[1]
What does it mean for a system to be useful?: an exploratory study of
usefulness
Design practice
/
MacDonald, Craig M.
/
Atwood, Michael E.
Proceedings of DIS'14: Designing Interactive Systems
2014-06-21
v.1
p.885-894
© Copyright 2014 ACM
Summary: HCI has always focused on designing useful and usable interactive systems,
but usability has dominated the field while research on usefulness has been
largely absent. With user experience (UX) emerging as a dominant paradigm, it
is necessary to consider the meaning of usefulness for modern computing
contexts. This paper describes the results of an exploratory study of
usefulness and its relation to contextual and experiential factors. The results
show that a system's usefulness is shaped by the context in which it is used,
usability is closely linked to usefulness, usefulness may have both pragmatic
and hedonic attributes, and usefulness is critical in defining users' overall
evaluation of a system (i.e., its goodness). We conclude by discussing the
implications of this research and describing plans for extending our
understanding of usefulness in other settings.
[2]
Robotics in my work and life
Keynote / Plenary Talks
/
Atwood, Margaret
Proceedings of ACM CHI 2014 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
2014-04-26
v.2
p.13-14
© Copyright 2014 ACM
Summary: Margaret Atwood is a giant of modern literature who refuses to rest on her
laurels. She has anticipated, satirized, and even changed the popular
pre-conceptions of our time, and is the rare writer whose work is adored by the
public, acclaimed by the critics, and read on university campuses. On stage,
Atwood is both serious minded and wickedly funny. A winner of many
international literary awards, including the prestigious Booker Prize, Margaret
Atwood is the author of more than thirty volumes of poetry, children's
literature, fiction, and non-fiction. She is perhaps best known for her novels,
which include The Edible Woman, The Handmaid's Tale, The Robber Bride, Alias
Grace, The Blind Assassin, Oryx and Crake, and The Year of the Flood. Her
non-fiction book Payback: Debt and the Shadow Side of Wealth, part of the
Massey Lecture series, was recently made into a documentary. Her new book,
Madaddam (the third novel in the Oryx and Crake trilogy), has received rave
reviews: "An extraordinary achievement" (The Independent); "A fitting and
joyous conclusion" (The New York Times).
Atwood's work has been published in more than forty languages, including
Farsi, Japanese, Turkish, Finnish, Korean, Icelandic and Estonian. In 2004, she
co-invented the LongPen, a remote signing device that allows someone to write
in ink anywhere in the world via tablet PC and the internet. She is also a
popular personality on Twitter, with over 300,000 followers.
Atwood was born in 1939 in Ottawa and grew up in northern Ontario, Quebec,
and Toronto. She received her undergraduate degree from Victoria College at the
University of Toronto and her master's degree from Radcliffe College.
[3]
Changing perspectives on evaluation in HCI: past, present, and future
alt.chi: reflection and evaluation
/
MacDonald, Craig M.
/
Atwood, Michael E.
Extended Abstracts of ACM CHI'13 Conference on Human Factors in Computing
Systems
2013-04-27
v.2
p.1969-1978
© Copyright 2013 ACM
Summary: Evaluation has been a dominant theme in HCI for decades, but it is far from
being a solved problem. As interactive systems and their uses change, the
nature of evaluation must change as well. In this paper, we outline the
challenges our community needs to address to develop adequate methods for
evaluating systems in modern (and future) use contexts. We begin by tracing how
evaluation efforts have been shaped by a continuous adaptation to technological
and cultural changes and conclude by discussing important research directions
that will shape evaluation's future.
[4]
From human factors to human actors to human crafters
Design
/
Maceli, Monica
/
Atwood, Michael
Proceedings of the 2011 iConference
2011-02-08
p.98-105
© Copyright 2011 ACM
Summary: Meta-design theory emphasizes that future use can never be entirely
anticipated at design time, as users shape their environments in response to
emerging needs; systems should therefore be designed to adapt to future
conditions in the hands of end users. For most of human history, all design was
meta-design; designers were also users, and the environments of design and use
were one and the same. Technology introduced a divide between the skilled
producers and unskilled consumers of technology, and between design time and
use time. In our increasingly complex technological environments, tomorrow's
meta-designers must be able to anticipate the environment in which the end
users will work in order to provide the flexibility for users to craft their
tools. By exploring and projecting forward current trends in technology use, we
have identified key principles for meta-designers and suggest that using them
as design heuristics will aid meta-designers in crafting systems for future
end-users.
[5]
Artifacts in design: representation, ideation, and process
Workshops
/
McCrickard, D. Scott
/
Atwood, Michael E.
