| Making dreams come true: or how to avoid a living nightmare | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 1-2 | |
| Morten Kyng | |||
| Technological advances in miniaturisation and communication are enabling
revolutionary transformations: computation can be embedded in almost any object
and the increasing bandwidth and ubiquity of communication networks connects
objects and frees them spatially.
However, the ambitions for ubiquitous computing typically go further. For example 'ambient intelligence' aims to provide users with a constant serviced cocoon that envelopes them in appropriate information, communication and services, protecting, enabling and empowering them wherever they are. We share some of these visions, but argue that profound difficulties stand in their way: Far from simplifying computing, ubiquity risks making it much more complex and confusing, e.g. by obscuring the relation between action and reaction. In this keynote we will discuss some of the challenges in realizing the promises of pervasive technologies and present ideas for the design of technology that supports learning, exploration and continued development. To this end people need to be able to grasp, both physically and conceptually, what technologies are doing and could do for them. We have termed this 'palpable computing'. Keywords: keynote | |||
| The calendar as a sensor: analysis and improvement using data fusion with social networks and location | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 3-12 | |
| Tom Lovett; Eamonn O'Neill; James Irwin; David Pollington | |||
| The shared online calendar is the de facto standard for event organisation
and management in the modern office environment. It is also a potentially
valuable source of context, provided the calendar event data represent an
accurate account of 'real-world' events. However, as we show through a field
study, the calendar does not represent reality well as genuine events are
hidden by a multitude of reminders and 'placeholders', i.e. events that appear
in the calendar but do not occur. We show that the calendar's representation of
real events can be significantly improved through data fusion with other
sources of context, namely social network and location data. Finally, we
discuss some of the issues raised during our field study, their significance
and how performance could be farther improved. Keywords: calendar, contacts, context, context awareness, data fusion, event,
location, meeting, social network | |||
| Toolkit to support intelligibility in context-aware applications | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 13-22 | |
| Brian Y. Lim; Anind K. Dey | |||
| Context-aware applications should be intelligible so users can better
understand how they work and improve their trust in them. However, providing
intelligibility is non-trivial and requires the developer to understand how to
generate explanations from application decision models. Furthermore, users need
different types of explanations and this complicates the implementation of
intelligibility. We have developed the Intelligibility Toolkit that makes it
easy for application developers to obtain eight types of explanations from the
most popular decision models of context-aware applications. We describe its
extensible architecture, and the explanation generation algorithms we
developed. We validate the usefulness of the toolkit with three canonical
applications that use the toolkit to generate explanations for end-users. Keywords: context-awareness, explanations, intelligibility, toolkits | |||
| Identifying the activities supported by locations with community-authored content | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 23-32 | |
| David Dearman; Khai N. Truong | |||
| Community-authored content, such as location specific reviews, offers a
wealth of information about virtually every imaginable location today. In this
work, we process Yelp's community-authored reviews to identify a set of
potential activities that are supported by the location reviewed. Using 14 test
locations we show that the majority of the 40 most common results per location
(determined by verb-noun pair frequency) are actual activities supported by
their respective locations, achieving a mean precision of up to 79.3%. Although
the number of reviews authored for a location has a strong influence on
precision, we are able to achieve a precision up to 29.5% when processing only
the first 50 reviews, increasing to 45.7% and 57.3% for the first 100 and 200
reviews, respectively. In addition, we present two context-aware services that
leverage location-based activity information on a city scale that is accessible
through a Web service we developed supporting multiple cities in North America. Keywords: activity, community-authored content, location, reviews | |||
| Examining micro-payments for participatory sensing data collections | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 33-36 | |
| Sasank Reddy; Deborah Estrin; Mark Hansen; Mani Srivastava | |||
| The rapid adoption of mobile devices that are able to capture and transmit a
wide variety of sensing modalities (media and location) has enabled a new data
collection paradigm -- participatory sensing. Participatory sensing initiatives
organize individuals to gather sensed information using mobile devices through
cooperative data collection. A major factor in the success of these data
collection projects is sustained, high quality participation. However, since
data capture requires a time and energy commitment from individuals, incentives
are often introduced to motivate participants. In this work, we investigate the
use of micro-payments as an incentive model. We define a set of metrics that
