[1]
The Social Media Ecology: User Perceptions, Strategies and Challenges
Front Stage on Social Media
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Zhao, Xuan
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Lampe, Cliff
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Ellison, Nicole B.
Proceedings of the ACM CHI'16 Conference on Human Factors in Computing
Systems
2016-05-07
v.1
p.89-100
© Copyright 2016 ACM
Summary: Many existing studies of social media focus on only one platform, but the
reality of users' lived experiences is that most users incorporate multiple
platforms into their communication practices in order to access the people and
networks they desire to influence. In order to better understand how people
make sharing decisions across multiple sites, we asked our participants (N=29)
to categorize all modes of communication they used, with the goal of surfacing
their mental models about managing sharing across platforms. Our interview data
suggest that people simultaneously consider "audience" and "content" when
sharing and these needs sometimes compete with one another; that they have the
strong desire to both maintain boundaries between platforms as well as allowing
content and audience to permeate across these boundaries; and that they strive
to stabilize their own communication ecosystem yet need to respond to changes
necessitated by the emergence of new tools, practices, and contacts. We unpack
the implications of these tensions and suggest future design possibilities.
[2]
Identity Work on Social Media Sites: Disadvantaged Students' College
Transition Processes
Education in the Classroom and Beyond
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Morioka, Tsubasa
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Ellison, Nicole B.
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Brown, Michael
Proceedings of ACM CSCW 2016 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative
Work and Social Computing
2016-02-27
v.1
p.848-859
© Copyright 2016 ACM
Summary: Prior research suggests that some social media practices can play a role in
shaping students' adjustment to college; however, the specific mechanisms by
which social media can support the identity work associated with successful
transitions to college are not well understood. This paper investigates how
social media experiences and interactions can support college-focused identity
construction for low-income, first-generation college students. Drawing on
in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 31 emergent adults from disadvantaged
backgrounds in the United States, we identify social media affordances that
support the process of identity work during a critical transition period.
Findings indicate that social media platforms support provisional identity
work, but disadvantaged college students lack access to mentor-like figures
that could be accessible through social media. We also find barriers to sharing
information online that may extend to other life transitions in multiple life
contexts and review the design implications of our findings.
[3]
First-Generation Students and College: The Role of Facebook Networks as
Information Sources
Education in the Classroom and Beyond
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Jeon, Grace YoungJoo
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Ellison, Nicole B.
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Hogan, Bernie
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Greenhow, Christine
Proceedings of ACM CSCW 2016 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative
Work and Social Computing
2016-02-27
v.1
p.887-899
© Copyright 2016 ACM
Summary: Social network site (SNS) platforms have the potential to be effective
information-seeking channels due to their technical and social affordances,
such as the ability to broadcast content to a large group and to aggregate
one's contacts. This study tests the impact of a Facebook app that allows users
to visualize their network of Facebook Friends to see how it influences who
adolescents identify as good sources of information about college. Comparing
Friends selected by 24 high school seniors before and after viewing Facebook
network visualizations reveals that first-generation students were more likely
to select higher quality information sources among their Facebook Friends after
exposure to the visualization. Our results suggest that social media can help
users identify good human information sources by making hidden resources in
one's network more visible.
[4]
Playful Backstalking and Serious Impression Management: How Young Adults
Reflect on their Past Identities on Facebook
Unpacking Social Networks
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Schoenebeck, Sarita
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Ellison, Nicole B.
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Blackwell, Lindsay
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Bayer, Joseph B.
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Falk, Emily B.
Proceedings of ACM CSCW 2016 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative
Work and Social Computing
2016-02-27
v.1
p.1475-1487
© Copyright 2016 ACM
Summary: Parents, educators, and policymakers have expressed concern about the future
implications of young people's sharing practices on social media sites.
