%M C.HYPER.09.1
%T The social hyperlink
%S Keynote 1
%A Adamic, Lada A.
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 1-2
%K online communities, social networks
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557916
%X Online, hyperlinks connect not just related information, but people who
relate to one another. In this talk I will discuss the many dimensions and uses
of the social hyperlink across a variety of online communities. Sometimes it is
the information that brings the people together, as they are seeking answers to
questions, or seeking to answer questions. In online question and answer
forums, hyperlinks record a fleeting social interaction, an information
exchange. In other instances, for example, in virtual worlds, social hyperlinks
may be conduits for social influence, direct transfer of information, or even
the sharing of virtual goods. Occasionally, an online tie is established in
order to navigate the real world, or more specifically, find a real couch to
sleep on. This of course takes a good deal of trust -- trust that is expressed
in hyperlinks.

%M C.HYPER.09.3
%T Relating content through web usage
%S Keynote 2
%A Baeza-Yates, Ricardo
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 3-4
%K crowd computing, relating content, web usage
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557918
%X Relating content is important in any document base, for example to
automatically create hyperlinks. Classical techniques to relate Web content
include text mining and link analysis. However, a more powerful source for
semantically connecting two Web pages is user behavior. In this short summary
we categorize existing approaches that use what people do in the Web to relate
content and we discuss the issues and the research problems associated with
this idea.

%M C.HYPER.09.5
%T On hypertext narrative
%S Hypertext structure and usage
%A Bernstein, Mark
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 5-14
%K fiction, hypertext narrative, patterns, stretchtext
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557920
%X Annals and chronicles may be the foundation of accounting, but writers of
stories and histories have long known that they seldom render a satisfactory
account of complex events. In place of a simple chronological list, narrative
instead organizes our account in new sequences in order to illuminate the
interplay of actors and events. We want hypertext narrative to do things we
cannot achieve in print; though we may occasionally use links to introduce
variation in presentation or in story; it is now clear that hypertext will most
frequently prove useful in changing (or adapting) plot. After discussing the
ways in which plot may be varied, I describe the use of stretchtext as a
reaction against the perceived incoherence of classic hypertext narrative,
demonstrate the limitations that conventional stretchtext necessarily imposes
on hypertext narrative, and describe an implemented generalization of
stretchtext that matches the expressive and formal capabilities of classical
hypertext systems while appearing to be a mere stretchtext and while running
within the confines of a Web browser.

%M C.HYPER.09.15
%T Bringing your dead links back to life: a comprehensive approach and lessons
learned
%S Hypertext structure and usage
%A Morishima, Atsuyuki
%A Nakamizo, Akiyoshi
%A Iida, Toshinari
%A Sugimoto, Shigeo
%A Kitagawa, Hiroyuki
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 15-24
%K broken links, integrity management
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557921
%X This paper presents an experimental study of the automatic correction of
broken (dead) Web links focusing, in particular, on links broken by the
relocation of Web pages. Our first contribution is that we developed an
algorithm that incorporates a comprehensive set of heuristics, some of which
are novel, in a single unified framework. The second contribution is that we
conducted a relatively large-scale experiment, and analysis of our results
revealed the characteristics of the problem of finding moved Web pages. We
demonstrated empirically that the problem of searching for moved pages is
different from typical information retrieval problems. First, it is impossible
to identify the final destination until the page is moved, so the index-server
approach is not necessarily effective. Secondly, there is a large bias about
where the new address is likely to be and crawler-based solutions can be
effectively implemented, avoiding the need to search the entire Web. We
analyzed the experimental results in detail to show how important each
heuristic is in real Web settings, and conducted statistical analyses to show
that our algorithm succeeds in correctly finding new links for more than 70% of
broken links at 95% confidence level.

%M C.HYPER.09.25
%T The dynamics of personal territories on the web
%S Hypertext structure and usage
%A Beauvisage, Thomas
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 25-34
%K browsing behaviors, traffic analysis, usage territories, user-centric
traffic data, web usage mining
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557922
%X In this paper, we present a long-term study of user-centric Web traffic data
collected in 2000-2002 and 2005-2006 from two large representative panels of
French Internet users. Our work focuses on the dynamics of personal territories
on the Web and their evolution between 2000 and 2006. At the session level, we
distinguish four profiles of browsing dynamics in 2005-2006, and point out the
growing dichotomy between straight routine sessions and exploratory browsing.
At a global level, we observe that although each individual's corpus of visited
sites is permanently growing, his browsing practices are structured around
routine well-known sites which operate as links providers to new sites. We
argue that this tension between the known and the unknown is constitutive of
Web practices and is a fundamental property of personal Web territories.

%M C.HYPER.09.35
%T HyperSea: towards a spatial hypertext environment for web 2.0 content
%S Spatial information organization
%A Styliaras, Georgios D. P.
%A Christodoulou, Sotiris P.
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 35-44
%K hypertext structure, spatial hypertext, web 2.0 content
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557924
%X In this paper, we present HyperSea, an environment for importing, organizing
and interacting with web 2.0 content. The environment is based mainly on
previous research on hypertext systems, spatial hypertext and it tries to
overcome presentation limitations of today's popular web 2.0 applications.
Content is structured as islands and nodes which may be interlinked and
characterized by various levels of visual cues, according to its type and
origin. As the resulting content is structured, HyperSea may support
alternative views and search operations over it. We present an extensive
case-study for illustrating functionality and we organize some future work.

%M C.HYPER.09.45
%T Comparing spatial hypertext collections
%S Spatial information organization
%A Matias, J. Nathan
%A Williams, David P.
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 45-50
%K collaboration, comparison, model merging, shywiki, sidiff, spatial
hypertext, tinderbox, version management, vkb, vue, webspiration
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557925
%X This paper proposes an approach to comparison of spatial hypertext
collections which avoids becoming entangled in complexities of version
management and merging. We also propose and illustrate principles for
presenting comparisons of spatial hypertext without losing important implicit
information.
   We argue that multiple view options, distinct areas for different
collections, and dependency lists are all necessary if comparison is to retain
the kinds of meaning fundamentally important to spatial hypertext.

%M C.HYPER.09.51
%T Towards a constructivist approach to learning from hypertext
%S Spatial information organization
%A AlAgha, Iyad
%A Burd, Liz
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 51-56
%K adaptable hypertext, constructivism, hypertext layering, knowledge
construction, meta-cognitive tool, navigation planning
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557926
%X How to help learners construct knowledge from hypertext and plan a
navigation process on the Web are important issues in Web based learning. To
provide solutions to these issues, this paper presents Knowledge Puzzle, a tool
for knowledge construction from the Web. Its main contribution to Web-based
learning is the personalization of information structure on the Web to cope
with the knowledge structure in the learner's mind. Self-directed learners will
be able to adapt the path of instruction on the Web to their way of thinking,
regardless of how the Web content is delivered. The way to achieve that is to
provide learners with a meta-cognitive tool that enables them to bring
knowledge gained from the Web to the surface and visualize what they have in
mind. Once we get the learner's viewpoint externalized, it will be converted to
a hypermedia layer that will be laid over the Web pages visited by the learner.
The attached layer adapts the views of Web pages to the learner's information
needs by associating information pieces that are not already linked in
hyperspace and attaching the learner's notes to the page content. Finally, a
hypertext version of the whole constructed knowledge is produced to enable fast
and easy reviewing.

%M C.HYPER.09.57
%T Supporting daily scrum meetings with change structure
%S Spatial information organization
%A Rubart, Jessica
%A Freykamp, Frank
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 57-62
%K change link, change structure, cooperative hypermedia, daily scrum meeting,
knowledge management, scrum, spatial hypertext, task board, task management
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557927
%X A flexible cooperative task board for supporting daily scrum meetings is
described as an application of different hypermedia domains. In addition,
change structure is introduced as a means to explicitly model changes in task
management. It helps the scrum development team in a sprint retrospective to
improve their planning.

