handed operation.
According to the analysis results, 4-in touchscreen cell phones generated the
fewest operating errors, and 3-in touchscreen cell phones provided the shortest
operating time. To obtain optimal visual effects, the implementation of 4-in
screens for touchscreen cell phones may be the best option for one-handed
operation. Keywords: touchscreen; smartphone; interface design | |||
| Mo-Buzz: Socially-Mediated Collaborative Platform for Ubiquitous Location Based Service | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 373-382 | |
| Owen Noel Newton Fernando; Vajira Sampath Rathnayake; Santosh Vijaykumar; May O. Lwin; Schubert Foo | |||
| This paper describes a middleware platform for user-generated multimedia
contents which facilitates visualization and communication of vector-borne
diseases (dengue, malaria, etc.). It acts as a community platform, where
diverse users from geographically distributed locations can collaborate to seek
and contribute multimedia contents of such diseases and related issues
(breeding sites, etc.). Some of the essential services supported by the system
are display of live hotspots, timeline, multimedia and Twitter-feed
visualization, and location based services for both users and authorities. As a
proof-of-concept, dengue disease was selected to build services using this
platform to observe its capabilities. Keywords: Geographical information systems; information visualization; Mobile
multimedia; interactive maps; middleware; user-generated contents | |||
| Assessing the Effects of Mobile OS Design on Single-Step Navigation and Task Performance | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 383-390 | |
| Brian M. Jones; Nathan Johnson | |||
| When working on a task, mobile device users want to complete their work as
quickly and efficiently as possible. In order to accomplish this they must use
the navigational tools available on the system's interface. The importance of
control design to user success requires system designers to consider all
aspects of interface design: control tool characteristics, target audience
demographics, and even frequency of use, to name a few. This research
investigates characteristics (shape, location, and depth vs. breadth) of
navigational control tools in order to determine their impact on user
performance during common tasks on a mobile device. Cue theory predicts that
performance is enhanced when cues are provided during decision-making
situations. In the current research, controls with appropriate differentiation
are expected to provide the cues necessary for users to more quickly identify
their desired target. Keywords: mobile computing; interface design; navigational control; Cue Theory; Fitts'
Law | |||
| Security, But at What Cost? | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 391-399 | |
| Gregory D. Moody; Dezhi Wu | |||
| Research on the behavioral-based security of information systems within
organizations and for personal use has been common over the last decade,
however little is known regarding how individuals perceive the security of
their mobile devices. This study seeks to explore how the security
notifications within a mobile application environment alter adoption and
security-related beliefs concerning their device. We propose a theoretical
model based on the technology adoption and psychological theories, and propose
an experiment to test the model. Contributions and implications of the work are
then proposed. Keywords: Mobile device; mobile security; human-computer interaction; mobile
application; security notification | |||
| Tactile Vibration of Personal Digital Assistants for Conveying Feelings | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 400-410 | |
| Atsushi Nakamura; Miwa Nakanishi | |||
| At present, there are very few methods to utilize the vibration function in
personal digital assistant (PDA) devices, which are simple, but poor in
variation. These methods do not effectively use the vibration function's
potential. In our research, we aim to maximize the use of vibration function
for communication using PDA devices with the objective of adding a new value to
the PDA's vibration function. We evaluate the relationships between vibrations
and images evoked by them. From the results, we found the vibration patterns
corresponding to each eight main type of feeling words in Japanese. Keywords: Tactile vibration; PDA (personal digital assistant); communication | |||
| A New Presence Display System Using Physical Interface Running on IP-Phones | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 411-420 | |
| Takeshi Sakurada; Yoichi Hagiwara | |||
| In this paper, we describe our developed a new presence display system
running on IP-phone. And we also describe the knowledge provided by
construction and use of the before system. We thought that we run new presence
display system on touch panel display of IP-phone, then we designed and
constructed the new system. Our new system is operating since 2010. People's
presence status can be viewed through the web browser such as running on iPad.