However, little is known about how young people themselves feel about their
online behaviors being preserved and resurfaced later in adulthood. We
conducted semi-structured interviews with 28 college-going, primarily female,
young adults about their use of social media and their transition from
adolescence into young adulthood. We find that participants recognize archival
value in their own Facebook histories, despite sometimes perceiving these
histories to be embarrassing. They experience tensions between meeting their
current self-presentational goals and maintaining the authenticity of
historical content. To reconcile these tensions, they engage in retrospective
impression management practices, such as curating past content. They also
engage in "backstalking" behaviors, in which they view and engage with other
users' Facebook histories -- openly with close ties and discreetly with weak
ties. We consider this ludic engagement through the lens of emerging adulthood
and discuss the theoretical implications of our findings, especially in light
of emerging applications which intentionally resurface digital traces.
[5]
Online Dating as Pandora's Box: Methodological Issues for the CSCW Community
Panels
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Zytko, Doug
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Lingel, Jessa
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Birnholtz, Jeremy
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Ellison, Nicole B.
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Hancock, Jeff
Companion Proceedings of ACM CSCW 2015 Conference on Computer-Supported
Cooperative Work and Social Computing
2015-03-14
v.2
p.131-134
© Copyright 2015 ACM
Summary: As a socio-technical phenomenon, online dating has significant appeal to
researchers interested in various aspects of human-computer interaction --
presentation of self in online environments; norms of disclosure and deception;
and the extent to which technological design informs dynamics of human
relationships. With these many facets of socio-technical practice come
important and complex methodological questions, where both the sensitivity of
the topic and the specific technologies being studied can introduce practical
and ethical obstacles. This panel brings together scholars across human
computer interaction, communication, information studies, and Internet studies
to examine methodological issues that have arisen in their own work on online
dating, with the objective of broadening these issues of ethics and methods to
the wider CSCW community.
[6]
Social media and college access
Forums
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Ellison, Nicole B.
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Wohn, D. Yvette
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Brown, Michael G.
interactions
2014-07
v.21
n.4
p.62-65
© Copyright 2014 ACM
Summary: Social media has become globally ubiquitous, transforming how people are
networked and mobilized. This forum explores research and applications of these
new networked publics at individual, organizational, and societal levels. --
Shelly Farnham, Editor
[7]
Help is on the way: patterns of responses to resource requests on Facebook
Friendsourcing
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Lampe, Cliff
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Gray, Rebecca
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Fiore, Andrew T.
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Ellison, Nicole
Proceedings of ACM CSCW 2014 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative
Work and Social Computing
2014-02-15
v.1
p.3-15
© Copyright 2014 ACM
Summary: Research suggests that social network sites can support social capital
exchanges, which are often triggered by requests for assistance, such as
seeking recommendations or asking for favors. Responsiveness to these requests
for help is important to study because these interactions have the potential to
affect users' overall satisfaction with the experience of using SNSs, signal
social grooming functions that are an essential part of relationship
maintenance, and affect social capital processes. In this paper, we study a
corpus of public status updates posted to Facebook (N=7,466) in order to
identify the pattern of responses to status updates that attempt to mobilize
resources from the poster's Facebook network. Findings suggest that
mobilization requests are treated differently than other kinds of posts; posts
that attempt to mobilize help receive more comments than non-mobilization
attempts. Additionally, responses occur more quickly and are shaped by the type
of support requested (e.g., a recommendation vs. a favor). These findings help
us better understand the role of help-seeking behaviors in the social capital
conversion process as it unfolds via social media.
[8]
Favors from Facebook friends: unpacking dimensions of social capital
Papers: managing social media
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Jung, Yumi
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Gray, Rebecca
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Lampe, Cliff
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Ellison, Nicole
Proceedings of ACM CHI 2013 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
2013-04-27
v.1
p.11-20
© Copyright 2013 ACM
Summary: Past research has demonstrated a link between perceptions of social capital
and use of the popular social network site, Facebook. Williams' Internet Social
Capital Scales, based on Putnam's formulation, tap into sub-dimensions of
social capital that have not been broadly used yet may enlighten our
understanding of the different ways in which connecting with others online can
facilitate access to resources embedded within our social relationships. In
this study, we segment Williams' Internet Social Capital Scales into various
sub-dimensions using factor analysis and explicate the distinct facets of
social capital through a lab experiment in which Facebook users (N=98) request
a small favor from their Facebook network. We find that some sub-dimensions
play a significant role in getting favors from Facebook friends while bonding
and bridging social capital do not significantly predict responses to favor
requests.