can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of incentives and report on findings
from a pilot study using various micro-payment schemes in a university campus
sustainability initiative. Keywords: incentives, mobile sensing systems, participatory sensing | |||
| Remarkable objects: supporting collaboration in a creative environment | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 37-40 | |
| Dhaval Vyas; Anton Nijholt; Dirk Heylen; Alexander Kröner; Gerrit van der Veer | |||
| In this paper, we report the results of a field trial of a Ubicomp system
called CAM that is aimed at supporting and enhancing collaboration in a design
studio environment. CAM uses a mobile-tagging application which allows
designers to collaboratively store relevant information onto their physical
design objects in the form of messages, annotations and external web links. The
purpose of our field trial was to explore the role of augmented objects in
supporting and enhancing creative work. Our results show that CAM was used not
only to support participants' mutual awareness and coordination but also to
facilitate designers in appropriating their augmented design objects to be
explorative, extendable and playful, supporting creative aspects of design
work. In general, our results show how CAM transformed static design objects
into 'remarkable' objects that made the creative and playful side of
cooperative design visible. Keywords: cooperative design, design objects, mobile-tagging | |||
| VoiceYourView: collecting real-time feedback on the design of public spaces | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 41-50 | |
| Jon Whittle; William Simm; Maria-Angela Ferrario; Katerina Frankova; Laurence Garton; Andrée Woodcock; Baseerit Nasa; Jane Binner; Aom Ariyatum | |||
| This paper reports on VoiceYourView, a kind of intelligent kiosk, which uses
speech recognition and natural language processing to gather the public's
creative input on the public space designs. Over a six week period,
VoiceYourView was deployed in a public space and 2000 design critiques were
collected from 600 people. The paper shows that people are capable of providing
creative input on their environment using unstructured speech or text and that
a good proportion of these comments are actionable. The paper also investigates
the use of public displays to auto-summarize comments left by the public so
far. Although there is anecdotal evidence that this encourages participation,
an experiment found that filtering comments (e.g., to display only positive
responses) had no effect on what people had to say. Keywords: civic engagement, intelligent kiosk, public reporting | |||
| Designing for interaction immediacy to enhance social skills of children with autism | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 51-60 | |
| Monica Tentori; Gillian R. Hayes | |||
| Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder often require therapeutic
interventions to support engagement in effective social interactions. In this
paper, we present the results of a study conducted in three public schools that
use an educational and behavioral intervention for the instruction of social
skills in changing situational contexts. The results of this study led to the
concept of interaction immediacy to help children maintain appropriate spatial
boundaries, reply to conversation initiators, disengage appropriately at the
end of an interaction, and identify potential communication partners. We
describe design principles for Ubicomp technologies to support interaction
immediacy and present an example design. The contribution of this work is
twofold. First, we present an understanding of social skills in mobile and
dynamic contexts. Second, we introduce the concept of interaction immediacy and
show its effectiveness as a guiding principle for the design of Ubicomp
applications. Keywords: autism, interaction immediacy, social compass, social skills | |||
| Investigations of Ubicomp in the oil and gas industry | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 61-64 | |
| Clint Heyer | |||
| In this paper we describe a use context for ubicomp technology seldom
investigated: the industrial setting, and in particular, the oil and gas
industry. We suggest that the field offers interesting challenges to the
ubicomp field and briefly outline some design opportunities. In particular, we
identify the need to ease flowing of activity across boundaries of space,
physical/digital and varied systems. We also describe our grounded approach,
starting with qualitative field studies and leading through to the design and
implementation of novel prototypes. The contribution of this paper is a
concrete description of this alternative use context and a sketching of
potential ubicomp solutions to meet industrial needs. Keywords: industrial, oil and gas, ubiquitous computing | |||
| The domestic panopticon: location tracking in families | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 65-74 | |
| Julie Boesen; Jennifer A. Rode; Clara Mancini | |||
| We present a qualitative study examining Location-Based Service (LBS) usage
by families and how it is integrated into everyday life. We establish that LBS,
when used for tracking purposes, affords a means of digital nurturing; that
said, we discuss how LBS surveillance has the potential to undermine trust and
serve as a detriment to nurturing. Keywords: LBS, LBT, gender, home, location-based services, location-based
technologies, privacy, security, tracking family | |||
| Modeling people's place naming preferences in location sharing | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 75-84 | |
| Jialiu Lin; Guang Xiang; Jason I. Hong; Norman Sadeh | |||
| Most location sharing applications display people's locations on a map.