%M C.HYPER.09.63
%T Comparing the performance of us college football teams in the web and on the
field
%S Information access
%A Klein, Martin
%A Hunsicker, Olena
%A Nelson, Michael L.
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 63-72
%K correlation, ranking, real world objects, search engines
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557929
%X In previous research it has been shown that link-based web page metrics can
be used to predict experts' assessment of quality. We are interested in a
related question: do expert rankings of real-world entities correlate with
search engine (SE) rankings of corresponding web resources? To answer this
question we compared rankings of college football teams in the US with rankings
of their associated web resources. We looked at the weekly polls released by
the Associated Press (AP) and USA Today Coaches Poll. Both rank the top 25
teams according to the aggregated expertise of sports writers and college
football coaches. For the entire 2008 season (8/2008 { 1/2009), we compared the
ranking of teams (top 10 and top 25) according to the polls with the rankings
of one to eight URLs associated with each team in Google, Live Search and
Yahoo. We found moderate to high correlations between the final rankings of
2007 and the SE ranking in mid 2008 but the correlation between the polls and
the SEs steadily decreased as the season went on. We believe this is because
the rankings in the web graph (as reported via SEs) have "inertia" and do not
rapidly fluctuate as do the teams' on the field fortunes.

%M C.HYPER.09.73
%T Improving recommender systems with adaptive conversational strategies
%S Information access
%A Mahmood, Tariq
%A Ricci, Francesco
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 73-82
%K adaptivity, conversational recommender systems, markov decision process,
reinforcement learning, user study
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557930
%X Conversational recommender systems (CRSs) assist online users in their
information-seeking and decision making tasks by supporting an interactive
process. Although these processes could be rather diverse, CRSs typically
follow a fixed strategy, e.g., based on critiquing or on iterative query
reformulation. In a previous paper, we proposed a novel recommendation model
that allows conversational systems to autonomously improve a fixed strategy and
eventually learn a better one using reinforcement learning techniques. This
strategy is optimal for the given model of the interaction and it is adapted to
the users' behaviors. In this paper we validate our approach in an online CRS
by means of a user study involving several hundreds of testers. We show that
the optimal strategy is different from the fixed one, and supports more
effective and efficient interaction sessions.

%M C.HYPER.09.83
%T HMNews: an integrated system for searching and browsing hypermedia news
content
%S Information access
%A Montagnuolo, Maurizio
%A Ferri, Marco
%A Messina, Alberto
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 83-88
%K data mashup, news retrieval, topic detection and tracking
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557931
%X We describe HMNews (Hyper-Media News), a system designed and implemented for
the collection, indexing and retrieval of hypermedia news content coming from
Digital Television and the Web. The novelty of the approach relies in the
ability of providing hierarchical and multi-resolution multimodal indexes based
on the application of a novel generalised hybrid clustering technique. The
system supports many functionalities: a) bi-directional news conceptual
linking; b) relevant topics detection and tracking; c) integrated hypermedia
browsing; d) integrated search and retrieval.

%M C.HYPER.09.89
%T The scalable hyperlink store
%S Link analysis
%A Najork, Marc
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 89-98
%K hyperlink database, scalability, web graph
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557933
%X This paper describes the Scalable Hyperlink Store, a distributed in-memory
"database" for storing large portions of the web graph. SHS is an enabler for
research on structural properties of the web graph as well as new link-based
ranking algorithms. Previous work on specialized hyperlink databases focused on
finding efficient compression algorithms for web graphs. By contrast, this work
focuses on the systems issues of building such a database. Specifically, it
describes how to build a hyperlink database that is fast, scalable,
fault-tolerant, and incrementally updateable.

%M C.HYPER.09.99
%T Scholarly research process: investigating the effects of link type and
directionality
%S Link analysis
%A Alford, Mark Leslie
%A Mendes, Emilia
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 99-108
%K bi-directional links, hypertext, links, scholarly research process,
scholarly writing process, typed links
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557934
%X Hypertext research has discovered new ways to explore, represent and
visualise data and has led to many improvements in the usability and usefulness
of systems. However, in the field of scholarly writing research, several
studies discuss the need for improving the current state of affairs
[18][24][29]. This research aimed to investigate whether typed and/or
bi-directional links have an effect on users' performance and confidence when
undertaking a literature survey [18], considered one of the phases of a
scholarly writing process [29]. Two empirical studies were conducted -- a
survey and a formal experiment, and results showed that both typed and
bi-directional links had significant effect on users' performance and
confidence when undertaking common early scholarly writing tasks, specifically
benefiting tasks relating to surveying existing literature.

%M C.HYPER.09.109
%T Relating web pages to enable information-gathering tasks
%S Link analysis
%A Bagchi, Amitabha
%A Lahoti, Garima
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 109-118
%K authorities, hubs, information gathering, network flow, related pages,
similarity measures
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557935
%X We argue that relationships between Web pages are functions of the user's
intent. We identify a class of Web tasks -- information-gathering -- that can
be facilitated by providing links to pages related to the page the user is
currently viewing. We define three kinds of intentional relationships that
correspond to whether the user is a) seeking sources of information, b) reading
pages which provide information, or c) surfing through pages as part of an
extended information-gathering process. We show that these three relationships
can be mined using a combination of textual and link information and provide
three scoring mechanisms that correspond to them: SeekRel, FactRel and SurfRel.
These scoring mechanisms incorporate both textual and link information. We
build a set of capacitated subnetworks, each corresponding to a particular
keyword. Scores are computed by computing flows on these subnetworks. The
capacities of the links are derived from the hub and authority values of the
nodes they connect, following the work of Kleinberg (1998) on assigning
authority to pages in hyperlinked environments. We evaluated our scoring
mechanism by running experiments on four data sets taken from the Web. We
present user evaluations of the relevance of the top results returned by our
scoring mechanisms and compare those to the top results returned by Google's
Similar Pages feature, and the Companion algorithm (Dean and Henzinger, 1999).

%M C.HYPER.09.119
%T Dynamic hypertext generation for reusing open corpus content
%S Applications
%A Steichen, Ben
%A Lawless, Séamus
%A O'Connor, Alexander
%A Wade, Vincent
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 119-128
%K adaptation, hypertext generation, metadata generation, open corpus content,
personalisation
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557937
%X Adaptive hypermedia systems traditionally focus on providing personalised
learning services for formal or informal learners. The learning material is
typically sourced from a proprietary set of closed corpus content. A
fundamental problem with this type of architecture is the need for handcrafted
learning objects, enriched with considerable amounts of metadata. The challenge
of generating adaptive and personalised hypertext presentations from open
source content promises a dramatic improvement of the choice of information
shown to the learner. This paper proposes an architecture of such a dynamic
hypertext generation system and its use in an authentic learning environment.
The system is evaluated in terms of educational benefit, as well as the
satisfaction of the users testing the system. Concluding from this evaluation,
the paper will explore the future work necessary to further enhance the system
performance and learning experience.