Presence status on web browser is changed immediately when you change it on an
IP-phone. These are used Ajax technology. The presence display is easily
customizable in every section. We added the indication of the call state of the
telephone to a presence display. Thus you can go to meet a person by the timing
when a call was over. Keywords: Presence display system; IP-phone; touch panel system; network utilization | |||
| Development of a Mobile Tablet PC with Gaze-Tracking Function | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 421-429 | |
| Michiya Yamamoto; Hironobu Nakagawa; Koichi Egawa; Takashi Nagamatsu | |||
| In the near future, interfaces for personal information devices with large
touch screens that are capable of processing different types of information in
a more intuitive manner will become indispensable. In this study, we developed
"MobiGaze.PC," a system that can achieve stable gaze tracking on a mobile
tablet PC. Users can interactively acquire information using both the touch
screen and gaze tracking on a mobile device. First, we created the hardware
setup using a tablet PC, cameras, and other apparatus. Next, we developed a
method of detecting the eye area using a Purkinje image, and the position of
the center of the pupil and the Purkinje image in low resolution. We then
performed experiments to evaluate the accuracy of these methods. Finally, we
developed a number of multimodal applications of the proposed system. Keywords: gaze-tracking; mobile device | |||
| Web- and Mobile-Based Environment for Designing and Presenting Spatial Audiovisual Content | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 430-439 | |
| Mami Yamanaka; Makoto Uesaka; Yoshiteru Ito; Shigeyuki Horikawa; Hikari Shiozaki; Tomohito Yamamoto | |||
| Many types of VR systems have been developed to provide spatial views and
surround sound to express high levels of presence. Recently, high-definition TV
and 5.1 ch surround sound systems have been made available for watching 3D
movies at home. In the near future, more realistic display systems such as
"Super Hi-Vision" will be developed and introduced into our homes. However,
these types of visual or auditory display systems may require the allocation of
a large space for fixed, specialized equipment, and they tend to be expensive.
Moreover, compared to the amount of free contents on the Web, highly realistic
contents for such systems are still lacking. In this study, we propose a
spatial audiovisual display system that comprises multiple mobile devices and a
Web-based design system, which allows average users to create and share spatial
audio content on the Web. Keywords: visual and auditory display; mobile device; sound space; sharing; Web | |||
| Supporting Residents Evacuation and Safety Inquiry in Case of Disaster | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 443-452 | |
| Masahiro Arima; Takuya Ueno; Michitaka Arima | |||
| Residents' Disaster Prevention Organization (or Self-protection Organization
against Disaster) is defined as "voluntary disaster prevention organization
based on mutual help of residents" in Basic Counter Disaster Act which was
enacted in 1961 in Japan. Although the organizations have national average
household coverage ratio of over 75 percent, residents often do not recognize
they are registered as member of organization. Furthermore, activities such as
safety inquiry, and registration and management at evacuation centers are paper
based, making them unable to utilize the latest ICT technologies and resulting
in ineffective and inefficient evacuation support activities. In this paper,
based on a national web survey conducted in 2011, we will reveal residents'
participation in Residents' Disaster Prevention Organization, as well as
explore how ICT can support the organizations in times of disaster. In order to
change personal data into social information, which is necessary when safety
inquiry and registration at evacuation center are conducted under disaster, we
propose a prototype information system utilizing QR code and GIS (Geographic
Information System), which its effectiveness was validated by questionnaire
responded by disaster drill participants. Keywords: Residents' Disaster Prevention Organization; Evacuation Support; Safety
Inquiry Support; QR Code; Geographic Information Systems | |||
| Safety Culture: An Examination of the Relationship between a Safety Management System and Pilot Judgment Using Simulation in Aeronautics | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 453-459 | |
| Stuart A. Campbell | |||
| The need to reduce aircraft accidents and incidents is paramount in general
aviation, specifically, those attributed to aeronautical decision-making and
poor judgment. Accident statistics confirms aeronautical decision-making and
poor judgment as a significant contributor to general aviation accidents and
incidents (Aircraft Owners and Pilot Association, 2010). The absence of a
positive safety culture in general aviation to include training organizations
affects pilot judgment and decision making. The learning process and education
through actual and simulated flight training and the relationship of a positive
safety culture during the learning process and training is of importance and
currently under study using the Frasca mentor Advance Aviation Training Device. Keywords: Aeronautical Decision-Making; Judgment; Advance Aviation Training Device;
Safety Management System; Situational Judgment Test Modified | |||
| What, Where, and When? Intelligent Presentation Management for Automotive Human Machine Interfaces and Its Application | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 460-469 | |
| Sandro Castronovo; Angela Mahr; Christian Müller | |||
| In the past years we have seen overwhelming information abundance in the
automotive domain. Numerous advanced driver assistant systems (ADAS) and
in-vehicle information systems (IVIS) are introduced even in middle-sized class
cars. In the future, new technologies based on Vehicle-2-X Communication (V2X)
open a wide range of safety, traffic efficiency and infotainment applications.
