Data-driven Prediction Games
Late-Breaking Works: Games & Playful Interaction
/
Dzodom, Gabriel
/
Shipman, Frank
Extended Abstracts of the ACM CHI'16 Conference on Human Factors in
Computing Systems
2016-05-07
v.2
p.1857-1864
© Copyright 2016 ACM
Summary: More datasets are becoming available on the web. This provides new
opportunities for data-driven systems that can entertain and inform. We
introduce prediction games, data-driven games modeled after fantasy sports. We
hypothesize that prediction games can motivate people to explore and analyze
online datasets in order to develop their own understanding of the data's
domain and to improve their data analysis skills. The mechanics of prediction
games revolve around activities where players analyze historical data and
information resources to make predictions about future events. This paper
describes the iterative design of a prediction game engine and one of its
implementations: Fantasy Climate.
HyperMeeting: Supporting Asynchronous Meetings with Hypervideo
Session 13: Multimedia Experiences and Expectations
/
Girgensohn, Andreas
/
Marlow, Jennifer
/
Shipman, Frank
/
Wilcox, Lynn
Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Conference on Multimedia
2015-10-26
p.611-620
© Copyright 2015 ACM
Summary: While synchronous meetings are an important part of collaboration, it is not
always possible for all stakeholders to meet at the same time. We created the
concept of hypermeetings for meetings with asynchronous attendance. Such
hypermeetings consist of a chain of video-recorded meetings with hyperlinks for
navigating through them. Our HyperMeeting system supports the viewing of prior
meetings during a videoconference. Natural viewing behavior such as pausing
video generates hyperlinks between previous and current meetings. During
playback, automatic link-following guided by playback plans present the
relevant content to users. Playback plans take into account the user's meeting
attendance and viewing history and match them with features such as topic and
speaker segmentation. A user study showed that participants found hyperlinks
useful but did not always understand where the links would take them.
Experiences from longer-term use and the study results provide a good basis for
future system improvements.
Unified Relevance Feedback for Multi-Application User Interest Modeling
Session 5 -- User Issues
/
Jayarathna, Sampath
/
Patra, Atish
/
Shipman, Frank
JCDL'15: Proceedings of the 2015 ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital
Libraries
2015-06-21
p.129-138
© Copyright 2015 ACM
Summary: A user often interacts with multiple applications while working on a task.
User models can be developed individually at each of the individual
applications, but there is no easy way to come up with a more complete user
model based on the distributed activity of the user. To address this issue,
this research studies the importance of combining various implicit and explicit
relevance feedback indicators in a multi-application environment. It allows
different applications used for different purposes by the user to contribute
user activity and its context to mutually support users with unified relevance
feedback. Using the data collected by the web browser, Microsoft Word and
Microsoft PowerPoint, combinations of implicit relevance feedback with
semi-explicit relevance feedback were analyzed and compared with explicit user
ratings. Our results are two-fold: first we demonstrate the aggregation of
implicit and semi-explicit user interest data across multiple everyday
applications using our Interest Profile Manager (IPM) framework. Second, our
experimental results show that incorporating implicit feedback with
semi-explicit feedback for page-level user interest estimation resulted in a
significant improvement over the content-based models.
Towards a Distributed Digital Library for Sign Language Content
Session 7 -- Non-text Collections
/
Shipman, Frank
/
Gutierrez-Osuna, Ricardo
/
Shipman, Tamra
/
Monteiro, Caio
/
Karappa, Virendra
JCDL'15: Proceedings of the 2015 ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital
Libraries
2015-06-21
p.187-190
© Copyright 2015 ACM
Summary: The Internet provides access to content in almost all languages through a
combination of crawling, indexing, and ranking capabilities. The ability to
locate content on almost any topic has become expected for most users. But it
is not the case for those whose primary language is a sign language. Members of
this community communicate via the Internet, but they pass around links to
videos via email and social media. In this paper, we describe the need for, the
architecture of, and initial software components of a distributed digital
library of sign language content, called SLaDL. Our initial efforts have been
to develop a model of collection development that enables community involvement
without assuming it. This goal necessitated the development of video processing
techniques that automatically detect sign language content in video.