/
Curtis, Gayle
/
Harrison, Steve
/
Kolko, Jon
/
Stolterman, Erik
/
Wahid, Shahtab
Proceedings of ACM CHI 2010 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
2010-04-10
v.2
p.4445-4448
Keywords: design artifact, ideation, process, representation
© Copyright 2010 ACM
Summary: Artifacts-representations that express properties or captured
information-can serve to inspire, represent, and manage the decisions made
throughout the design process. This workshop will explore how these artifacts
are created, used, and reused during design projects, toward understanding the
overall impact on the larger discipline of design. Through active engagement
with novel design artifacts and methods, workshop participants will examine,
categorize, and evaluate various design artifacts.
[6]
Patterns or claims: do they help in communicating design advice?
Design
/
Abraham, George
/
Atwood, Michael E.
Proceedings of OZCHI'09, the CHISIG Annual Conference on Human-Computer
Interaction
2009-11-23
p.25-32
Keywords: advice, claim, context, controlled-study, pattern, trade-offs
© Copyright 2009 CHISIG and author(s)
Summary: Past research asserts that patterns or claims will help capture and
communicate interaction-design advice. Both structures attempt to provide
advice in context along with the justifications for fit. These properties aim
to make patterns or claims more concrete and comprehensible to novice designers
than design guidelines. However, empirical work evaluating these promises is
lacking. This research presents a controlled study that examines the value of
structuring design advice as patterns or as claims. Patterns and claims seem
different given their respective roots in architecture and design rationale.
They also differ in their emphasis when capturing design decisions; patterns
emphasize capturing a problem-solution pair in a certain context, whereas
claims focus on capturing the positive and negative implications to a design
decision. The findings from the study suggest it may be promising to combine
the claim and pattern structures and that such a structure may facilitate
discussions of design trade-offs.
[7]
Pattern languages in the wild: exploring pattern languages in the laboratory
and in the real world
Domain-specific design research
/
Wania, Christine E.
/
Atwood, Michael E.
Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Design Science Research
in Information Systems and Technology
2009-05-07
p.12
© Copyright 2009 ACM
Summary: For more than two decades much of the pattern language literature, within
the field of Human Computer Interaction (HCI), has focused on the possible
benefits pattern languages may provide, but there has been very little
empirical work to support these claims. In fact, existing controlled studies
show practically no benefit of using pattern languages in design. Despite this
lack of evidence, interest in pattern languages continues. In this paper we
examine how pattern languages are used in experimental settings and in the real
world. We explore two questions here: Are pattern languages real? Are pattern
languages useful? We argue that the answer to both of these questions is yes.
As a community, we believe that we have been looking in the wrong places to
find evidence of pattern languages and have been looking for the wrong
benefits. Said differently, we have been overlooking the existence of and the
benefits of pattern languages. This study began exploring pattern languages in
a laboratory setting, but then continued that exploration in a real setting
where we encountered evidence of the existence of pattern languages and of
their benefits. By continuing these explorations, we argue that, the HCI
community will then begin to see the benefits from all the great efforts in
this area.
[8]
Redesigning the Rationale for Design Rationale
Part 1: Interaction Design: Theoretical Issues, Methods, Techniques and
Practice
/
Atwood, Michael E.
/
Horner, John
HCI International 2007: 12th International Conference on Human-Computer
Interaction, Part I: Interaction Design and Usability
2007-07-22
v.1
p.11-19
Keywords: Design rationale; theories of design; interactive systems design
Copyright © 2007 Springer-Verlag
Summary: One goal of design rationale systems is to support designers by providing a
means to record and communicate the argumentation and reasoning behind the
design process. However, there are several inherent limitations to developing
systems that effectively capture and utilize design rationale. The dynamic and
contextual nature of design and our inability to exhaustively analyze all
possible design issues results in cognitive, capture, retrieval, and usage
limitations. In addition, there are the organizational limitations that ensue
when systems are deployed. In this paper we analyze the essential problems that
prevent the successful development and use of design rationale systems. We
argue that useful and effective design rationale systems cannot be built unless
we carefully redefine the goal of design rationale systems.
[9]
Context-Centered Design: Bridging the Gap Between Understanding and
Designing
Part 1: Interaction Design: Theoretical Issues, Methods, Techniques and
Practice
/
Chen, Yunan
/
Atwood, Michael E.
HCI International 2007: 12th International Conference on Human-Computer
Interaction, Part I: Interaction Design and Usability
2007-07-22
v.1
p.40-48
Copyright © 2007 Springer-Verlag
Summary: HCI is about how people use systems to conduct tasks in context. Most
current HCI research focuses on a single or multiple users' interaction with
system(s). Compared with the user, system and task components, context is a
less studied area. The emergence of ubiquitous computing, context-aware
computing, and mobile computing requires system design to be adaptive and
respond to aspects of setting in which the tasks are performed, including other
users, devices and environments. Given the importance of context in information
system design, we note that even the notion of context in HCI is not
well-defined. In this paper, we review several theories of context as it
relates to interaction design. We also present our Context-centered Framework
which is aimed to bridging end users' understand and designers' designing
together. The research design and expected outcomes are also presented.