However, people use a rich variety of terms to refer to their locations, such
as "home," "Starbucks," or "the bus stop near my house." Our long-term goal is
to create a system that can automatically generate appropriate place names
based on real-time context and user preferences. As a first step, we analyze
data from a two-week study involving 26 participants in two different cities,
focusing on how people refer to places in location sharing. We derive a
taxonomy of different place naming methods, and show that factors such as a
person's perceived familiarity with a place and the entropy of that place (i.e.
the variety of people who visit it) strongly influence the way people refer to
it when interacting with others. We also present a machine learning model for
predicting how people name places. Using our data, this model is able to
predict the place naming method people choose with an average accuracy higher
than 85%. Keywords: location representation, location sharing, location-based service, place
naming | |||
| Rethinking location sharing: exploring the implications of social-driven vs. purpose-driven location sharing | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 85-94 | |
| Karen P. Tang; Jialiu Lin; Jason I. Hong; Daniel P. Siewiorek; Norman Sadeh | |||
| The popularity of micro-blogging has made general-purpose information
sharing a pervasive phenomenon. This trend is now impacting location sharing
applications (LSAs) such that users are sharing their location data with a much
wider and more diverse audience. In this paper, we describe this as
social-driven sharing, distinguishing it from past examples of what we refer to
as purpose-driven location sharing. We explore the differences between these
two types of sharing by conducting a comparative two-week study with nine
participants. We found significant differences in terms of users' decisions
about what location information to share, their privacy concerns, and how
privacy-preserving their disclosures were. Based on these results, we provide
design implications for future LSAs. Keywords: location sharing, place naming, privacy | |||
| Exploring end user preferences for location obfuscation, location-based services, and the value of location | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 95-104 | |
| A. J. Bernheim Brush; John Krumm; James Scott | |||
| Long-term personal GPS data is useful for many UbiComp services such as
traffic monitoring and environmental impact assessment. However, inference
attacks on such traces can reveal private information including home addresses
and schedules. We asked 32 participants from 12 households to collect 2 months
of GPS data, and showed it to them in visualizations. We explored if they
understood how their individual privacy concerns mapped onto 5 location
obfuscation schemes (which they largely did), which obfuscation schemes they
were most comfortable with (Mixing, Deleting data near home, and Randomizing),
how they monetarily valued their location data, and if they consented to share
their data publicly. 21/32 gave consent to publish their data, though most
households' members shared at different levels, which indicates a lack of
awareness of privacy interrelationships. Grounded in real decisions about real
data, our findings highlight the potential for end-user involvement in
obfuscation of their own location data. Keywords: anonymization, computational location privacy, location, obfuscation,
privacy | |||
| Predicting human behaviour from selected mobile phone data points | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 105-108 | |
| Driss Choujaa; Naranker Dulay | |||
| The mobile phone offers a unique opportunity to predict a person's behaviour
automatically for advanced ubiquitous services. In this note, we analyse
cellular data collected as part of the Reality Mining project and use
information-theoretic concepts to answer three questions (i) What time points
in the day help predict a mobile phone user's activity at another time point?