In order to ensure driving safety, user-friendly information presentation and
interaction are inalienable for automotive applications. However, conflicts
between numerous applications running in parallel will inevitably occur: On the
one hand, there exist spatial and technical constraints at a driver's
workplace. On the other hand, a driver has limited cognitive resources to spare
for additional information perception. This paper elaborates on a generic
Automotive HMI concept, which provides a coordination layer for independent
applications. The implementation was applied to a field operational test for
V2X providing a suitable test-bed for evaluation in real traffic scenarios with
over 30 applications. Keywords: Presentation Management; V2X Communication; Human Machine Interfaces | |||
| Proposal of Non-dimensional Parameter Indices to Evaluate Safe Driving Behavior | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 470-479 | |
| Toshihiro Hiraoka; Shota Takada; Hiroshi Kawakami | |||
| Our previous study proposed Deceleration for Collision Avoidance (DCA) as an
new index for use when evaluating collision risk against forward obstacles. The
present manuscript proposes four non-dimensional parameter indices which are
based mainly on the DCA, in order to provide quantitative assessment of safe
driving behavior. Numerical simulations are performed to verify validity of the
proposed indices. Keywords: safe driving evaluation system; deceleration for collision avoidance;
driving behavior | |||
| Autonomous Locomotion Based on Interpersonal Contexts of Pedestrian Areas for Intelligent Powered Wheelchair | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 480-489 | |
| Takuma Ito; Minoru Kamata | |||
| In a rapidly aged society, providing mobility aids such as motorized
wheelchairs is becoming increasingly important. Although such mobility aids
have recently been developed with autonomous locomotion functions, their
technologies and locomotive styles are basically based on unmanned vehicles,
not on welfare mobility aids. In order to realize harmonious autonomous
locomotion, this research proposed the concept of "Interpersonal Contexts on
pedestrian areas", and developed prototype technologies utilizing the contexts:
velocity control based on interaction prediction of surrounding pedestrians,
and interactive collision avoidance based on surrounding mobility type. This
paper explains briefly their functions and results, and discussed their
utilities based on the interpersonal contexts. Keywords: Autonomous Vehicle; Human-Machine Collaboration; Collision Avoidance;
Interactive Safety | |||
| Comparison of Cognitively Impaired, Healthy Non-Professional and Healthy Professional Driver Behavior on a Small and Low-Fidelity Driving Simulator | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 490-496 | |
| Makoto Itoh; Masashi Kawase; Keita Matsuzaki; Katsumi Yamamoto; Shin'ichi Yokoyama; Masaaki Okada | |||
| It is becoming an important issue to develop methods to evaluate driving
capability of cognitively impaired persons. In this paper, we conducted an
experiment, by using a small and low-fidelity driving simulator (a Honda
Safety-Navi), to collect driving data of several categories of drivers in order
to understand what kind of driving activities could be degraded due to the
cognitive disabilities. Healthy non-professional drivers, healthy professional
bus drivers, patients but not cognitively impaired, drivers cognitively
impaired by "higher brain dysfunction" were compared. The results showed that
degradation of the skill to stop at an appropriate point required by a stop
line is a useful index of the whole driving skill in the experimental
conditions. Keywords: Higher brain dysfunction; driving fitness; disability; safety | |||
| Influence of the Safety Margin on Behavior that Violates Rules | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 497-506 | |
| Mitsuhiko Karashima; Hiromi Nishiguchi | |||
| This research was undertaken to explore how the safety margin influenced the
occurrence of the risk-taking behavior that violated the rules through an
experiment where the participants were required to carry out a go-around task
in which a simulated railroad crossing was included. Three levels of the