Grading Degradation in an Institutionally Managed Repository
Poster & Demo Session
/
Meneses, Luis
/
Jayarathna, Sampath
/
Furuta, Richard
/
Shipman, Frank
JCDL'15: Proceedings of the 2015 ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital
Libraries
2015-06-21
p.263-264
© Copyright 2015 ACM
Summary: It is not unusual for digital collections to degrade and suffer from
problems associated with unexpected change. In an analysis of the ACM
conference list, we found that categorizing the degree of change affecting a
digital collection over time is a difficult task. More specifically, we found
that categorizing this degree of change is not a binary problem where documents
are either unchanged or they have changed so dramatically that they do not fit
within the scope of the collection. It is, in part, a characterization of the
intent of the change. In this work, we examine and categorize the various
degrees of change that digital documents endure within the boundaries of an
institutionally managed repository.
Exploring the Ownership and Persistent Value of Facebook Content
Politics and Social Networks
/
Marshall, Catherine C.
/
Shipman, Frank M.
Proceedings of ACM CSCW 2015 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative
Work and Social Computing
2015-02-28
v.1
p.712-723
© Copyright 2015 ACM
Summary: In this paper, we present the results of a study examining 244 participants'
attitudes about the value, ownership, and control of social network data. We
use Facebook-based scenarios to elicit reactions to hypothetical statements
about saving social network content that belongs to others, reusing,
repurposing, and monetizing social network data, and removing social network
content that is not specifically one's own. Participants also report on their
own practices in each of these areas. Findings not only address issues related
to ownership, but also explore the use of social networks as documentary
records, and the discrepancies between participants' perceptions of how they
would like their social network content to be used, and how it is actually
used.
An argument for archiving Facebook as a heterogeneous personal store
Preservation Strategies
/
Marshall, Catherine C.
/
Shipman, Frank M.
JCDL'14: Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital
Libraries
2014-09-08
p.11-20
Keywords: Facebook
Keywords: Internet
Keywords: Media
Keywords: Privacy
Keywords: Videos
Keywords: Facebook
Keywords: Social media
Keywords: archive
Keywords: historical research
Keywords: personal information
Keywords: social networks
© Copyright 2014 IEEE
Summary: A decade ago, the locus of activity for our digital belongings -- photos,
email, videos, documents, and the like -- was on our personal computers. Now
the situation is different. Not only is personal media born-digital, it may
also spend its entire life stored online in social media services and cloud
stores, and locally on portable devices. Studies have revealed that most people
lack the requisite skills to archive their digital belongings, regardless of
where they are stored; furthermore people value the context offered by these
large-scale, socially intertwined online stores. So why not archive the
contents of a major social media service like Facebook to ensure the permanence
of a meaningful portion of peoples' personal digital belongings? Rather than
being delighted by this idea, participants in a study of digital ownership have
expressed squeamishness about institutional efforts to archive social media:
Facebook is not only viewed as private and vulnerable to violations of content
ownership, but also as lacking long-term value. However, measures such as data
embargoes, aggregation, and permissions mitigate participants' fears and
objections to some extent. In this paper, we will use an example of
biographical research, coupled with the results of a recent study, to argue
that Facebook should be archived by a public institution.
PerCon: A personal digital library for heterogeneous data
Personal DL Design
/
Park, Su Inn
/
Shipman, Frank
JCDL'14: Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital
Libraries
2014-09-08
p.97-106
Keywords: Browsers
Keywords: Computer architecture
Keywords: Data analysis
Keywords: Data visualization
Keywords: Databases
Keywords: Libraries
Keywords: Visualization
Keywords: Heterogeneous data
Keywords: data analysis
Keywords: management
Keywords: mixed-initiative interaction
Keywords: spatial hypertext
Keywords: visual interpretation
© Copyright 2014 IEEE
Summary: Systems are needed to support access to and analysis of large heterogeneous
scientific datasets. We developed PerCon, a data management and analysis
environment, to support such activities. PerCon processes and integrates data
gathered via queries to existing data providers to create a personal digital
library of data. Users may then search, browse, visualize and annotate the data
as they proceed with analysis and interpretation. Interpretation in PerCon
takes place in a visual workspace in which multiple data visualizations and
annotations are placed into spatial arrangements based on the current task. The
system watches for patterns in the user's data selection and organization and
through mixed-initiative interaction assists users by suggesting potentially
relevant data from unexplored data sources. PerCon's data location and analysis
capabilities were evaluated in a controlled study with 24 users. Study
participants had to locate and analyze heterogeneous weather and river data
with and without the visual workspace and mixed-initiative interaction,
respectively. Results indicate that the visual workspace facilitated
information representation and aided in the identification of relationships
between datasets. The system's suggestions encouraged data exploration, leading
participants to identify more evidence of correlation among data streams and
more potential interactions among weather and river data.