[9]
Users and nonusers: interactions between levels of adoption and social
capital
Understanding people's practices in social networks
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Lampe, Cliff
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Vitak, Jessica
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Ellison, Nicole
Proceedings of ACM CSCW'13 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
2013-02-23
v.1
p.809-820
© Copyright 2013 ACM
Summary: Although Facebook is the largest social network site in the U.S. and
attracts an increasingly diverse userbase, some individuals have chosen not to
join the site. Using survey data collected from a sample of non-academic staff
at a large Midwestern university (N=614), we explore the demographic and
cognitive factors that predict whether a person chooses to join Facebook. We
find that older adults and those with higher perceived levels of bonding social
capital are less likely to use the site. Analyzing open-ended responses from
non-users, we find that they express concerns about privacy, context collapse,
limited time, and channel effects in deciding to not adopt Facebook. Finally,
we compare non-adopters against users who differ on three dimensions of use. We
find that light users often have social capital outcomes similar to, or worse
than, non-users, and that heavy users report higher perceived bridging and
bonding social capital than either group.
[10]
Who wants to know?: question-asking and answering practices among Facebook
users
Searching: better together?
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Gray, Rebecca
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Ellison, Nicole B.
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Vitak, Jessica
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Lampe, Cliff
Proceedings of ACM CSCW'13 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
2013-02-23
v.1
p.1213-1224
© Copyright 2013 ACM
Summary: Research has identified a link between Facebook use and bridging social
capital, which speaks to the informational resources provided by a diverse
network of connections. In order to explicate the mechanism through which
Facebook may help individuals mobilize these embedded informational and support
resources, this study explores the role of bridging social capital, question
type, and relational closeness on the perceived utility and satisfaction of
information obtained through questions posed to one's network of Facebook
Friends through the status update feature. Employing a mixed-method approach,
we utilize survey data collected from a sample of non-academic university staff
(N=666), as well as actual Facebook question examples and responses collected
during a follow-up lab session from a subset of this sample (N=71). Results
indicate that question-askers' bridging social capital positively predicts the
utility of responses received on SNS, while useful responses are more likely to
be received from weaker ties.
[11]
Social media question asking workshop
Workshop summaries
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Ackerman, Mark
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Adamic, Lada
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Ellison, Nicole
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Gergle, Darren
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Hecht, Brent
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Lampe, Cliff
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Morris, Meredith Ringel
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Teevan, Jaime
Proceedings of ACM CSCW'13 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
2013-02-23
v.2
p.297-298
© Copyright 2013 ACM
Summary: Social media question asking, in which people use Internet technologies to
solicit help from other people, is an increasingly common way for people to
find information. This workshop brings together researchers studying social
media question asking from a variety of perspectives, including social
scientists seeking to understand and describe the phenomenon and those seeking
to create improved experiences through innovation in system building or user
interface design.
[12]
Perceptions of Facebook's value as an information source
With a little help from my friends
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Lampe, Cliff
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Vitak, Jessica
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Gray, Rebecca
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Ellison, Nicole
Proceedings of ACM CHI 2012 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
2012-05-05
v.1
p.3195-3204
© Copyright 2012 ACM
Summary: Facebook has become an increasingly important tool for people engaging in a
range of communication behaviors, including requesting help from their social
network to address information needs. Through a study of 614 staff members at a
large university, we show how social capital, network characteristics, and use
of Facebook are related to how useful individuals find Facebook to be for
informational purposes and their propensity to seek different types of
information on the site. We find that bridging social capital and engagement
with one's network through directed communication behaviors are important
predictors of these dimensions of information seeking; furthermore, a number of
demographic and usage behavior differences exist between those who choose to
engage in information-seeking behaviors on Facebook and those who do not.
Finally, when predicting information-seeking behaviors, we identify a
significant interaction between users' perceptions of Facebook as appropriate
for purposes beyond the purely social and their engagement with their network.