waiting time for the train coming with the flashing light signal at the
crossing were settled as the safety margins. The results of the experiment
suggested that the large safety margin might cause to make the subjective
probability of the failure of the violation and the subjective probability of
receiving punishment for the violation decreased and the tendency toward the
violation. The results of the simulation suggested that the violation
occurrence could be explained by the expected utility theory. Keywords: Safety margin; Violation; Subjective probability; Expected utility theory | |||
| Determination of Alarm Setpoint for Alarm System Rationalization Using Performance Evaluation | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 507-514 | |
| Naoki Kimura; Takashi Hamaguchi; Kazuhiro Takeda; Masaru Noda | |||
| Alarm system is one of the most important element of the plant-operator
interfaces in the industrial plants. Alarm lifecycle management is very
important to maintain the safety, quality, environmental and economic
efficiency of the plant. In our previous study, we proposed the method to
select adequate alarm variables and evaluation method in diagnostic and timely
manner. In this study, we proposed a method to determine the setpoints for
alarm system using three indices and the results of dynamic process simulation
on the rationalization stage of the lifecycle of alarm management. And we also
presented feasibility of our method by demonstration of a case study. Keywords: Plant Alarm System; Dynamic Process Simulation; Timeliness rate | |||
| Pilot Experiments in Education for Safe Bicycle Riding to Evaluate Actual Cycling Behaviors When Entering an Intersection | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 515-523 | |
| Hiroaki Kosaka; Masaru Noda | |||
| Previous studies have proposed educational methods to improve the basic
driving behaviors of unsafe drivers by evaluating their actual driving
behaviors. In this paper, we report on applying the teaching methods proposed
by previous studies to a new method for bicyclists to improve their safe riding
behavior and awareness. The results of our education experiments indicated that
it was important for a rider to increase the chance of noticing a crossing
bicycle by confirming safety by looking right and left. The participants did
not have this knowledge before the education. After the bicycle riding
simulation and education, they understood it was effective to confirm safety by
looking right and left to decrease the risk of an accident. Keywords: educational method; safe bicycle riding; cycling behavior; driving simulator | |||
| Task Analysis of Soft Control Operations Using Simulation Data in Nuclear Power Plants | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 524-529 | |
| Seung Jun Lee; Wondea Jung | |||
| Soft control is one of the major characteristics of advanced main control
rooms (MCRs) in nuclear power plants, which have been recently developed using
digital and computer technologies. Various kinds of advanced MCR designs have
been proposed with their own features, and every design has advantageous and
disadvantageous effects on operator performance. In this work, to observe
operator behaviors using soft controls, the simulation data were analyzed. The
analysis results showed that the interface management tasks occupy a large
portion compared to the primary tasks in providing control inputs to the
devices. These additional tasks required for performing an operation cause
further possibility of human errors. Therefore, it is necessary to design an
interface that can optimize the additional tasks for preventing errors. Through
human error analyses for interface designs, a more human error preventive
design is achievable. Keywords: Soft Control; Human error; Advanced main control room | |||
| A Semiotic Based Method for Evaluating Automated Cockpit Interfaces | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 530-539 | |
| Waldomiro Moreira; Rodrigo Bonacin | |||
| Issues of Human-Machine Interaction in the aircraft's cockpit are well known
as causes of events that collaborate with material and human losses. In this
scenario, the design and evaluation of interfaces must follow rigorous methods.
