| The Influence of Interactivity on E-service Offerings: An Empirical Examination of Benefits and Risks | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 1-25 | |
| Mauricio Featherman; Ryan T. Wright; Jason Bennett Thatcher; J. Christopher Zimmer; Richard Pak | |||
| News reports of Internet-based security breaches, identity theft, fraud, and
other dangers may increase the perceived risk and decrease the perceived
benefits of using electronic services (or e-services). We examine whether
interactivity serves as a means to diminish the perceived risks and increase
the perceived benefits of using e-services. To examine interactivity's
influence on consumers' perceptions, we conducted a laboratory experiment using
a simulated web-based, online payment system. When compared to a
non-interactive preview of an online payment system, we found that consumers
who used an interactive e-service simulation reported higher perceived
involvement and authenticity as well as higher intangibility and risks of
e-services. Further, we found that interactivity moderated relationships such
that consumers were more likely to report higher intentions to use e-services.
The paper concludes with implications for research and practice. Keywords: Interactivity, e-services, perceived risk, perceived benefits, situational
involvement, information diagnosticity, mental intangibility, and authenticity | |||
| Designing Emergency Response Dispatch Systems for Better Dispatcher Performance | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 26-55 | |
| Anna L. McNab; Traci J. Hess; Joseph S. Valacich | |||
| Emergency response systems are a relatively new and important area of
research in the information systems community. While there is a growing body of
literature in this research stream, human-computer interaction (HCI) issues
concerning the design of emergency response system interfaces have received
limited attention. Emergency responders often work in time pressured situations
and depend on fast access to key information. One of the problems studied in
HCI research is the design of interfaces to improve user information selection
and processing performance. Based on cue-summation theory and research findings
on parallel processing, associative processing, and hemispheric differences in
information processing, this study proposes that information selection of
target information in an emergency response dispatch application can be
improved by using supplementary cues. Color-coding and sorting are proposed as
relevant cues that can improve processing performance by providing
prioritization heuristics. An experimental emergency response dispatch
application is developed, and user performance is tested under conditions of
varying complexity and time pressure. The results suggest that supplementary
cues significantly improve performance, with better results often obtained when
both cues are used. Additionally, the use of these cues becomes more beneficial
as time pressure and task complexity increase. Keywords: Information selection, color, location, sorting, interface design, emergency
response systems, dispatch systems, information cues, task complexity, time
pressure | |||
| Introduction to the AIS THCI Special Issue on Design Research in Human-Computer Interaction | | BIBA | Full-Text | 56-61 | |
| Alan Hevner; Ping Zhang | |||
| Design Research (DR) creates, builds, and evaluates innovative artifacts such as constructs, models, methods, and instantiations as well as operational information systems. It also investigates approaches, methods, behaviors, and processes related to design. Although the design research paradigm as an engineering approach in Information Systems (IS) research has been actively discussed in recent years (Hevner et al., 2004), comparatively little design related research has made its way into the IS community by means of widely recognized and outstanding publications. Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) Research is concerned with the ways humans interact with information, technologies, and tasks; especially in business, managerial, organizational, and cultural contexts (Zhang et al., 2002). Despite the realization that it is important for HCI research to focus on all issues that occur along the lifecycles of any information and communication technology (ICT) artifacts, IS scholars have traditionally put less effort into the design and development stage and more effort into the use and impact stage (Zhang and Li, 2005; Zhang et al., 2009). | |||
| Design Principles for Special Purpose, Embodied, Conversational Intelligence with Environmental Sensors (SPECIES) Agents | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 62-81 | |
| Douglas C. Derrick; Jeffrey L. Jenkins; Jay F., Jr. Nunamaker | |||
| As information systems increase their ability to gather and analyze data
from the natural environment and as computational power increases, the next
generation of human-computer interfaces will be able to facilitate more
lifelike and natural interactions with humans. This can be accomplished by
using sensors to non-invasively gather information from the user, using
artificial intelligence to interpret this information to perceive users'
emotional and cognitive states, and using customized interfaces and responses
based on embodied-conversational-agent (avatar) technology to respond to the
user. We refer to this novel and unique class of intelligent agents as Special
Purpose Embodied Conversational Intelligence with Environmental Sensors
(SPECIES) agents. In this paper, we build on interpersonal communication theory
to specify four essential design principles of all SPECIES agents. We also
share findings of initial research that demonstrates how SPECIES agents can be
deployed to augment human tasks. Results of this paper organize future research
efforts in collectively studying and creating more robust, influential, and
intelligent SPECIES agents. Keywords: Embodied conversational agents, interpersonal sensors, system design | |||