[13]
"Why won't you be my Facebook friend?": strategies for managing context
collapse in the workplace
Posters
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Vitak, Jessica
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Lampe, Cliff
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Gray, Rebecca
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Ellison, Nicole B.
Proceedings of the 2012 iConference
2012-02-07
p.555-557
© Copyright 2012 Authors
Summary: This poster presents a preliminary analysis of data collected from staff
personnel at a large U. S. university regarding their use of the social network
site (SNS) Facebook in their personal and professional lives. Sixty-five
percent of online American adults now have a profile on a SNS, and Facebook is
increasingly utilized in organizational settings such as universities as a tool
for information dissemination, recruiting, and promotion of the organization
and its programs. Analysis of interview data (N = 26) found that while social
media outlets like Facebook offer a number of advantages for reaching diverse
populations, navigating work/life boundaries on Facebook was a concern for many
participants. Through the lens of context collapse -- the flattening of
multiple distinct audiences into a singular group -- we explicate these
concerns, focusing on participants' strategies for maintaining boundaries
between their personal and professional lives.
[14]
Understanding science: context for senator Tom Coburn's 'Under the
Microscope' report
Features
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Nardi, Bonnie
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Ellison, Nicole
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Lampe, Cliff
interactions
2011-11
v.18
n.6
p.32-35
© Copyright 2011 ACM
[15]
Facebook as a toolkit: A uses and gratification approach to unbundling
feature use
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Smock, Andrew D.
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Ellison, Nicole B.
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Lampe, Cliff
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Wohn, Donghee Yvette
Computers in Human Behavior
2011-11
v.27
n.6
p.2322-2329
Keywords: Uses and gratifications
Keywords: Social network sites
Keywords: Facebook
Keywords: Communication technology
© Copyright 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Summary: Research on social network sites (SNSs) typically employ measures that treat
SNS use as homogenous although the user-base, user practices, and feature sets
of these tools are increasingly diverse. Using a uses and gratifications
approach, we address this problem by reconceptualizing SNSs as collections of
features. Survey data collected from undergraduate students at a large
Midwestern university (n = 267) revealed that users' motivations for using
Facebook predict their use of different features, such as status updates and
Wall posts, but features that share similar capabilities do not necessarily
share underlying motivations for use. When these results are contrasted against
models employing a more unidimensional measure of Facebook use, we find
differences between motivations for both general Facebook use and use of
specific features of the site. This suggests that unidimensional measures of
SNS use obfuscate motivations for using specific features. Theoretical and
methodological implications of these findings and this approach are discussed.
[16]
Coordinating the ordinary: social information uses of Facebook by adults
Social Media
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Wohn, Donghee Yvette
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Lampe, Cliff
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Vitak, Jessica
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Ellison, Nicole B.
Proceedings of the 2011 iConference
2011-02-08
p.340-347
© Copyright 2011 ACM
Summary: Social network sites (SNSs) are bundles of information and communication
tools that can be used to support collaboration, among other uses. In a
qualitative study of adult Facebook users (N=18), we found that some users did
turn to the site for information uses that are embedded in social activities,
including organizing events, establishing online groups, and seeking
information. We also discuss the features of Facebook that respondents
discussed as being important to these uses.
[17]
Student athletes on facebook
Me, us and them: affiliation, reputation and social media use
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Lampe, Cliff
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Ellison, Nicole B.
Proceedings of ACM CSCW'10 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
2010-02-06
p.193-196
Keywords: facebook, social network sites, student athletes
© Copyright 2010 ACM
Summary: Student athletes at U.S. universities are bound by rules affecting their
participation in their sport and are highly visible to their fellow students
and a larger public of fans. This difference makes them more likely than other
students to be sensitive to issues of impression management and use of social
network sites (SNSs). In this paper, we show how student athletes at a large
university engage with the social network site Facebook compared with their
fellow students, including differences in the size of their networks, reported
uses of the site, and perceptions about their audience. This work shows that
while student athletes have a higher anticipation of being watched, they have
similar uses and concerns compared to other students.
[18]
Bowling online: social networking and social capital within the organization
Social networking
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Steinfield, Charles
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DiMicco, Joan M.
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Ellison, Nicole B.