[10]
aIRPLane: an information retrieval pattern language
Work-in-progress
/
Wania, Christine E.
/
Atwood, Michael E.
Proceedings of ACM CHI 2007 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
2007-04-28
v.2
p.2741-2746
© Copyright 2007 ACM
Summary: Interaction patterns and pattern languages have been discussed for years in
HCI literature yet there have been few empirical studies conducted. We describe
aIRPLane: An Information Retrieval Pattern Language, its discovery, and the
experimental design we use to examine its impact on the design of information
retrieval interfaces. The results of a pattern sorting exercise are the focus
of this paper.
[11]
Design rationale: the rationale and the barriers
Papers
/
Horner, John
/
Atwood, Michael E.
Proceedings of the Fourth Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction
2006-10-14
p.341-350
© Copyright 2006 ACM
Summary: One goal of design rationale systems is to support designers by providing a
means to record and communicate the argumentation and reasoning behind the
design process. However, there are several inherent limitations to developing
systems that effectively capture and utilize design rationale. The dynamic and
contextual nature of design and our inability to exhaustively analyze all
possible design issues results in cognitive, capture, retrieval, and usage
limitations. In addition, there are the organizational limitations that ensue
when systems are deployed. In this paper we analyze these issues in terms of
current perspectives in design theory and describe the implications to design
research. We discuss the barriers to effective design rationale in terms of
three major goals: reflection, communication, and analysis of design processes.
We then suggest alternate means to achieve these goals that can be used with or
instead of design rationale systems.
[12]
How do design and evaluation interrelate in HCI research?
Understanding design
/
Wania, Christine E.
/
Atwood, Michael E.
/
McCain, Katherine W.
Proceedings of DIS'06: Designing Interactive Systems
2006-06-26
p.90-98
© Copyright 2006 ACM
Summary: Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is defined by the Association for Computing
Machinery (ACM) Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction (SIGCHI)
as "a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation, and implementation of
interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of the major
phenomenon surrounding them" [18]. In HCI there are authors that focus more on
designing for usability and there are authors that focus more on evaluating
usability. The relationship between these communities is not really clear. We
use author cocitation analysis, multivariate techniques, and visualization
tools to explore the relationships between these communities. The results of
the analysis revealed seven clusters that could be identified as Design Theory
and Complexity, Design Rationale, Cognitive Theories and Models, Cognitive
Engineering, Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), Participatory Design,
and User-Centered Design.
[13]
Exploring the interrelationships between the design and evaluation of
interactive systems
Workshops
/
Atwood, Michael E.
/
Wania, Christine E.
Proceedings of DIS'06: Designing Interactive Systems
2006-06-26
p.367-368
© Copyright 2006 ACM
Summary: While much research has focused on the design of interactive systems and
much research has focused on the evaluation of interactive systems, less work
has addressed both the design and evaluation of interactive systems together.
While having evaluation inform design and having design inform evaluation is a
goal that few would disagree with, how this might be done has not been
extensively addressed. The evaluation community (often labeled the usability
community) focuses primarily on the evaluation of designed artifacts while the
design community focuses primarily on the design of artifacts that will be
evaluated later. Design and evaluation both share the common goal of usability
but each takes a different path in trying to achieve it. Our goal is to further
explore the relationships between design and evaluation in an attempt to
understand how they can be brought together meaningfully.
[14]
INTERNET
Drexel University, College of Information Science and Technology (PhD)
/
Robertson, Scott
/
Allen, Robert
/
Atwood, Michael
/
Edwards, Alan
/
Gasson, Susan
/
Hewett, Tom
/
Kaplan, Randy
/
Lee, Frank J.
/
Salvussi, Dario
/
Stahl, Gerry
/
Weber, Rosina
/
Weidenbeck, Susan
/
Zhang, Qiping
2005-05-11
1998-08-26
United States, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
Drexel University
[15]
How does the design community think about design?
Section 02: perspectives
/
Atwood, Michael E.
/
McCain, Katherine W.
/
Williams, Jodi C.
Proceedings of DIS'02: Designing Interactive Systems
2002-06-25
p.125-132
© Copyright 2002 ACM
Summary: Design is a term that brings many people together. Collectively, we
distinguish ourselves from others by the fact that we are designers and members
of a design community. But, design is also a term that pushes people apart. The
design that some value in the new fashions in the boutiques in Milan is not
seen by everyone as design. While some are impressed with the design of a new
telephone, not everyone sees this as design. As a community, we believe design
is important. But, as a community, we do not have a common definition of what
it is. Many views of design have been proposed. Several classifications of
design have been proposed. In this paper, we also seek to classify views on
design. Unlike earlier efforts, however, we want to find the classification
that the global community of designers uses. To this end, we examine the
patterns of citations to key authors' works (Author Co-citation Analysis) to
uncover this classification and identify seven key author clusters representing
identifiable theory groups or schools of thought/practice in design.