| A Multidimensional Perceptual Map Approach to Project Prioritization and Selection | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 82-103 | |
| Guangzhi Zheng; Vijay K. Vaishnavi | |||
| When prioritizing projects, managers usually have to evaluate multiple
attributes (dimensions) of project data. However, these dimensions are usually
condensed into one or two indicators in many existing analysis processes. For
example, projects are commonly prioritized using a scoring approach: they are
evaluated according to predefined categories, which are then aggregated into
one or two priority numbers. We argue that aggregated scores may only offer a
limited view of project importance. This often leads decision makers to ignore
the possible differences masked by the aggregation. Following the design
science research paradigm, this paper presents a visual exploration approach
based on multi-dimensional perceptual maps. It incorporates human intuition in
the process and maintains the multidimensionality of project data as a decision
basis for project prioritization and selection. A prototype system based on the
approach was developed and qualitatively evaluated by a group of project
managers. A qualitative analysis of the data collected shows its utility and
usability. Keywords: Multidimensional perceptual map, business information visualization, visual
information exploration, multidimensional | |||
| A Design Methodology and Implementation for Corporate Network Security Visualization: A Modular-Based Approach | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 104-132 | |
| Andy Luse; Brian E. Mennecke; Janea Triplett; Nate Karstens; Doug Jacobson | |||
| Research surrounding visualization for computer and network security has
produced differing accepted methods for adequately developing security
visualization products. The current work proposes a design methodology that
melds the research of the three competing frameworks for security visualization
development. In addition, a product that incorporates the proposed design
methodology is developed, used, and evaluated. Findings show that users of the
system believe the system has increased their effectiveness at performing
network security tasks and are likely to use such a system in the future. Keywords: Security, visualization, design science, modular, cyber defense competition,
multi-method | |||
| Bringing Discourse Ethics to Value Sensitive Design: Pathways toward a Deliberative Future | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 133-155 | |
| Fahri Yetim | |||
| Value Sensitive Design (VSD) is a comprehensive framework for advancing a
value-centered research and design agenda. It provides methods for producing
and evaluating a design outcome by taking human values into account. Drawing on
discourse ethics, this paper first critically analyzes the status quo in VSD
and identifies some gaps. These mainly concern the lack of explicit methods for
supporting a deliberative and legitimate process of decision making with
respect to many concerns, including the identification of stakeholders, the
legitimation of common design communication, the justification of trade-offs
and/or a common regulation in case of competing or incommensurable values, as
well as the deliberativeness of other design decisions such as the selection of
design goals and means. In addition, this paper suggests ways to move VSD
toward the standards of discourse ethics by drawing on the knowledge base of
critical research in the Information Systems field. In particular, the
suggestions concern the inclusion of a practical method for boundary critique
and different types of discourses and principles as well as discourse support
methods and tools for structuring participation in a way that allows
participants to deal with the plurality of values, norms, goals and means
deliberatively. Finally, this paper revisits a VSD case and explores the
applicability of the ideas suggested. Keywords: Values, value sensitive design, methodology, discourse ethics, critical
research, reflective practice | |||
| The Effect of Customer Service and Content Management on Online Retail Sales Performance: The Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 156-169 | |
| Anteneh Ayanso; Kevin Lertwachara; Narongsak Thongpapanl | |||
| This paper analyzes the mediating role of customer satisfaction by studying
the relationship between IT-enabled customer service and content management
efforts and online sales performance. Using data on the top performing Web
retailers in the U.S. based on their online annual sales, we show that the
extent of retailers' efforts in online customer service and content management
is positively linked to customer satisfaction, which in turn is positively
related to the retailers' online sales performance. In addition to directly
increasing the revenue, our results indicate that customer service and content
management features can also indirectly improve the retailers' financial
performance. Specifically, customer service management impacts the sales
performance via the average ticket amount, while content management affects the
sales via the repeat visit. Keywords: Online retailing, electronic commerce, web site design | |||
| Social Networking Websites and Posting Personal Information: An Evaluation of Protection Motivation Theory | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 170-188 | |
| Kent Marett; Anna L. McNab; Ranida B. Harris | |||
| The popularity of social networking websites among Internet users continues
to grow, even though social networking remains a risk for users who do not
participate with caution. Using protection motivation theory (PMT) as a
theoretical lens to provide a research model, and by issuing a fear appeal to
social network users about the potential threat to their privacy, this study
identified perceptions and beliefs held by users that influence their
behavioral responses to the imposed threats. A snowball sample survey measuring
the variables conceptualized by PMT was completed by 522 social network users.