Identifying Sign Language Videos in Video Sharing Sites
/
Shipman, Frank M.
/
Gutierrez-Osuna, Ricardo
/
Monteiro, Caio D. D.
ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing
2014-03
v.5
n.4
p.9
© Copyright 2014 ACM
Summary: Video sharing sites enable members of the sign language community to record
and share their knowledge, opinions, and worries on a wide range of topics. As
a result, these sites have formative digital libraries of sign language content
hidden within their large overall collections. This article explores the
problem of locating these sign language (SL) videos and presents techniques for
identifying SL videos in such collections. To determine the effectiveness of
existing text-based search for locating these SL videos, a series of queries
were issued to YouTube to locate SL videos on the top 10 news stories of 2011
according to Yahoo!. Overall precision for the first page of results (up to 20
results) was 42%. An approach for automatically detecting SL video is then
presented. Five video features considered likely to be of value were developed
using standard background modeling and face detection. The article compares the
results of an SVM classifier when given all permutations of these five
features. The results show that a measure of the symmetry of motion relative to
the face position provided the best performance of any single feature. When
tested against a challenging test collection that included many likely false
positives, an SVM provided with all five features achieved 82% precision and
90% recall. In contrast, the text-based search (queries with the topic terms
and "ASL" or "sign language") returned a significant portion of non-SL content
-- nearly half of all videos found. By our estimates, the application of
video-based filtering techniques such as the one proposed here would increase
precision from 42% for text-based queries up to 75%.
Mining user interest from search tasks and annotations
Poster session: IR track
/
Jayarathna, Sampath
/
Patra, Atish
/
Shipman, Frank
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge
Management
2013-10-27
p.1849-1852
© Copyright 2013 ACM
Summary: Interactive web search involves selecting which documents to read further
and locating the parts of the documents that are relevant to the user's current
activity. In this paper, we introduce UIMaP: User Interest Modeling and
Personalization, a search task based personal user interest model to support
users' information gathering tasks. The novelty of our approach lies in the use
of topic modeling to generate fine-grained models of user interest and
visualizations that direct user's attention to documents or parts of documents
that match user's inferred interests. User annotations are used to help
generate personalized visualizations for user's search tasks. Based on 1267
user annotations from 17 users, we show the performance comparisons of four
different topic models: LDA+H, LDA+KL, LDA+JSD, and LDA+TopN.
Restoring Semantically Incomplete Document Collections Using Lexical
Signatures
Preservation
/
Meneses, Luis
/
Barthwal, Himanshu
/
Singh, Sanjeev
/
Furuta, Richard
/
Shipman, Frank
TPDL 2013: Proceedings of the International Conference on Theory and
Practice of Digital Libraries
2013-09-22
p.321-332
Keywords: Semantic replacements; Web resource management; distributed collections
© Copyright 2013 Springer-Verlag
Summary: Unexpected changes create a problem when managing missing resources in a
digital collection. In decentralized and distributed collections such as
Walden's Paths, a missing point or an incomplete resource is of grave
importance as it can potentially interrupt the continuity in the narration and
render the collection semantically incomplete. We can foresee two possible
scenarios occurring when resources cannot be found. First, we have access to a
copy of the missing document or to its lexical signatures, which allows us to
find the missing resource. The second case is more interesting to us. What
happens if we don't have any valid metadata associated to the missing resource?
To solve this problem, we used the lexical signatures of valid documents within
a collection to find suitable replacements for absent resources. As results we
found that traditional similarity metrics do not adequately convey the
relationships between the elements in the collections. Our analyses also showed
that our procedures were able to restore the semantic integrity of incomplete
document collections.
Saving, reusing, and remixing web video: using attitudes and practices to
reveal social norms
Research papers
/
Marshall, Catherine C.
/
Shipman, Frank M.
Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on the World Wide Web
2013-05-13
v.1
p.885-896
© Copyright 2013 ACM
Summary: The growth of online videos has spurred a concomitant increase in the
storage, reuse, and remix of this content. As we gain more experience with
video content, social norms about ownership have evolved accordingly, spelling
out what people think is appropriate use of content that is not necessarily
their own. We use a series of three studies, each centering on a different
genre of recordings, to probe 634 participants' attitudes toward video storage,
reuse, and remix; we also question participants about their own experiences
with online video. The results allow us to characterize current practice and
emerging social norms and to establish the relationship between the two.
Hypotheticals borrowed from legal research are used as the primary vehicle for
testing attitudes, and for identifying boundaries between socially acceptable
and unacceptable behavior.
EDITED BOOK
Creativity and Rationale: Enhancing Human Experience by Design
Human-Computer Interaction Series 20
/
Carroll, John M.
2013
n.20
p.447
Springer London
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-4111-2
Creativity and Rationale: The Essential Tension (1-10)
+ Carroll, John M.
Critical Conversations: Feedback as a Stimulus to Creativity in Software Design (11-40)
+ McCall, Raymond
A Micro View of Design Reasoning: Two-Way Shifts Between Embodiment and Rationale (41-55)
+ Goldschmidt, Gabriela
Evaluating Creativity (57-84)
+ Candy, Linda
Integrating Design Representations for Creativity (85-104)
+ Sutcliffe, Alistair
Achieving Both Creativity and Rationale: Reuse in Design with Images and Claims (105-119)
+ McCrickard, D. Scott
+ Wahid, Shahtab
+ Branham, Stacy M.
+ et al
Predecessor Artifacts: Evolutionary Perspectives on a Reflective Conversation with Design Materials (121-141)
+ Mørch, Anders I.
The PRInCiPleS Design Framework (143-169)
+ Blevis, Eli
Using Rationale to Assist Student Cognitive and Intellectual Development (171-196)
+ Burge, Janet E.
+ Brinkman, Bo
Does Design Rationale Enhance Creativity? (197-222)
+ Wang, Jing
+ Farooq, Umer
+ Carroll, John M.
Promoting Group Creativity in Upstream Requirements Engineering (223-236)
+ Ocker, Rosalie J.
Supporting Awareness in Creative Group Work by Exposing Design Rationale (237-257)
+ Farooq, Umer
+ Carroll, John M.
Studying Humans to Inform Interactive Narrative Technology (259-272)
+ Magerko, Brian
Improvisation in the Cloud: Devised Theatre in Support of Problem-Finding (273-285)
+ Petrick, Irene J.
+ Ayoub, Phillip J.
+ Prindible, Matthew J.
The Practice Level in Participatory Design Rationale: Studying Practitioner Moves and Choices (287-325)
+ Selvin, Albert M.
+ Shum, Simon J. Buckingham
+ Aakhus, Mark
Managing Conflict in Information System Design Stakeholder Conferences: The Role of Transparency Work (327-351)
+ Aakhus, Mark
Mining Creativity Research to Inform Design Rationale in Open Source Communities (353-376)
+ Burleson, Winslow
+ Tripathi, Priyamvada
Creativity Meets Rationale: Collaboration Patterns for Social Innovation (377-404)
+ de Moor, Aldo
Patterns for Emergent Global Intelligence (405-422)
+ Thomas, John C.
Collaborative Design Rationale and Social Creativity in Cultures of Participation (423-447)
+ Fischer, Gerhard
+ Shipman, Frank
Visualizing history to improve users' location and comprehension of
collaborative work
Awareness & avatars -- visualizing speech, workflow & identity
/
Kim, DoHyoung
/
Shipman, Frank M., III
GROUP'12: International Conference on Supporting Group Work
2012-10-27
p.11-20
© Copyright 2012 ACM
Summary: Many applications place users into collaborations with unknown and distant
partners. Collaboration between participants in such environments is more
efficient if individuals can identify and understand the contributions of
others. A traditional approach to supporting such understanding within the CSCW
community is to record user activity for later access. Issues with this
approach include difficulties in locating activity of interest in large tasks
and that history is often recorded at a system-activity level instead of at a
human-activity level. To address these issues, this paper introduces CoActIVE,
a history mechanism that clusters records of user activity and extracts
keywords from manipulated content in an attempt to provide a human-level
representation of history. Multiple visualization techniques' based on this
processing were compared in their ability to improve users' location and
comprehension of the activity of others. The results show the combination of
clustering low level history events into activity segments and new
visualizations summarizing activity within a segment result in a significant
improvement over prior interfaces.