[16]
Opening SIGCHI to the World
From the Chairs
/
Atwood, Mike
/
Boy, Guy
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
1999
v.31
n.1
p.3-4
© Copyright 1999 ACM
[17]
Two Significant Events
From the Chair
/
Atwood, Mike
/
Boy, Guy
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
1999
v.31
n.2
p.2-3
© Copyright 1999 ACM
[18]
Keeping Current on SIGCHI
COLUMNS: From the Chairs
/
Atwood, Mike
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
1998
v.30
n.1
p.2-3
Executive Committee Goals
SIGCHI Development Fund
ACM Infrastructure
Final Comments
[19]
Action Required From You!
COLUMNS: From the Chairs
/
Atwood, Mike
/
Boy, Guy
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
1998
v.30
n.2
p.2-3
Background
The Structure of ACM
Your Role
One Final Word
[20]
ACM SIGCHI Program Review
COLUMNS: From the Chairs
/
Atwood, Mike
/
Boy, Guy
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
1998
v.30
n.3
p.2-6
Goals of SIGCHI
Governance
Membership
Financials
Conferences
Publications
Education
Initiatives
Initiatives from Last Review
New Initiatives
Open Issues
[21]
Challenges and Opportunities
COLUMNS: From the Chairs
/
Atwood, Mike
/
Boy, Guy
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
1998
v.30
n.4
p.2-3
[22]
SIGCHI Annual Report
NEWS
/
Atwood, Mike
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
1998
v.30
n.4
p.90-93
Publications
Special Projects
Development Fund
Local SIGs
Conference and Workshops
Sponsored
In Cooperation
Awards
Steven Pemberton
Keith Instone
Doug Engelbart
Education
Tutorials To Go
Student Kits
CHIkids
Consortiums
International Activities
Collaboration
Membership Activities
Membership and Volunteerism
SIGCHI and the Web
Local SIGs
Conference Management
ACM Societies
Equipment Purchases
[23]
EDITED BOOK
Facilitating the Development and Use of Interactive Learning Environments
/
Bloom, Charles P.
/
Loftin, R. Bowen
1998
p.304
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Part I: Tools of the Trade
Developing Learning Technology in Practice
+ Clancey, W. J.
Using Quasi-Experimentation to Gather Design Information for Intelligent Tutoring Systems
+ Wolff, A. S.
+ Bloom, C. P.
+ Shahidi, A.
+ Shahidi, K.
+ Rehder, R. E.
Cost-Benefits Analysis for Computer-Based Tutoring Systems
+ Wolff, A. S.
Part II: Case Studies From Industry
Introducing Advanced Technology Applications Into Corporate Environments
+ Bloom, C. P.
+ Wolff, A. S.
+ Bell, B.
An Observational Study of ITS Knowledge-Base Development by Non Technical Subject-Matter Experts
+ McClard, A.
Supporting Development of Online Task Guidance for Software System Users: Lessons From the WITS Project
+ Farrell, R.
+ Lefkowitz, L. S.
Transferring Learning Systems Technology to Corporate Training Organizations: An Examination of Acceptance Issues
+ Bullemer, P. T.
+ Bloom, C. P.
Augmenting Intelligent Tutoring Systems With Intelligent Tutors
+ Radlinski, R.
+ Atwood, M. E.
Part III: Case Studies From Government
"A Prophet Without Honor..." Case Histories of ITS Technology at NASA/Johnson Space Center
+ Loftin, R. B.
Sherlock 2: An Intelligent Tutoring System Built on the LRDC Tutor Framework
+ Katz, S.
+ Lesgold, A.
+ Hughes, E.
+ Peters, D.
+ Eggan, G.
+ Gordin, M.
+ Greenberg, L
Are Intelligent Tutoring Systems Ready for the Commercial Market?
+ Norton, J. E.
+ Jones, J. A.
+ Johnson, W. B.
+ Wiederholt, B. J.
[24]
The Future of SIGCHI
From the Chairs
/
Atwood, Mike
/
Boy, Guy
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
1997
v.29
n.1
p.2-3
© Copyright 1997 ACM
[25]
Global, International, World-wide, National, Regional, and Local
From the Chairs
/
Atwood, Mike
/
Boy, Guy
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
1997
v.29
n.2
p.2-3
© Copyright 1997 ACM