%M C.HYPER.09.129
%T 2LIPGarden: 3D hypermedia for everyone
%S Applications
%A Jankowski, Jacek
%A Irzynska, Izabela
%A McDaniel, Bill
%A Decker, Stefan
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 129-134
%K 2LIP, 2LIPGarden, 3D hypermedia, 3D navigation, 3D web, copernicus,
hyper-storytelling, publish, transparency
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557938
%X The early Web was hailed for being easy to use, and what is more important,
giving people a chance to participate in its growth. The Web3D was believed to
have potential to be the next step in the Web's evolution, since it could
benefit from graphics hardware and provide users with new and exciting
experiences. Nevertheless, Virtual Reality Markup Language (VRML), the first
Web3D standard, and its successor X3D, did not generate commercial success.
These languages were excessively complex for average Internet users.
   In this paper, we propose 2LIPGarden, a 3D Hypermedia publishing framework
that lets individuals who only know basic HTML -- those same enthusiasts who
could write pages for the early Web -- create simple, easy to use yet
interactive 3D web pages. Our framework builds upon 2-Layer Interface Paradigm
(2LIP), an attempt to marry advantages of 3D experience with the advantages of
narrative structure of hypertext. We introduce c-link to HTML, a new type of
hyperlink, which connects text with its 3D visualization.

%M C.HYPER.09.135
%T Using a thematic model to enrich photo montages
%S Applications
%A Hargood, Charlie
%A Millard, David E.
%A Weal, Mark J.
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 135-140
%K folksonomies, narrative, narrative generation, thematics
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557939
%X Narrative systems attempt to present users with media collections that
include some element of structure or story, however these collections can lack
an authorial voice and seem bland as a result. In this paper we explore how
themes could be used to enrich automatically generated narratives, and describe
how a system which generated story selections in the form of photo montages was
developed using a thematic model of narrative. This was achieved by selecting
narrative atoms, in this case photographs, from a selection of images on a
specific subject with relevance to a desired theme. Our pilot study shows that
our thematic system selects images with greater relevance to desired titles,
and that the positive impact of thematic selection increases when the images
are presented together. We hope that our thematic work will inform others
working on narrative systems, and will lead to richer automated narratives.

%M C.HYPER.09.141
%T Collaborative time-based case work
%S Applications
%A Bohøj, Morten
%A Bouvin, Niels Olof
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 141-146
%K temporal hypermedia, timeline
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557940
%X We explore in this paper using timelines to represent bureaucratic processes
in a municipal setting. The system described herein enables citizens and case
workers to collaborate over the application for and configuration of parental
leave, which is a highly involved process under Danish law.

%M C.HYPER.09.147
%T From XML inclusions to XML transclusions
%S Content analysis
%A Di Iorio, Angelo
%A Lumley, John
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 147-156
%K composite documents, hot-links, transclusions, xml inclusions, xslt
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557942
%X Modularized documents, composed of fragments from multiple sources, provide
users high maintainability and reuse. In the world of XML, powerful and
widely-supported solutions exist to create such documents. Surprisingly enough,
a lot of interesting features -- especially those envisioned by the pioneers of
the hypermedia community -- are still missing for XML inclusions. The goal of
this paper is to investigate these issues and identify possible improvements in
this area. Our main inspiration is the Xanadu project and the concept of
transclusions. This paper proposes an enhanced model to describe and interact
with XML inclusions. We identify multiple classes of inclusions and multiple
views of multi-source documents. Particular attention is also given to the idea
of making inclusions transparent to both users and applications. An engine
producing composite documents, with rich information about inclusions, and a
viewer for modularized XML documents are presented as well.

%M C.HYPER.09.157
%T Interpreting the layout of web pages
%S Content analysis
%A Francisco-Revilla, Luis
%A Crow, Jeff
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 157-166
%K adaptive hypermedia, assistive technology, modular layouts, sighted users,
spatial hypermedia, visually impaired users
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557943
%X Web pages such as news and shopping sites often use modular layouts. When
used effectively this practice allows authors to present clearly large amounts
of information in a single page. However, while sighted people can visually
parse and understand these complex layouts in seconds, current assistive
technologies such as screen readers cannot. This puts visually impaired users
at a great disadvantage. In order to design better assistive technologies, we
conducted a study of how people interpret modular layouts of news and shopping
Web pages. The study revealed that when the layout complexity increases, the
interpretation process gets longer and the reading gets more varied. Also,
before looking at the main content, users first frame the Web page by looking
for familiar structural elements that can be used as references and entry
points. These elements include navigational bars, search boxes, and ads. This
implies that assistive technologies can reduce the time required to frame the
pages if they help users identify reference points and entry points.

%M C.HYPER.09.167
%T Extracting semantic annotations from legal texts
%S Content analysis
%A Lesmo, Leonardo
%A Mazzei, Alessandro
%A Radicioni, Daniele P.
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 167-172
%K automatic information extraction, legal hypertext, semantic tagging
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557944
%X This paper illustrates a system designed to automatically extract semantic
annotations of the normative modifications present in legal texts. The work
relies on a deep parsing approach. The problem of semantically annotating legal
texts is cast to the problem of mapping parse trees to semantic frames
representing such modifications. We report a preliminary experimentation along
with the dataset employed, and discuss the results to point out future
improvements.

%M C.HYPER.09.173
%T What's in a session: tracking individual behavior on the web
%S Tracking and exploiting user behavior
%A Meiss, Mark
%A Duncan, John
%A Gonçalves, Bruno
%A Ramasco, José J.
%A Menczer, Filippo
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 173-182
%K click stream, navigation, popularity, web session, web traffic
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557946
%X We examine the properties of all HTTP requests generated by a thousand
undergraduates over a span of two months. Preserving user identity in the data
set allows us to discover novel properties of Web traffic that directly affect
models of hypertext navigation. We find that the popularity of Web sites -- the
number of users who contribute to their traffic -- lacks any intrinsic mean and
may be unbounded. Further, many aspects of the browsing behavior of individual
users can be approximated by log-normal distributions even though their
aggregate behavior is scale-free. Finally, we show that users' click streams
cannot be cleanly segmented into sessions using timeouts, affecting any attempt
to model hypertext navigation using statistics of individual sessions. We
propose a strictly logical definition of sessions based on browsing activity as
revealed by referrer URLs; a user may have several active sessions in their
click stream at any one time. We demonstrate that applying a timeout to these
logical sessions affects their statistics to a lesser extent than a purely
timeout-based mechanism.

%M C.HYPER.09.183
%T Individual and social behavior in tagging systems
%S Tracking and exploiting user behavior
%A Santos-Neto, Elizeu
%A Condon, David
%A Andrade, Nazareno
%A Iamnitchi, Adriana
%A Ripeanu, Matei
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 183-192
%K interest sharing, random null model, tag reuse, tagging
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557947
%X In tagging systems users can annotate items of interest with free-form
terms. A good understanding of usage characteristics of such systems is
necessary to improve the design of current and next generation of tagging
systems. To this end, this work explores three aspects of user behavior in
CiteULike and Connotea, two systems that include tagging features to support
online personalized management of scientific publications. First, this study
characterizes the degree to which users re-tag previously published items and
reuse tags: 10 to 20% of the daily activity can be characterized as re-tagging
and about 75% of the activity as tag reuse. Second, we use the pairwise
similarity between users' activity to characterize the interest sharing in the
system. We present the interest sharing distribution across the system, show
that this metric encodes information about existing usage patterns, and attempt
to correlate interest sharing levels to indicators of collaboration such as
co-membership in discussion groups and semantic similarity of tag vocabularies.
Finally, we show that interest sharing leads to an implicit structure that
exhibit a natural segmentation. Throughout the paper we discuss the potential
impact of our findings on the design of mechanisms that support tagging
systems.