Design and evaluation of classifier for identifying sign language videos in
video sharing sites
Sign language
/
Monteiro, Caio D. D.
/
Gutierrez-Osuna, Ricardo
/
Shipman, Frank M.
Fourteenth Annual ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Assistive Technologies
2012-10-22
p.191-198
© Copyright 2012 ACM
Summary: Video sharing sites provide an opportunity for the collection and use of
sign language presentations about a wide range of topics. Currently, locating
sign language videos (SL videos) in such sharing sites relies on the existence
and accuracy of tags, titles or other metadata indicating the content is in
sign language. In this paper, we describe the design and evaluation of a
classifier for distinguishing between sign language videos and other videos. A
test collection of SL videos and videos likely to be incorrectly recognized as
SL videos (likely false positives) was created for evaluating alternative
classifiers. Five video features thought to be potentially valuable for this
task were developed based on common video analysis techniques. A comparison of
the relative value of the five video features shows that a measure of the
symmetry of movement relative to the face is the best feature for
distinguishing sign language videos. Overall, an SVM classifier provided with
all five features achieves 82% precision and 90% recall when tested on the
challenging test collection. The performance would be considerably higher when
applied to the more varied collections of large video sharing sites.
Identifying "Soft 404" Error Pages: Analyzing the Lexical Signatures of
Documents in Distributed Collections
Analysing and Enriching Documents
/
Meneses, Luis
/
Furuta, Richard
/
Shipman, Frank
TPDL 2012: Proceedings of the International Conference on Theory and
Practice of Digital Libraries
2012-09-23
p.197-208
Keywords: Soft 404; Web resource management; distributed collections
© Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag
Summary: Collections of Web-based resources are often decentralized; leaving the task
of identifying and locating removed resources to collection managers who must
rely on http response codes. When a resource is no longer available, the server
is supposed to return a 404 error code. In practice and to be friendlier to
human readers, many servers respond with a 200 OK code and indicate in the text
of the response that the document is no longer available. In the reported
study, 3.41% of servers respond in this manner. To help collection managers
identify these "friendly" or "soft" 404s, we developed two methods that use a
Naïve Bayes classifier based on known valid responses and known 404
responses. The classifier was able to predict soft 404 pages with a precision
of 99% and a recall of 92%. We will also elaborate on the results obtained from
our study and will detail the lessons learned.
Collaborative Authoring of Walden's Paths
Poster Papers
/
Li, Yuangling
/
Bogen, Paul Logasa, II
/
Pogue, Daniel
/
Furuta, Richard
/
Shipman, Frank
TPDL 2012: Proceedings of the International Conference on Theory and
Practice of Digital Libraries
2012-09-23
p.461-467
© Copyright 2012 Springer-Verlag
Summary: This paper presents a prototype of an authoring tool to allow users to
collaboratively build, annotate, manage, share and reuse collections of
distributed resources from the World Wide Web. This extends on the Walden's
Path project's work to help educators bring resources found on the World Wide
Web into a linear contextualized structure. The introduction of collaborative
authoring feature fosters collaborative learning activities through social
interaction among participants, where participants can coauthor paths in
groups. Besides, the prototype supports path sharing, branching and reusing;
specifically, individual participant can contribute to the group with private
collections of knowledge resources; paths completed by group can be shared
among group members, such that participants can tailor, extend, reorder and/or
replace nodes to have sub versions of shared paths for different information
needs.
On the institutional archiving of social media
Preservation
/
Marshall, Catherine C.
/
Shipman, Frank M.
JCDL'12: Proceedings of the 2012 Joint International Conference on Digital
Libraries
2012-06-10
p.1-10
© Copyright 2012 ACM
Summary: Social media records the thoughts and activities of countless cultures and
subcultures around the globe. Yet institutional efforts to archive social media
content remain controversial. We report on 988 responses across six surveys of
social media users that included questions to explore this controversy. The
quantitative and qualitative results show that the way people think about the
issue depends on how personal and ephemeral they view the content to be. They
use concepts such as creator privacy, content characteristics, technological
capabilities, perceived legal rights, and intrinsic social good to reason about
the boundaries of institutional social media archiving efforts.