The objective of this work is to develop an evaluation method of Human Computer
Interaction (HCI) within the cockpit in order to reduce erroneous actions. This
method is based on theories and techniques from the Organizational Semiotics
(OS) field. The feasibility of the proposed method was investigated in a case
study in an aeronautical simulated scenario with the participation of three
pilots. The intention is contribute to the advancement of knowledge in HCI
cockpit environment, particularly in the understanding of human factors related
to semantic, pragmatics and the situational awareness aspects of the
interaction with computing devices, as well as creates a feasible method to
evaluate these factors during the execution of the mission' tasks. Keywords: Safety Systems; Interface Evaluation; Semiotics | |||
| A Visual Discrimination Task for Symbols in Air Traffic Management | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 540-547 | |
| Mary K. Ngo; Kim-Phuong L. Vu; Tristan Grigoleit; Thomas Z. Strybel | |||
| The present study explored the effectiveness of different symbol features in
facilitating participants' ability to extract important information in
visually-cluttered displays. Participants were presented with arrays of visual
symbols consisting of a number of visual targets amidst distractor symbols. The
participants had to decide as quickly and accurately as possible whether there
were more targets or more distractors present in the array. Symbol features
(color, fill, letter, and shape) were varied on a block-to-block basis, while
set size and ratio of targets to distractors (easy/20:80 or difficult/40:60)
were varied on a trial-by-trial basis. The results of this experiment revealed
that search based on color gave rise to the best performance, while search
based on shape gave rise to the worst performance. When selecting features that
might aid in the rapid extraction of important air traffic information, the
results of the present study suggest that the use of color coding may be most
effective. Keywords: symbology; air traffic control displays | |||
| Influence of Deceleration Intention Indicating System of Forward Vehicle on Driver Behavior | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 548-557 | |
| Yuichi Saito; Shin Kato; Makoto Itoh; Toshiyuki Inagaki | |||
| This paper discusses a way to detect the driver's intention to decelerate
the vehicle in a car-following situation. In the present study, a field
observation of a car driving and an experiment were conducted. In the field
observation, the data were collected for analyzing a driver's maneuvering of
the accelerator and brake pedals in order to design a system that can detect
the driver's intention to deceleration. The method based on the covering brake
pedal found to be highly reliable. In the experiment, an investigation using an
experimental vehicle and a test course was conducted to evaluate the influence
of the proposed system on the driver behavior. The experimental results showed
that the system was effective in improving the driver's accelerator release
time (ART) and the brake onset time (BOT). Keywords: Safety; Intelligent vehicle; Driver support; Driver behavior | |||
| Human Behavior of Prioritizing Right-Turning Vehicles and Traffic Flow at Intersections | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 558-567 | |
| Hironori Suzuki; Yoshitaka Marumo; Tsuyoshi Katayama; Yuuki Yazawa | |||
| This study evaluates the effect of prioritizing right-turning vehicles in
traffic flow not only at an artificial intersection but also at an existing
corridor equipped with several intersections. The traffic simulator used in
this study quantifies the effect of prioritizing a right-turning vehicle on
traffic efficiency, safety, and the environment of an intersection. The ratio
of prioritizing a right-turning vehicle is given as stochastic probability
density functions. Numerical analysis showed that low traffic demand and low
probability of prioritizing a right-turning vehicle brought significant
improvement to traffic efficiency, safety and the environment. The effect was
as significant as installing a general right-turn pocket and its special signal
phase. It was concluded that humans have potential to improve this efficiency
as significant as that of when a right-turn pocket is installed, which is
costly and time-consuming. Keywords: Driver Assist; Man-Machine System; Human Interface; Active Safety;
Motivation; Right-turn Prioritizing | |||
| Acceptable System Error of Collision Avoidance System Based on the Integrated Error of Driver and System | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 568-576 | |
| Keisuke Suzuki; Makoto Mochizuki | |||
| This study uses collision-prevention support information at a blind
intersection as an example to discuss a methodology for estimating the
collision mitigation ratio when the collision avoidance information is used by
a driver. It also discusses the acceptable delay time for information
presentation regarding a crossing vehicle at a blind intersection. First,
driver performance in terms of braking timing and deceleration operation for
collision avoidance was analyzed in a driving simulator when the onset timing
of the information to notify the driver about a crossing vehicle was changed.