%M C.HYPER.09.193
%T Games with a purpose for social networking platforms
%S Tracking and exploiting user behavior
%A Rafelsberger, Walter
%A Scharl, Arno
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 193-198
%K application framework, games with a purpose, sentiment detection, social
networking platforms
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557948
%X The online games market has matured in recent years. It is now a
multi-billion dollar business with hundreds of millions players worldwide. At
the same time, social networking platforms have witnessed unprecedented growth
rates and increasingly offer developer interfaces to leverage and extend their
built-in core functionality. Benefiting from these trends, games with a purpose
are a proven way of leveraging the wisdom of the crowds to address tasks that
are trivial for humans but still not solvable by computer algorithms in a
satisfying manner. This paper presents an application framework to develop
interactive games with a purpose on top of social networking platforms,
suitable for deployment in both mobile and Web-based environments. A set of
analytic tools helps to evaluate the results and to pre-process the gathered
data for use in external applications.

%M C.HYPER.09.199
%T Social search and discovery using a unified approach
%S Social search
%A Amitay, Einat
%A Carmel, David
%A Har'El, Nadav
%A Ofek-Koifman, Shila
%A Soffer, Aya
%A Yogev, Sivan
%A Golbandi, Nadav
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 199-208
%K enterprise search, multifaceted search, social search
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557950
%X This research explores new ways to augment the search and discovery of
relations between Web 2.0 entities using multiple types and sources of social
information. Our goal is to allow the search for all object types such as
documents, persons and tags, while retrieving related objects of all types. We
implemented a social-search engine using a unified approach, where the search
space is expanded to represent heterogeneous information objects that are
interrelated by several relation types. Our solution is based on multifaceted
search, which provides an efficient update mechanism for relations between
objects, as well as efficient search over the heterogeneous data. We describe a
social search engine positioned within a large enterprise, applied over social
data gathered from several Web 2.0 applications. We conducted a large user
study with over 600 people to evaluate the contribution of social data for
search. Our results demonstrate the high precision of social search results and
confirm the strong relationship of users and tags to the topics retrieved.

%M C.HYPER.09.209
%T Context-based ranking in folksonomies
%S Social search
%A Abel, Fabian
%A Baldoni, Matteo
%A Baroglio, Cristina
%A Henze, Nicola
%A Krause, Daniel
%A Patti, Viviana
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 209-218
%K adaptation, context, folksonomies, ranking, search, social media
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557951
%X With the advent of Web 2.0 tagging became a popular feature. People tag
diverse kinds of content, e.g. products at Amazon, music at Last.fm, images at
Flickr, etc. Clicking on a tag enables the users to explore related content. In
this paper we investigate how such tag-based queries, initialized by the
clicking activity, can be enhanced with automatically produced contextual
information so that the search result better fits to the actual aims of the
user. We introduce the SocialHITS algorithm and present an experiment where we
compare different algorithms for ranking users, tags, and resources in a
contextualized way.

%M C.HYPER.09.219
%T RichVSM: enRiched vector space models for folksonomies
%S Social search
%A Abbasi, Rabeeh
%A Staab, Steffen
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 219-228
%K folksonomies, information retrieval, search, smoothing, sparseness
reduction, tagging, vector space model, vector space models
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557952
%X People share millions of resources (photos, bookmarks, videos, etc.) in
Folksonomies (like Flickr, Delicious, Youtube, etc.). To access and share
resources, they add keywords called tags to the resources. As the tags are
freely chosen keywords, it might not be possible for users to tag their
resources with all the relevant tags. As a result, many resources lack
sufficient number of relevant tags. The lack of relevant tags results into
sparseness of data, and this sparseness of data makes many relevant resources
unsearchable against user queries.
   In this paper, we explore two dimensions of semantic relationships between
tags, based on the context and the distribution of tags. We exploit semantic
relationships between tags to reduce sparseness in Folksonomies and propose
different enriched vector space models. We also propose a vector space model
Best of Breed which utilizes appropriate enrichment method based on the type of
the query. We evaluate the proposed methods on a large dataset of 27 million
resources, 92 thousand tags and 94 million tag assignments. Experimental
results show that the enriched vector space models help in improving search,
especially for the rare queries which have few relevant resources in the sparse
data.

%M C.HYPER.09.229
%T Hyperincident connected components of tagging networks
%S Networks properties
%A Neubauer, Nicolas
%A Obermayer, Klaus
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 229-238
%K connected components, spam detection, tagging
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557954
%X Data created by social bookmarking systems can be described as 3-partite
3-uniform hypergraphs connecting documents, users, and tags (tagging networks),
such that the toolbox of complex network analysis can be applied to examine
their properties. One of the most basic tools, the analysis of connected
components, however cannot be applied meaningfully: Tagging networks tend to be
almost entirely connected. We therefore propose a generalization of connected
components, m-hyperincident connected components. We show that decomposing
tagging networks into 2-hyperincident connected components yields a
characteristic component distribution with a salient giant component that can
be found across various datasets. This pattern changes if the underlying
formation process changes, for example, if the hypergraph is constructed from
search logs, or if the tagging data is contaminated by spam: It turns out that
the second- to 129th largest components of the spam-labeled Bibsonomy dataset
are inhabited exclusively by spam users. Based on these findings, we propose
and unsupervised method for spam detection.

%M C.HYPER.09.239
%T Statistical properties of inter-arrival times distribution in social tagging
systems
%S Networks properties
%A Capocci, Andrea
%A Baldassarri, Andrea
%A Servedio, Vito D. P.
%A Loreto, Vittorio
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 239-244
%K folksonomies, semiotic dynamics, semiotics, small worlds
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557955
%X Folksonomies provide a rich source of data to study social patterns taking
place on the World Wide Web. Here we study the temporal patterns of users'
tagging activity. We show that the statistical properties of inter-arrival
times between subsequent tagging events cannot be explained without taking into
account correlation in users' behaviors. This shows that social interaction in
collaborative tagging communities shapes the evolution of folksonomies. A
consensus formation process involving the usage of a small number of tags for a
given resources is observed through a numerical and theoretical analysis of
some well-known folksonomy datasets.

%M C.HYPER.09.245
%T Modularities for bipartite networks
%S Networks properties
%A Murata, Tsuyoshi
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 245-250
%K bipartite network, community, modularity
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557956
%X Real-world relations are often represented as bipartite networks, such as
paper-author networks and event-attendee networks. Extracting dense subnetworks
(communities) from bipartite networks and evaluating their qualities are
practically important research topics. As the attempts for evaluating divisions
of bipartite networks, Guimera and Barber propose bipartite modularities. This
paper discusses the properties of these bipartite modularities and proposes
another bipartite modularity that allows one-to-many correspondence of
communities of different vertex types. Preliminary experimental results for the
bipartite modularities are also described.

%M C.HYPER.09.251
%T Contextualising tags in collaborative tagging systems
%S Recommendation and clustering
%A Yeung, Ching-man Au
%A Gibbins, Nicholas
%A Shadbolt, Nigel
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 251-260
%K collaborative tagging, context, folksonomy, semantics
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557958
%X Collaborative tagging systems are now popular tools for organising and
sharing information on the Web. While collaborative tagging offers many
advantages over the use of controlled vocabularies, they also suffer from
problems such as the existence of polysemous tags. We investigate how the
different contexts in which individual tags are used can be revealed
automatically without consulting any external resources. We consider several
different network representations of tags and documents, and apply a graph
clustering algorithm on these networks to obtain groups of tags or documents
corresponding to the different meanings of an ambiguous tag. Our experiments
show that networks which explicitly take the social context into account are
more likely to give a better picture of the semantics of a tag.