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Lampe, Cliff
Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Communities and
Technologies
2009-06-25
p.245-254
© Copyright 2009 ACM
Summary: Within an organizational setting, social capital facilitates knowledge
management processes in that it enables individuals to locate useful
information, draw on resources and make contributions to the network. This
paper explores the relationship between various dimensions of organizational
social capital and the use of an internal social network site (SNS). We
hypothesize that the use of a SNS contributes to social capital within the
organization in that SNS users are able to maintain larger networks of
heterogeneous contacts. Additionally, the affordances of the site support
social interaction between users, thus helping individuals maintain existing
relationships and deepen developing ones. We find that bonding relationships,
sense of corporate citizenship, interest in connecting globally, and access to
new people and expertise are all associated with greater intensity of use of
the social network site.
[19]
Social network sites and society: current trends and future possibilities
The potential for technology-enabled connections
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Ellison, Nicole B.
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Lampe, Cliff
/
Steinfield, Charles
interactions
2009-01
v.16
n.1
p.6-9
© Copyright 2009 ACM
[20]
Changes in use and perception of facebook
Social networking at work and school
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Lampe, Cliff
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Ellison, Nicole B.
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Steinfield, Charles
Proceedings of ACM CSCW'08 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
2008-11-08
p.721-730
© Copyright 2008 ACM
Summary: As social computing systems persist over time, the user experiences and
interactions they support may change. One type of social computing system,
Social Network Sites (SNSs), are becoming more popular across broad segments of
Internet users. Facebook, in particular, has very broad participation amongst
college attendees, and has been growing in other populations as well. This
paper looks at how use of Facebook has changed over time, as indicated by three
consecutive years of survey data and interviews with a subset of survey
respondents. Reported uses of the site remain relatively constant over time,
but the perceived audience for user profiles and attitudes about the site show
differences over the study period.
[21]
A familiar face(book): profile elements as signals in an online social
network
Online representation of self
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Lampe, Cliff A. C.
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Ellison, Nicole
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Steinfield, Charles
Proceedings of ACM CHI 2007 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
2007-04-28
v.1
p.435-444
© Copyright 2007 ACM
Summary: Using data from a popular online social network site, this paper explores
the relationship between profile structure (namely, which fields are completed)
and number of friends, giving designers insight into the importance of the
profile and how it works to encourage connections and articulated relationships
between users. We describe a theoretical framework that draws on aspects of
signaling theory, common ground theory, and transaction costs theory to
generate an understanding of why certain profile fields may be more predictive
of friendship articulation on the site. Using a dataset consisting of 30,773
Facebook profiles, we determine which profile elements are most likely to
predict friendship links and discuss the theoretical and design implications of
our findings.
[22]
The truth about lying in online dating profiles
Online representation of self
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Hancock, Jeffrey T.
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Toma, Catalina
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Ellison, Nicole
Proceedings of ACM CHI 2007 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
2007-04-28
v.1
p.449-452
© Copyright 2007 ACM
Summary: Online dating is a popular new tool for initiating romantic relationships,
although recent research and media reports suggest that it may also be fertile
ground for deception. Unlike previous studies that rely solely on self-report
data, the present study establishes ground truth for 80 online daters' height,
weight and age, and compares ground truth data to the information provided in
online dating profiles. The results suggest that deception is indeed frequently
observed, but that the magnitude of the deceptions is usually small. As
expected, deceptions differ by gender. Results are discussed in light of the
Hyperpersonal model and the self-presentational tensions experienced by online
dating participants.
[23]
A face(book) in the crowd: social Searching vs. social browsing
Supporting social play
/
Lampe, Cliff
/
Ellison, Nicole
/
Steinfield, Charles
Proceedings of ACM CSCW'06 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
2006-11-04
p.167-170
© Copyright 2006 ACM
Summary: Large numbers of college students have become avid Facebook users in a short
period of time. In this paper, we explore whether these students are using
Facebook to find new people in their offline communities or to learn more about
people they initially meet offline. Our data suggest that users are largely
employing Facebook to learn more about people they meet offline, and are less
likely to use the site to initiate new connections.