A quantitative evaluation of techniques for detection of abnormal change
events in blogs
Data
/
Bogen, Paul L.
/
Furuta, Richard
/
Shipman, Frank
JCDL'12: Proceedings of the 2012 Joint International Conference on Digital
Libraries
2012-06-10
p.157-166
© Copyright 2012 ACM
Summary: While most digital collections have limited forms of change -- primarily
creation and deletion of additional resources -- there exists a class of
digital collections that undergoes additional kinds of change. These
collections are made up of resources that are distributed across the Internet
and brought together into a collection via hyperlinking. Resources in these
collections can be expected to change as time goes on. Part of the difficulty
in maintaining these collections is determining if a changed page is still a
valid member of the collection. Others have tried to address this problem by
measuring change and defining a maximum allowed threshold of change, however,
these methods treat all change as a potential problem and treat web content as
a static document despite its intrinsically dynamic nature. Instead, we
approach the significance of change on the web as a normal part of a web
document's life-cycle and determine the difference between what a maintainer
expects a page to do and what it actually does. In this work we evaluate the
different options for extractors and analyzers in order to determine the best
options from a suite of techniques. The evaluation used a human-generated
ground-truth set of blog changes. The results of this work showed a
statistically significant improvement over a range of traditional threshold
techniques when applied to our collection of tagged blog changes.
Digital Library 2.0 for Educational Resources
Technical Sessions
/
Akbar, Monika
/
Fan, Weiguo
/
Shaffer, Clifford A.
/
Chen, Yinlin
/
Cassel, Lillian N.
/
Delcambre, Lois M. L.
/
Garcia, Daniel D.
/
Hislop, Gregory W.
/
Shipman, Frank M., III
/
Furuta, Richard
/
Carpenter, B. Stephen, II
/
Hsieh, Hao-wei
/
Siegfried, Bob
/
Fox, Edward A.
TPDL 2011: Proceedings of the International Conference on Theory and
Practice of Digital Libraries
2011-09-26
p.89-100
Keywords: Digital Library 2.0; Computing Portal; Ensemble
© Copyright 2011 Springer-Verlag
Summary: We report on focus group feedback regarding the services provided by
existing education-related Digital Libraries (DL). Participants provided
insight into how they seek educational resources online, and what they perceive
to be the shortcomings of existing educational DLs. Along with useful content,
social interactions were viewed as important supplements for educational DLs.
Such interactions lead to both an online community and new forms of content
such as reviews and ratings. Based on our analysis of the focus group feedback,
we propose DL 2.0, the next generation of digital library, which integrates
social knowledge with DL content.
WPv4: A Re-imagined Walden's Paths to Support Diverse User Communities
Technical Sessions
/
Bogen, Paul Logasa, II
/
Pogue, Daniel
/
Poursardar, Faryaneh
/
Li, Yuangling
/
Furuta, Richard
/
Shipman, Frank
TPDL 2011: Proceedings of the International Conference on Theory and
Practice of Digital Libraries
2011-09-26
p.159-168
Keywords: Walden's Paths; Collaborative Authoring; Web Services; Computer-Aided
Education; Narrative Structures
© Copyright 2011 Springer-Verlag
Summary: The Walden's Paths Project, as part of our philosophy of continual
evaluation, actively seeks out user communities who may find our system to be
of interest. In the past few years we noticed a recurring trend of user issues,
needs, and sought-after features. In order to better support our users, we
initiated a redesign of Walden's Paths that not only solves these problems, but
enables us to perform more rapid prototyping and experimentation of new
features and interfaces. In order to accomplish these goals, we have created a
web service that handles the storage, modification, and representation of our
path data structures. This service is completely isolated from user interface
layers, allowing many different interface designs to be implemented on top of
the basic Walden's Paths data structures. We also present several prototype
interfaces -- Marginalia, CoWPaths, Walden's Drupal, PathCompiler v2, mWalden
-- that represent new areas in which we believe our ideas can be applied such
as collaborative work, location-aware services, large educational databases,
offline presentation, and mobile computing.