%M C.HYPER.09.261
%T Social recommender systems for web 2.0 folksonomies
%S Recommendation and clustering
%A Siersdorfer, Stefan
%A Sizov, Sergej
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 261-270
%K folksonomy, social media, social recommenders, web 2.0
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557959
%X The rapidly increasing popularity of Web 2.0 knowledge and content sharing
systems and growing amount of shared data make discovering relevant content and
finding contacts a difficult enterprize. Typically, folksonomies provide a rich
set of structures and social relationships that can be mined for a variety of
recommendation purposes. In this paper we propose a formal model to
characterize users, items, and annotations in Web 2.0 environments. Our
objective is to construct social recommender systems that predict the utility
of items, users, or groups based on the multi-dimensional social environment of
a given user. Based on this model we introduce recommendation mechanisms for
content sharing frameworks. Our comprehensive evaluation shows the viability of
our approach and emphasizes the key role of social meta knowledge for
constructing effective recommendations in Web 2.0 applications.

%M C.HYPER.09.271
%T Cross-tagging for personalized open social networking
%S Recommendation and clustering
%A Stewart, Avaré
%A Diaz-Aviles, Ernesto
%A Nejdl, Wolfgang
%A Marinho, Leandro Balby
%A Nanopoulos, Alexandros
%A Schmidt-Thieme, Lars
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 271-278
%K recommender systems, social media, web 2.0
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557960
%X The Social Web is successfully established and poised for continued growth.
Web 2.0 applications such as blogs, bookmarking, music, photo and video sharing
systems are among the most popular; and all of them incorporate a social
aspect, i.e., users can easily share information with other users. But due to
the diversity of these applications -- serving different aims -- the Social Web
is ironically divided. Blog users who write about music for example, could
possibly benefit from other users registered in other social systems operating
within the same domain, such as a social radio station. Although these sites
are two different and disconnected systems, offering distinct services to the
users, the fact that domains are compatible could benefit users from both
systems with interesting and multi-faceted information. In this paper we
propose to automatically establish social links between distinct social systems
through cross-tagging, i.e., enriching a social system with the tags of other
similar social system(s). Since tags are known for increasing the prediction
quality of recommender systems (RS), we propose to quantitatively evaluate the
extent to which users can benefit from cross-tagging by measuring the impact of
different cross-tagging approaches on tag-aware RS for personalized resource
recommendations. We conduct experiments in real world data sets and empirically
show the effectiveness of our approaches.

%M C.HYPER.09.279
%T Jorn barger, the newspage network and the emergence of the weblog community
%S Weblogs
%A Ammann, Rudolf
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 279-288
%K blog, community, network, news, remediation, weblog
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557962
%X Working from archival sources, this paper aims to reconstruct the emergence
at Jorn Barger's initiative of the weblog community from a predecessor known as
the NewsPage Network.

%M C.HYPER.09.289
%T Weblog as a personal thinking space
%S Weblogs
%A Efimova, Lilia
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 289-298
%K autoethnography, electronic notebooks, personal information management,
weblogs, writing
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557963
%X While weblogs have been conceptualised as personal thinking spaces since
their early days, those uses have not been studied in detail. The purpose of
this paper is to explore how a weblog can contribute to the process of
developing ideas in a long-term complex project. To do so I use autoethnography
to reconstruct my personal blogging practices in relation to developing PhD
ideas from two perspectives. I first discuss my practices of using a weblog as
a personal information management tool and then analyse its uses at different
stages in the process of working on a PhD dissertation: dealing with fuzzy
insights, sense-making and turning ideas into a dissertation text. The findings
illustrate that next to supporting thinking in a way private notebooks do, a
weblog might serve similar roles as papers on one's office desk: dealing with
emerging insights and difficult to categorise ideas, while at the same time
creating opportunities for accidental feedback and impressing those who drop
by.

%M C.HYPER.09.299
%T Comparing Chinese and German blogs
%S Weblogs
%A Mandl, Thomas
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 299-308
%K blogs, culture models, internationalization, social software.
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557964
%X Blogs in different countries do not only differ in the language of their
texts but in many other aspects as well. This study explores how these
differences can be identified and related to known cultural differences. A
thorough intellectual analysis of several hundreds of blog pages from China and
Germany revealed culturally diverse patterns. Chinese blogs are more
graphically oriented. They emphasize the communication between bloggers and
commentators. Especially, the distinction between high and low context
communication in both cultures seems to have a large impact on the blog
communication.

%M C.HYPER.09.309
%T Designing hypertext tools to facilitate authoring multiple points-of-view
stories
%S Perspective and point Of view
%A Mitchell, Alex
%A McGee, Kevin
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 309-316
%K authoring tools, hypertext fiction, interactive storytelling, multiform
stories, rashomon, representation
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557966
%X How can authoring tools help authors create complex, innovative hypertext
narrative structures? Tools for creating hypertext fiction typically represent
such narratives in the form of nodes and links. However, existing tools are not
particularly helpful when an author wants to create a story with a more complex
structure, such as a story told from multiple points of view. In this paper, we
describe our work to develop HypeDyn, a new hypertext authoring tool that
provides alternative representations designed to make it easier to create
complex hypertext story structures. As an initial exploration, the tool has
been designed to support authoring of interactive, multiple-points-of-view
stories. In order to describe the tool, we describe a simplified transformation
of Rashomon into a progressively more interactive narrative. Along the way, we
identify useful new representations, mechanisms, and visualizations for helping
the author. We conclude with some thoughts about the design of interactive
storytelling authoring tools in general.

%M C.HYPER.09.317
%T Social network analysis in virtual environments
%S Perspective and point Of view
%A Rosen, Devan
%A Corbit, Margaret
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 317-322
%K computer mediated communication, internet relay chat, multi-user virtual
environments, social networks, virtual worlds
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557967
%X Multi-user virtual environments (MUVEs) allow users to navigate and explore
the environment as well as interact with other users. The interaction within
these environments is often text-based using Internet relay chat (IRC) and
related systems. IRC poses a difficulty for researchers looking to analyze and
interpret the communicative interaction since data is stored in the form of
chatlogs. The current research proposes and applies methodological procedures
for the representation and analysis of interaction in MUVEs as social networks.
A case study on SciCentr programs from Cornell University is used to elaborate
methods and related findings.

%M C.HYPER.09.323
%T Managing publications and bookmarks with BibSonomy
%S Demonstrations
%A Benz, Dominik
%A Eisterlehner, Folke
%A Hotho, Andreas
%A Jäschke, Robert
%A Krause, Beate
%A Stumme, Gerd
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 323-324
%K folksonomy, tagging, tools, web 2.0
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557969
%X In this demo we present BibSonomy, a social bookmark and publication sharing
system.

%M C.HYPER.09.325
%T Tag vision: social knowledge for collaborative search
%S Demonstrations
%A Marcellin, Lara
%A Politi, Roberto
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 325-326
%K search, social bookmarking, social network, tag co-occurrence, tagging
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557970
%X In this paper we describe a model of social and collaborative search based
on the use of tags. First we will introduce the issues that drove us to the
definition of this model, analyzing different elements characterizing the web
2.0 paradigm and their effect on traditional search and classification systems.
Afterwards we will present TAG Vision, a prototype implementation of the model,
developed in order to investigate new approaches for information retrieval.

%M C.HYPER.09.327
%T Incentives for social annotation
%S Demonstrations
%A Roinestad, Heather
%A Burgoon, John
%A Markines, Benjamin
%A Menczer, Filippo
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 327-328
%K games with a purpose, social tagging
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557971
%X Researchers are exploring the use of folksonomies, such as in social
bookmarking systems, to build implicit links between online resources. Users
create and reinforce links between resources through applying a common tag to
those resources. The effectiveness of using such community-driven annotation
depends on user participation to provide the critical information. However, the
participation of many users is motivated by selfish reasons. An effective way
to encourage these users is to create useful or entertaining applications. We
demo two such tools -- a browser extension for bookmark management and
navigation and a game.

