User Reviews and Language: How Language Influences Ratings
Late-Breaking Works: Collaborative Technologies
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Hale, Scott A.
Extended Abstracts of the ACM CHI'16 Conference on Human Factors in
Computing Systems
2016-05-07
v.2
p.1208-1214
© Copyright 2016 ACM
Summary: The number of user reviews of tourist attractions, restaurants, mobile apps,
etc. is increasing for all languages; yet, research is lacking on how reviews
in multiple languages should be aggregated and displayed. Speakers of different
languages may have consistently different experiences, e.g., different
information available in different languages at tourist attractions or
different user experiences with software due to
internationalization/localization choices. This paper assesses the similarity
in the ratings given by speakers of different languages to London tourist
attractions on TripAdvisor. The correlations between different languages are
generally high, but some language pairs are more correlated than others. The
results question the common practice of computing average ratings from reviews
in many languages.
Cross-language Wikipedia Editing of Okinawa, Japan
Activism in Wikipedia & Beyond
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Hale, Scott A.
Proceedings of the ACM CHI'15 Conference on Human Factors in Computing
Systems
2015-04-18
v.1
p.183-192
© Copyright 2015 ACM
Summary: This article analyzes users who edit Wikipedia articles about Okinawa,
Japan, in English and Japanese. It finds these users are among the most active
and dedicated users in their primary languages, where they make many large,
high-quality edits. However, when these users edit in their non-primary
languages, they tend to make edits of a different type that are overall smaller
in size and more often restricted to the narrow set of articles that exist in
both languages. Design changes to motivate wider contributions from users in
their non-primary languages and to encourage multilingual users to transfer
more information across language divides are presented.
Global connectivity and multilinguals in the Twitter network
Multilingual communication
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Hale, Scott A.
Proceedings of ACM CHI 2014 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
2014-04-26
v.1
p.833-842
© Copyright 2014 ACM
Summary: This article analyzes the global connectivity of the Twitter retweet and
mentions network and the role of multilingual users engaging with content in
multiple languages. The network is heavily structured by language with most
mentions and retweets directed to users writing in the same language. Users
writing in multiple languages are more active, authoring more tweets than
monolingual users. These multilingual users play an important bridging role in
the global connectivity of the network. The mean level of insularity from
speakers in each language does not correlate straightforwardly with the size of
the user base as predicted by previous research. Finally, the English language
does play more of a bridging role than other languages, but the role played
collectively by multilingual users across different languages is the largest
bridging force in the network.
Okinawa in Japanese and English wikipedia
Student research competition
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Hale, Scott A.
Proceedings of ACM CHI 2014 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
2014-04-26
v.2
p.927-932
© Copyright 2014 ACM
Summary: This research analyzes edits by foreign-language users in Wikipedia articles
about Okinawa, Japan, in the Japanese and English editions of the encyclopedia.
Okinawa, home to both English and Japanese speaking users, provides a good case
to look at content differences and cross-language editing in a small geographic
area on Wikipedia. Consistent with prior work, this research finds large
differences in the representations of Okinawa in the content of the two
editions. The number of users crossing the language boundary to edit both
editions is also extremely small. When users do edit in a non-primary language,
they most frequently edit articles that have cross-language (interwiki) links,
articles that are edited more by other users, and articles that have more
images. Finally, the possible value of edits from foreign-language users and
design possibilities to motivate wider contributions from foreign-language
users are discussed.
Impact of platform design on cross-language information exchange
Student research
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Hale, Scott
Extended Abstracts of ACM CHI'12 Conference on Human Factors in Computing
Systems
2012-05-05
v.2
p.1363-1368
© Copyright 2012 ACM
Summary: This paper describes two case studies examining the impact of platform
design on cross-language communications. The sharing of off-site hyperlinks
between language editions of Wikipedia and between users on Twitter with
different languages in their user descriptions are analyzed and compared in the
context of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan. The paper finds
that a greater number of links are shared across languages on Twitter, while a
higher percentage of links are shared between Wikipedia articles. The higher
percentage of links being shared on Wikipedia is attributed to the persistence
of links and the ability for users to link articles on the same topic together
across languages.
Application of the Subjective Workload Assessment Technique to Aviation Test
and Evaluation
TEST AND EVALUATION: Evaluation of Test and Evaluation Methodologies
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Hale, Steven
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Piccione, Dino
Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting
1992-10-12
v.2
p.1185-1189
© Copyright 1992 Human Factors Society
Summary: A study was performed to assess pilot workload associated with the
employment of an air-to-air weapon system integrated onto an attack helicopter.
Mental workload was assessed using the Subjective Workload Assessment Technique
(SWAT). Pilots performed simulated engagements against an airborne target
under varying conditions of engagement type, time of day, target background,
and target range. The results indicated significant differences in SWAT
ratings as a function of time of day and engagement type. To a lesser degree,
SWAT ratings were also sensitive to changes in target background and range.
These results are consistent with laboratory and simulation studies which have
shown SWAT to be sensitive to changes in task demand and further demonstrate
the utility of SWAT for assessing operator workload in the less structured test
and evaluation environment.