A time-ordered hierarchical regression analysis of the responses showed that
PMT provides explanations for both adaptive and maladaptive responses,
particularly for the response of hopelessness. Implications and directions for
future research in this area are offered. Keywords: Social networking, online privacy, protection motivation, risk assessment,
user behavior, adaptive response, maladaptive response | |||
| Team Climate and Media Choice in Virtual Teams | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 189-213 | |
| Kathrin Figl; Carol Saunders | |||
| As work teams become more distributed, effective computer-mediated
communication is increasingly impacting their performance. This study
investigates how team climate influences communication frequency among team
members and their use of different communication media. Data were collected in
two information systems courses offered at an Austrian university in which 50
student teams developed web-based applications and conducted usability tests. A
team climate framework based on task and social orientation was used to assess
the teams' performance and communication patterns. We found that both task and
social dimensions of team climate were positively related to higher
communication frequency as well as objective and subjective performance. Among
other things, the results suggest that a task-oriented climate is especially
linked to the use of e-mail, while social orientation is linked to the use of
face-to-face meetings. We also found differences in communication patterns and
performance across four different types of team climates (fully functioning,
cozy, cold, and dysfunctional). The results underscore the importance of both
task and social dimensions for a team to perform well. Our study contributes to
both the academic literature that investigates factors affecting media choice
and the practitioner literature that examines how to manage virtual teamwork
effectively. Keywords: Computer-mediated communication, computer-supported collaborative work,
media choice, team climate | |||
| NFriendConnector: Design and Evaluation of An Application for Integrating Offline and Online Social Networking | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 214-235 | |
| Felix Köbler; Suparna Goswami; Philip Koene; Jan Marco Leimeister; Helmut Krcmar | |||
| This paper describes the design and evaluation of NFriendConnector, a
prototype application that allows for better integration between online and
offline social networks. Online social networks are currently used to maintain
and strengthen existing real-life social connections, rather than establishing
ties that exist only online. However, users incur significant time and search
related costs in replicating a naturally occurring social interaction using a
social networking site (SNS). Therefore, there exists a gap between initiating
social contact in real-life versus initiating social contact via an online
social network. Using the design science paradigm, our research addresses this
gap by introducing NFriendConnector. This application allows users to map their
offline interactions, as and when they take place, onto their SNS presence,
therefore making it possible to complement offline social interactions with SNS
profile information. The prototype is implemented using Near Field
Communication (NFC)-enabled mobile phones and Facebook. We evaluate the
prototype in an experimental setting using expectation confirmation theory
(ECT) as the theoretical framework. Findings show that NFriendConnector was
able to satisfy users, therefore indicating a successful design exercise. We
discuss the implications of this research in the context of current
developments in online social networking. Keywords: Online social networking, expectation confirmation theory, Near Field
Communication, design research, prototype development, experimental evaluation | |||