%M C.HYPER.09.329
%T Vcast on facebook: bridging social and similarity networks
%S Demonstrations
%A Carmagnola, Francesca
%A Loffredo, Andrea
%A Berardi, Giorgio
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 329-330
%K ad hoc networks, recommender systems, social collaborative filtering
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557972
%X Focusing on Personal Video Recorder, the paper presents an environment to
support users in choosing which TV programs register through recommendations
based on user-to-user similarity. Recommendations are presented to users in a
Facebook application which is double aimed: on the one hand, it allows to
collect user's feedback on the recommended items; on the other hand, it allows
to define a social network-based users similarity which is exploited to
optimize the recommendation process.

%M C.HYPER.09.331
%T ArsMeteo: artworks and tags floating over the planet art
%S Demonstrations
%A Acotto, Edoardo
%A Baldoni, Matteo
%A Baroglio, Cristina
%A Patti, Viviana
%A Portis, Flavio
%A Vaccarino, Giorgio
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 331-332
%K digital communities, folksonomies, net art, web 2.0
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557973
%X In this paper we present ArsMeteo, a Web 2.0 portal for collecting and
sharing digital (or digitalized) artworks, like videos, pictures, poems and
music. The ArsMeteo contents are enriched with a variety of meanings by the
tagging activity of all users of the community, both authors and visitors. In
this setting, innovative artistic approaches to tagging and tag-based browsing
has been thought in order to create a dynamic and fertile background for
artistic experimentation and cooperative artistic creation.

%M C.HYPER.09.333
%T Sixearch.org 2.0 peer application for collaborative web search
%S Demonstrations
%A Lele, Namrata
%A Wu, Le-Shin
%A Akavipat, Ruj
%A Menczer, Filippo
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 333-334
%K adaptive query routing, peer collaborative search
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557974
%X Sixearch.org is a peer application for social, distributed, adaptive Web
search, which integrates the Sixearch.org protocol, a topical crawler, a
document indexing system, a retrieval engine, a P2P network communication
system, and a contextual learning system. With a single click, the Sixearch.org
application will build your personal Web collection. You can search not only
your collection, but also other Sixearch peers. When you submit a query, your
Sixearch agent will determine which peers are best suited to answer it based on
previous interactions. Your agent will also learn from the results it receives,
so that it can continuously improve.

%M C.HYPER.09.335
%T To://: towards an open namespace for web resources
%S Demonstrations
%A Lopez, Pedro Garcia
%A Espelt, Marc
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 335-336
%K namespaces, top level domains, web naming
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557975
%X In this paper we present an open namespace for web resources under the URI
scheme to://. It is a web indirection service that converts URLs-to-URLs (i.e.
to:// -> http://) and introduces the novel concept of Web Top Level Domains
(wTLDs). Every wTLD like to://hypertext refers to an URL like
http://www.ht2009.org and it is possible to resolve subdomains under these
wTLDs (to://2008.hypertext, to://proceedings.2008.hypertext).
   The overall architecture is based on browser plugins and web server software
using standard protocols like HTTP and XML to resolve domains under the to://
URI scheme. Furthermore, the infrastructure also provides an open search engine
over domain names using meta-information like tags or geo-location. We present
a running prototype of this system called Socialdns.net hosting more than 2,000
domains.

%M C.HYPER.09.337
%T A 3D hypermedia with biomedical stereoscopic images: from creation to
exploration in virtual reality
%S Posters
%A Haouach, Mohammed
%A Venturini, Gilles
%A Guinot, Christiane
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 337-338
%K graph of images, interactive exploration, stereoscopic image annotation,
virtual reality, visualization
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557977
%X We present in this paper a new method for building and exploring a 3D
hypermedia in virtual reality and for a biomedical domain. Starting from the
acquisition of stereoscopic images and from the calibration of cameras, our
system offers the user the possibility to visualize these images in 3D and to
annotate specific areas with texts or voice recording. Then the user may define
links between annotations, and each annotation may point to annotations from
the same image or from other images. The user thus constructs a 3D hypermedia.
He may have a global view of the images database using a graph display. We
present a first graph which was built with images of faces.

%M C.HYPER.09.339
%T The 2LIP model and its implementations
%S Posters
%A Jankowski, Jacek
%A Decker, Stefan
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 339-340
%K 2LIP, 2LIPgarden, 3D hypermedia, copernicus
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557978
%X In this article we present a model for 2-Layer Interface Paradigm (2LIP).
2LIP is an approach for designing simple yet interactive 3D web applications,
an attempt to marry advantages of 3D experience with the advantages of the
narrative structure of hypertext. The hypertext information, together with
graphics, and multimedia, is presented semi-transparently on the foreground
layer. It overlays the 3D representation of the information displayed in the
background of the interface. We describe implementations of the 2LIP model:
2LIPGarden (HTML context) and Copernicus (wiki context). We want to show that
our model can be easily employed to the existing web infrastructure.

%M C.HYPER.09.341
%T MediaJourney: capturing and sharing digital media from real-world and
virtual journeys
%S Posters
%A Nielsen, Kaspar Rosengreen
%A Gude, Rasmus
%A Petersen, Marianne Graves
%A Grønbæk, Kaj
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 341-342
%K geo-spatial hypermedia, location-awareness, mobile web, multimedia blogging,
ubiquitous link anchors
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557979
%X In this poster, we discuss a novel MediaJourney concept and infrastructure
with integrated applications for capturing, annotating, and automatically
tagging captured media objects during physical journeys as well as virtual
journeys on the web or in media collections. The main objective of MediaJourney
is to radically reduce overhead in collecting and organizing captured digital
media for planned or ad-hoc sharing with family and friends, e.g. in a home
setting. This is supported with a mix of automatic tagging and manual selection
or keyword tagging of journeys at the time of capture. The idea is to provide
automatic and simple mechanisms for structuring while capturing.

%M C.HYPER.09.343
%T A user study of mobile web services and applications from the 2008 Beijing
Olympics
%S Posters
%A Chin, Alvin
%A Salomaa, Jyri P.
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 343-344
%K mobile design, mobile interface, mobile web application, usage, user
experience, user study
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557980
%X This paper describes a business user study using a packaged suite of mobile
Web services and applications deployed at a real-time event, the Beijing
Olympic Games in August 2008. These applications were an Olympics guide, menu
reader, phrasebook, Sports Tracker [3], photo sharing on Ovi [4], and Nokia
Maps [2]. To evaluate its feasibility and use, we used logging, surveys, and
statistical analysis for collecting and analyzing the data. We discovered that
guests found the Olympics guide application to be the most popular, followed by
Nokia Maps and then photo sharing on Ovi. The results demonstrate that the
techniques used in our evaluation can be used to determine the type of
applications that are relevant to consumers at a real-time event, and suggests
ways for improving the mobile application design and user experience.

%M C.HYPER.09.345
%T Personalized web browsing experience
%S Posters
%A Barricelli, Barbara Rita
%A Padula, Marco
%A Scala, Paolo Luigi
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 345-346
%K intelligent agent, localization, pCard, personalization, user experience,
web browsing
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557981
%X In this paper we propose a Web-based software system that allows the
realization of a highly personalized Web browsing experience. The system is
based on two relevant elements: the Intelligent Agent and the pCard document.
The Intelligent Agent analyzes the Web sites visited by the users collecting
information useful to her/his characterization and crosses such information
with the personal preferences expressed by the user her/himself. The user
profile is stored in a document written in pCard format that we have defined as
an evolution of the vCard format.