The ownership and reuse of visual media
How understanding rights impacts access and use
/
Marshall, Catherine C.
/
Shipman, Frank M.
JCDL'11: Proceedings of the 2011 Joint International Conference on Digital
Libraries
2011-06-13
p.157-166
© Copyright 2011 ACM
Summary: This paper presents the results of a study of the ownership and reuse of
visual media. A survey was administered to 250 social media-savvy respondents
to investigate their attitudes about saving, sharing, publishing, and removing
online photos; the survey also explored participants' current photo-sharing and
reuse practices, and their general expectations of photo reuse. Our probe of
respondent attitudes revealed that respondents felt: (1) people should be able
to save visual media, regardless of its source; (2) people have slightly less
right to reuse photos than they do to save them; (3) a photo's subject has a
slightly greater right than the photographer to reuse the photo in
non-commercial situations; (4) removal is controversial, but trends more
positive when it involves only metadata (e.g. tags); and (5) access to
institutional archives of personal photos is better deferred for 50 years.
Participants explained their own reuse of online photos in pragmatic terms that
included the nature of the content, the aim and circumstances of reuse, their
sense of the photo's original use, and their understanding of existing laws and
restrictions. In the abstract, the same general question revealed a 'reuse
paradox'; while respondents trust themselves to make this judgment, they do not
trust the reciprocal judgment of unknown others.
An analysis of personal collections among users of social media
Poster session
/
Bogen, Paul Logasa, II
/
Shipman, Frank
/
Furuta, Richard
JCDL'11: Proceedings of the 2011 Joint International Conference on Digital
Libraries
2011-06-13
p.417-418
© Copyright 2011 ACM
Summary: We have been developing a system to support the management of collections of
web-based resources called the Distributed Collection Manager (DCM). As work on
DCM has progressed, questions about the characteristics of people's collections
of web pages have arisen. Simultaneously, work in the area of social media
technology has ignored investigating how people are trying to maintain their
collections. In order to address these concerns, we performed an online user
study of 125 individuals from a variety of online and offline communities. From
this study we were able to examine the needs for a system to manage web-based
distributed collections, how current tools affect maintenance, and the
characteristics of current practices and problems in maintaining web-based
collections.
WPv4: a re-imagined Walden's paths to support diverse user communities
Poster session
/
Bogen, Paul Logasa, II
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Pogue, Daniel
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Poursardar, Faryaneh
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Li, Yuangling
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Furuta, Richard
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Shipman, Frank
JCDL'11: Proceedings of the 2011 Joint International Conference on Digital
Libraries
2011-06-13
p.419-420
© Copyright 2011 ACM
Summary: The Walden's Paths Project, as part of our philosophy of continual
evaluation, seeks out user communities who may find our tool useful. However,
our users, in the last few years, have reported a series of common issues and
desired features. In order to support our users, we initiated a redesign of
Walden's Paths to solve these problems and enable us to rapidly prototype and
experiment with features and interfaces. In order to accomplish these goals, we
have created a web service that handles the storage and representation of our
Path data structure. This service is isolated from user interface layers,
allowing multiple interface designs to be implemented on top of the same Path
data structures. Our prototype interfaces also represent new areas for Paths
such as collaborative work, offline presentation, and mobile computing.
Social media ownership: using Twitter as a window onto current attitudes and
beliefs
Microblogging behavior
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Marshall, Catherine C.
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Shipman, Frank M.
Proceedings of ACM CHI 2011 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
2011-05-07
v.1
p.1081-1090
© Copyright 2011 ACM
Summary: Social media, by its very nature, introduces questions about ownership.
Ownership comes into play most crucially when we investigate how social media
is saved or archived; how it is reused; and whether it can be removed or
deleted. We investigate these social media ownership issues using a Mechanical
Turk survey of Twitter users; the survey uses open-ended questions and
statements of belief about realistic Twitter-based scenarios to give us a
window onto current attitudes and beliefs. Our findings reveal that respondents
take a liberal attitude toward saving and storing the tweets that they
encounter. More caution is exercised with republishing the material, and still
more with sharing the material among friends and associates. Respondents
approach removal of this type of lightweight social media most cautiously. The
material's provenance and the respondents' relationship to the material
(whether they are the author or subject) has considerable bearing on what they
feel they can do with it.