Next, a driver model was constructed that simulated a braking operation when a
crossing vehicle appeared at a blind intersection where there were no traffic
signals. Through Monte Carlo simulations using this driver model, an estimation
was made of the frequency of collisions to vehicles crossing the blind
intersection. In addition to this estimation, the acceptable delay time for
presenting the information was estimated. One of the results indicates that the
delay time should be less than 2 s. This means the information should be
presented to the driver when the time to collision (TTC) is longer than 3 s to
mitigate the probability of collision. Keywords: Driver Behaviour; Intersection; Face-to-Face Collision; Information for
Collision Avoidance; Collision Mitigation; Sensor Reliability; Driver Model | |||
| Characteristics of Touch Panel Operation with Non-Dominant Hand in Car Driving Context | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 577-584 | |
| Yoshinori Horie; Takashi Toriizuka | |||
| The aim of this study is to examine the differences of operability between
dominant hand and non-dominant hand in car driving context, especially in
operating of touch screen of car navigation system. For the operation of touch
screen of car navigation system during car driving, the primary task is of
course car driving, and the secondary task is the operation of the touch screen
for a car navigation system. In this study, we drove 2 kinds of experiments;
the 1st experiment was to investigate the basic usage for touch screen, and the
2nd experiment was to examine the characteristics under dual tasks; the primary
and the secondary tasks. As a result, in case of single task, we could find
significant differences between with dominant hand and with non-dominant hand.
On the other hand, in case of dual task, we could not find significant
differences so much, but only when the secondary task was not so complicated we
could find statistical difference between dominant hand and non-dominant hand. Keywords: car navigation system; dominant hand; non-dominant hand; operability;
haptic; tactile; car driving context | |||
| Designing Simulation to Meet UAS Training Needs | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 585-595 | |
| David C. Ison; Brent A. Terwilliger; Dennis A. Vincenzi | |||
| The burgeoning use of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) has required the rapid
response of stakeholders to identify best practices in the selection and
training of UAS operators and managers. This paper examines the Knowledge,
Skills, Attitudes, and Other aspects (KSAs/KSAOs) that have been identified as
necessary of UAS operators. Historical studies on KSAs are outlined and
commonalities in KSAs among UAS platforms are identified. Further, best
practices for KSA enhancement training, such as Simulation Based Training (SBT)
and Scenario Based Training (ScBT), are described. Example training scenario
development is provided as is a sample training event utilizing the outlined
practices is given. Keywords: unmanned aerial systems; aircraft; aerial; knowledge; skill; attitude; human
factors; situational awareness; Department of Defense; military; scenario based
training; simulation; demonstration; variable priority; control station; CRM;
UAS; UAV; KSA; KSAO; SBT; SBTT; VPT | |||
| Approach to Haptic Guidance Control in Steering Operation Based on Cooperative States between Driver and Control System | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 596-605 | |
| Takahiro Wada; Ryota Nishimura; Seiji Sugiyama | |||
| Haptic guidance provides good affinity between the driver and the assist
control system for steering assist control automobiles. It is expected that
haptic shared control can achieve smooth transferring of automation authority
between human and automated system because it involves continuous physical
interaction. Many research studies have derived smooth transferring control
authority between human and machine based on such environmental factors as
position in a lane. However, it is difficult to change control authority
smoothly when the driver's intent changes, due to difficulty of detecting such
change. Thus, the present study proposes a method to estimate the cooperative
relationship between human and machine in the haptic guidance control of a
steering assist system. In addition, a gain-tuning control method based on
detection of cooperative status is proposed. The proposed control method is
applied to a lane-keeping assist control that enables the driver to change
lanes smoothly. Finally, its effectiveness is demonstrated by experiment
results using a driving simulator. Keywords: Haptic guidance control; Cooperative states; Steering | |||
| Measuring UAS Pilot Responses to Common Air Traffic Clearances | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 606-612 | |
| Jason Ziccardi; Zach Roberts; Ryan O'Connor; Conrad Rorie; Gregory Morales; Vernol Battiste; Thomas Strybel; Dan Chiappe; Kim-Phuong L. Vu; Jay Shively | |||
| Using a simulated ground control station, this study documents the methods
for measuring the verbal response and execution time of unmanned aerial system
(UAS) pilots to direct commands from air traffic controllers (ATCos). Although
prior research has examined characteristics of ATCo-manned aircraft
communication, there is very little literature on response times of UAS-ATCo
communication. Thus, there is a great need to examine the measured response of
UAS pilots to ATCo commands given that there will be more extensive inclusion
of UAS operations in the national airspace in the near future. The present
paper aims to provide a methodology for measuring part of the UAS and ATCo
interaction, one that can be used in future studies involving UAS operations in
the national airspace. Keywords: unmanned aerial systems; measured response; air traffic management | |||