%M C.HYPER.09.347
%T A scalable, collaborative similarity measure for social annotation systems
%S Posters
%A Markines, Benjamin
%A Menczer, Filippo
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 347-348
%K folksonomy, maximum information path, tags, urls, web 2.0
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557982
%X Collaborative annotation tools are in widespread use. The metadata from
these systems can be mined to induce semantic relationships among Web objects
(sites, pages, tags, concepts, users), which in turn can support improved
search, recommendation, and other Web applications. We build upon prior work by
extracting relationships among tags and among resources from two social
bookmarking systems, Bibsonomy.org and GiveALink.org. We introduce a scalable
and collaborative measure that we name maximum information path (MIP)
similarity. Our analysis shows that MIP outperforms the best scalable
similarity measures in the literature. We are currently integrating MIP
similarity into a number of applications under development in the GiveALink
project, including search and recommendation, Web navigation maps, bookmark
management, social networks, spam detection, and a tagging game to create
incentives for collaborative annotations.

%M C.HYPER.09.349
%T Modeling and predicting group activity over time in online social media
%S Posters
%A De Choudhury, Munmun
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 349-350
%K Flickr, social media, social networks
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557983
%X This paper develops a probabilistic framework that can model and predict
group activity over time on online social media. Users of social media sites
such as Flickr often face the enormous challenge of which group to choose, due
to the presence of numerous competing groups of similar content. Determining an
empirical measure of significance of a group can help tackle this problem. The
proposed framework therefore determines an optimal measure per group based on
past user participation and interaction as well as likely future activity in
the group. The framework is tested on a Flickr dataset and the results show
that this method can yield satisfactory predictions of group activity. This
implies that the computed measure of significance of a group can be used by end
users to choose groups with rich activity.

%M C.HYPER.09.351
%T Retrieving broken web links using an approach based on contextual
information
%S Posters
%A Martinez-Romo, Juan
%A Araujo, Lourdes
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 351-352
%K broken links, information retrieval, link integrity, recommender system
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557984
%X In this short note we present a recommendation system for automatic
retrieval of broken Web links using an approach based on contextual
information. We extract information from the context of a link such as the
anchor text, the content of the page containing the link, and a combination of
the cache page in some search engine and web archive, if it exists. Then the
selected information is processed and submitted to a search engine. We propose
an algorithm based on information retrieval techniques to select the most
relevant information and to rank the candidate pages provided for the search
engine, in order to help the user to find the best replacement. To test the
different methods, we have also defined a methodology which does not require
the user judgements, what increases the objectivity of the results.

%M C.HYPER.09.353
%T A cost-benefit evaluation method for web-based information systems
%S Posters
%A Paris, Cecile L.
%A Colineau, Nathalie F.
%A Wilkinson, Ross G.
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 353-354
%K cost-benefit analysis, evaluation, human information processing,
methodology, user/machine systems, web-based information systems, web-based
interaction
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557985
%X Most evaluations of web-based information systems are done with respect to
their effectiveness in supporting users in finding and exploring the
information they need. We believe (1) that we need to move beyond task
effectiveness and look at the whole-of-system effectiveness, and (2) that we
must balance benefits with costs. We propose a method that provides guidance in
whole-of-system evaluations, explicitly considering all participants and both
sides of the "bang for buck" equation.

%M C.HYPER.09.355
%T Automatically annotating textual resources with human intentions
%S Posters
%A Strohmaier, Markus
%A Kroell, Mark
%A Koerner, Christian
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 355-356
%K automatic tag generation, folksonomies, human intentions
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557986
%X Annotations represent an increasingly popular means for organizing,
categorizing and finding resources on the "social" web. Yet, only a small
portion of the total resources available on the web are annotated. In this
paper, we describe a prototype -- iTAG -- for automatically annotating textual
resources with human intent, a novel dimension of tagging. We investigate the
extent to which the automatic analysis of human intentions in textual resources
is feasible. To address this question, we present selected evidence from a
study aiming to automatically annotate intent in a simplified setting, that is
transcripts of speeches given by US presidential candidates in 2008.

%M C.HYPER.09.357
%T When printed hypertexts go digital: information extraction from the parsing
of indices
%S Posters
%A Romanello, Matteo
%A Berti, Monica
%A Babeu, Alison
%A Crane, Gregory
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 357-358
%K indices, information extraction, parsing, printed hypertexts
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557987
%X Modern critical editions of ancient works generally include manually created
indices of other sources quoted in the text. Since indices can be considered as
a form of domain specific language, the paper presents a parsing-based approach
to the problem of extracting information from them to support the creation of a
collection of fragmentary texts. This paper first considers the characteristics
and structure of quotation indices and their importance when dealing with
fragmentary texts. It then presents the results of applying a fuzzy parser to
the OCR transcription of an index of quotations to extract information from
potentially noisy input.

%M C.HYPER.09.359
%T The role of tag suggestions in folksonomies
%S Posters
%A Bollen, Dirk
%A Halpin, Harry
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 359-360
%K power laws, tag suggestions, tagging
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557988
%X Most tagging systems support the user in the tag selection process by
providing tag suggestions, or recommendations, based on a popularity
measurement of tags other users provided when tagging the same resource. The
majority of theories and mathematical models of tagging found in the literature
assume that the emergence of power laws in tagging systems is mainly driven by
the imitation behavior of users when observing tag suggestions provided by the
user interface of the tagging system. We present experimental results that show
that the power law distribution forms regardless of whether or not tag
suggestions are presented to the users.

%M C.HYPER.09.361
%T Four measures for the dynamics of coalitions in social networks
%S Posters
%A Boella, Guido
%A van der Torre, Leendert
%A Villata, Serena
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 361-362
%K measures, requirements engineering, social dependence networks
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557989
%X We introduce four measures for the change of coalitions in social networks.
The first one measures the change of the agents in the network over time, The
second one measures the change of dependencies among the agents, due to
addition or removal of powers and goals of the agents. The third one measures
the change in normative dependencies like obligations and prohibitions
introduced by norms. The fourth one measures changes in coalitions. If one of
the first three measures is high, then the fourth measure is probably high too,
if the change in agents and dependencies is a cause for a change in coalitions.
If the first three measures are low, but the change in coalitions is high, it
is due to internal processes like violations of the coalition agreements.

%M C.HYPER.09.363
%T The redocumentation process of computer mediated activity traces: a general
framework
%S Posters
%A Yahiaoui, Leila
%A Prié, Yannick
%A Boufaida, Zizette
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 363-364
%K RST, activity trace, computer mediated activity, hypermedia, personalized
document generation, redocumentation process
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557990
%X The digital world enables the creation of personalized documents. In this
paper we are interested in describing a computer mediated activity by a person
throughout a semi-automatic redocumentation process. This process uses traces
generated automatically, during a user-system interaction, to assist a person
in producing a personalized document describing the traced activity. To support
that, a general framework for an authoring tool is proposed through two main
phases. During the first phase, an automatic and parameterized transformation
is applied on the input activity trace to generate a fragmented document. Each
fragment describes one or many observed elements of the modeled trace and
relations between fragments are deduced from relations between these elements.
The second phase consists in interactive transformations on the intermediate
produced document until getting the final hypermedia document. Our authoring
tool uses composition of personalized document issues and RST principals to
interpret user's choices and to maintain the coherence of the produced
document.

%M C.HYPER.09.365
%T WebNC: efficient sharing of web applications
%S Posters
%A Denoue, Laurent
%A Adcock, John
%A Carter, Scott
%A Golovchinsky, Gene
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 365-366
%K co-browsing, real-time collaboration, web application sharing, web
navigation
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557991
%X WebNC is a system for efficiently sharing, retrieving and viewing web
applications. Unlike existing screencasting and screensharing tools, WebNC is
optimized to work with web pages where a lot of scrolling happens. WebNC uses a
tile-based encoding to capture, transmit and deliver web applications, and
relies only on dynamic HTML and JavaScript. The resulting webcasts require very
little bandwidth and are viewable on any modern web browser including Firefox
and Internet Explorer as well as browsers on the iPhone and Android platforms.

%M C.HYPER.09.367
%T Semiotic design and analysis of hypermedia
%S Posters
%A Toppano, Elio
%A Roberto, Vito
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 367-368
%K design, hypermedia, semiotics
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557992
%X The paper proposes a semiotic framework inspired to the Generative
Trajectory of Meaning by A.J. Greimas to the design and analysis of hypermedia.
The framework is structured into four levels of signification and allows the
designer to control the semantic coherence and optimize the communication
during the hypermedia development. We investigate its practical feasibility by
constructing an instructional hypermedia regarding a collection of ancient
mosaics from a roman villa. Our results indicate that the proposed approach
opens novel perspectives, and looks promising towards the definition of
semiotic methodologies of hypermedia design.

%M C.HYPER.09.369
%T How are web characteristics evolving?
%S Posters
%A Miranda, João
%A Gomes, Daniel
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 369-370
%K web characterization, web measurements, web trends
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557993
%X The Web is a hypertextual environment in permanent evolution. There are new
technologies and Web publishing behaviors emerging everyday. This study
presents trends on the evolution of the Web, derived from the comparison of two
characterizations of a web portion performed within a 5 year interval. The
Portuguese Web was used as a case study. Several metrics regarding content and
site characteristics were analyzed.

%M C.HYPER.09.371
%T User model on a key
%S Posters
%A Kuflik, Tsvi
%A Poteriaykina, Katerina
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 371-372
%K user modeling
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557994
%X Provision of personalized services to users requires accurate modeling of
their interests and needs. However, such information may not be available to
the service provider. Previously suggested solutions, such as user modeling
servers and user modeling mediation demonstrate technological possible solution
to the problem. However, at the same time they introduce privacy problem. This
paper proposes a general framework for enhancing the privacy of user modeling
in personalization systems by keeping the user "in control" of his/her personal
information. The UM on a Key that combined a user modeling server and mediation
mechanism will allow the user to explicitly select what information to disclose
to service provider and to do that at the right format.

%M C.HYPER.09.373
%T Named entities for hot topics ranking and ontology navigation aid
%S Posters
%A Bruckschen, Mírian
%A Vieira, Renata
%A Rigo, Sandro
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 373-374
%K hot topics, natural language processing, navigation aid, semantic tagging,
web2.0
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557995
%X This paper presents an application which relies on Natural Language
Processing techniques to identify hot topics in a news portal. Named Entity
Recognition, semantic tagging and identity identification are used to acquire
knowledge of the domain, generate ontologies automatically and rank hot topics
for the news in the portal.

%M C.HYPER.09.375
%T iDYNamicTV: a social adaptive television experience
%S Posters
%A Carmagnola, Francesca
%A Cena, Federica
%A Console, Luca
%A Grillo, Pierluigi
%A Vernero, Fabiana
%A Simeoni, Rossana
%A Perrero, Monica
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 375-376
%K adaptation, interactive television, social applications, web 2.0
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557996
%X The paper presents an approach to merge Web 2.0 and adaptation with TV
contents in order to enrich the user experience. We present iDYNamicTV, a
social Web-based recommender system dealing with multimedia contents.
iDYNamicTV is part of a larger project by Telecom Italia (DynamicTV) for
enhancing user experience in TV fruition. The goal of iDynamicTV is to provide
facilities to entertain when exploring and discovering media contents on the
Web using a computer interface.

%M C.HYPER.09.377
%T Use noisy link analysis to improve web search
%S Posters
%A Wang, Yitong
%A Chu, Jingbo
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 377-378
%K link penalty, link-based ranking, noisy link, pagerank
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557997
%X Link-based ranking algorithm is very important for current success and
popular of Web Search Engine. In order to get high rank, some try to improve
contents of web pages while others just put dirty tricks, such as link spam.
Link spam is a trick targeting at link-based ranking algorithms by artificially
created tight link structures to push some target pages get undeserved high
ranks. This problem becomes even worse with the advent of wikis, blogs, forums,
which are rich in links. We tackle the problem of improving link-based ranking
by more fundamental viewpoint -- "noisy link" analysis. Motivated by how
"non-voting" hyperlinks affect quality of ranking, we propose an approach and
corresponding penalty strategies to both detect and handle "noisy link"
effectively and automatically. We also compared our approach with other related
works to demonstrate that our approach is rather effective in noisy link
filtering and could improve the final search results significantly.

%M C.HYPER.09.379
%T Introducing online reading
%S Posters
%A Bonacho, Fernanda
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 379-380
%K hypermedia, hypertext, online reading, perception, reception
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557998
%X In this paper, we develop a discussion about possible profiles of the reader
online according to the perception of a new sensitive experience of reading.
The experience of reading in front of a computer is already part of our daily
routine but still far from a clear standing. Focusing our attention on the
reader allows us to embrace a curious challenge that most of us already live on
the level of senses (Erlebnis), and only some are able to make it an experience
in life (Erfahrung).

%M C.HYPER.09.381
%T ZEXE.NET, a case study of video-moblog
%S Posters
%A Mazali, Tatiana
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 381-382
%K moblog, participatory culture, social media, web-art 2.0
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1557999
%X The information and communication technology system is constantly creating
new scenarios, but can still recognise a tendency in them: the blurring of the
limits between consumers and producers and the passage from interactivity to
participation (web 2.0). In this emerging cultural context, that is constantly
redefined and remediated by individual and personalized forms of elaboration,
it is important to understand the way in which every single person or group
leads his/her own way towards re-appropriation of the technological realm.
   My contribution aims to explore potential and real capacities of these new
technologies to generate a creative use among individuals or collectivities.
For this reason, I'll analyse a case study, the mobile-blog communities in
ZEXE.NET project.
   The aim of my contribution is to draw a portrait, to give a picture, of this
social platform built by the artist Antoni Abad.

%M C.HYPER.09.383
%T Hypermedia as media
%S Posters
%A Reyes-García, Everardo
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 383-384
%K hypermedia theory, media theory, software studies
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1558000
%X Hypermedia community has been concerned with systems development,
navigational models, and most recently, social implications of networks. As a
result, it is possible to distinguish conventions of human-computer
interaction, visual styles to interact and represent information, and
participatory schemes of social behavior. These transformations allow for
observing media in different manners. In this paper, we introduce the idea that
hypermedia is not a medium because of its possibilities of linking, combining,
and fragmenting several media. Hypermedia is a medium because it introduces new
ways for creating media and transforming the communicative process.

%M C.HYPER.09.385
%T Web 3.0: merging semantic web with social web
%S Workshops
%A Cena, Federica
%A Farzan, Rosta
%A Lops, Pasquale
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 385-386
%K intelligent web, semantic web, social applications, web 2.0, web 3.0
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1558002

%M C.HYPER.09.387
%T Dynamic and adaptive hypertext: generic frameworks, approaches and
techniques
%S Workshops
%A De Bra, Paul
%A Pechenizkiy, Mykola
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 387-388
%K adaptation, authoring, dynamic hypertext
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1558003

%M C.HYPER.09.389
%T New forms of Xanalogical storage and function
%S Workshops
%A Vitali, Fabio
%A Di Iorio, Angelo
%A Blustein, James
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 389-390
%K Wikis, blogs, mashups, project xanadu, storage solutions, transclusion
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1558004

%M C.HYPER.09.391
%T Tagging dynamics in online communities
%S Workshops
%A Loreto, Vittorio
%A Capocci, Andrea
%B Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
%D 2009
%P 391-392
%K semiotics, tagging
%* (c) Copyright 2009 ACM
%W http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1557914.1558005