(ii) What time points in history are most useful to predict his future
activities? and (iii) How difficult is it to predict his activity at a given
time from another user's activity at another time? Keywords: human behaviour, machine learning, mobile phone | |||
| Hapori: context-based local search for mobile phones using community behavioral modeling and similarity | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 109-118 | |
| Nicholas D. Lane; Dimitrios Lymberopoulos; Feng Zhao; Andrew T. Campbell | |||
| Local search engines are very popular but limited. We present Hapori, a
next-generation local search technology for mobile phones that not only takes
into account location in the search query but richer context such as the time,
weather and the activity of the user. Hapori also builds behavioral models of
users and exploits the similarity between users to tailor search results to
personal tastes rather than provide static geo-driven points of interest. We
discuss the design, implementation and evaluation of the Hapori framework which
combines data mining, information preserving embedding and distance metric
learning to address the challenge of creating efficient multidimensional models
from context-rich local search logs. Our experimental results using 80,000
queries extracted from search logs show that contextual and behavioral
similarity information can improve the relevance of local search results by up
to ten times when compared to the results currently provided by commercially
available search engine technology. Keywords: context-ware mobile search, local search, mobile phone sensing | |||
| Bridging the gap between physical location and online social networks | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 119-128 | |
| Justin Cranshaw; Eran Toch; Jason Hong; Aniket Kittur; Norman Sadeh | |||
| This paper examines the location traces of 489 users of a location sharing
social network for relationships between the users' mobility patterns and
structural properties of their underlying social network. We introduce a novel
set of location-based features for analyzing the social context of a geographic
region, including location entropy, which measures the diversity of unique
visitors of a location. Using these features, we provide a model for predicting
friendship between two users by analyzing their location trails. Our model
achieves significant gains over simpler models based only on direct properties
of the co-location histories, such as the number of co-locations. We also show
a positive relationship between the entropy of the locations the user visits
and the number of social ties that user has in the network. We discuss how the
offline mobility of users can have implications for both researchers and
designers of online social networks. Keywords: location sensing, social computing, social network analysis | |||
| Empirical models of privacy in location sharing | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 129-138 | |
| Eran Toch; Justin Cranshaw; Paul Hankes Drielsma; Janice Y. Tsai; Patrick Gage Kelley; James Springfield; Lorrie Cranor; Jason Hong; Norman Sadeh | |||
| The rapid adoption of location tracking and mobile social networking
technologies raises significant privacy challenges. Today our understanding of
people's location sharing privacy preferences remains very limited, including
how these preferences are impacted by the type of location tracking device or
the nature of the locations visited. To address this gap, we deployed
Locaccino, a mobile location sharing system, in a four week long field study,
where we examined the behavior of study participants (n=28) who shared their
location with their acquaintances (n=373.) Our results show that users appear
more comfortable sharing their presence at locations visited by a large and
diverse set of people. Our study also indicates that people who visit a wider
number of places tend to also be the subject of a greater number of requests
for their locations. Over time these same people tend to also evolve more
sophisticated privacy preferences, reflected by an increase in time- and
location-based restrictions. We conclude by discussing the implications our
findings. Keywords: location sharing technology, mobile social technology, privacy | |||
| ElectriSense: single-point sensing using EMI for electrical event detection and classification in the home | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 139-148 | |
| Sidhant Gupta; Matthew S. Reynolds; Shwetak N. Patel | |||
| This paper presents ElectriSense, a new solution for automatically detecting
and classifying the use of electronic devices in a home from a single point of
sensing. ElectriSense relies on the fact that most modern consumer electronics
and fluorescent lighting employ switch mode power supplies (SMPS) to achieve
high efficiency. These power supplies continuously generate high frequency
electromagnetic interference (EMI) during operation that propagates throughout
a home's power wiring. We show both analytically and by in-home experimentation
that EMI signals are stable and predictable based on the device's switching
frequency characteristics. Unlike past transient noise-based solutions, this
new approach provides the ability for EMI signatures to be applicable across
homes while still being able to differentiate between similar devices in a
home. We have evaluated our solution in seven homes, including one six-month
deployment. Our results show that ElectriSense can identify and classify the
usage of individual devices with a mean accuracy of 93.82%. Keywords: activity recognition, activity sensing, energy monitoring,
infrastructure-mediated sensing | |||
| Understanding conflict between landlords and tenants: implications for energy sensing and feedback | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 149-158 | |
| Tawanna Dillahunt; Jennifer Mankoff; Eric Paulos | |||
| Energy use in the home is a topic of increasing interest and concern, and
one on which technology can have a significant impact. However, existing work
typically focuses on moderately affluent homeowners who have relative autonomy
with respect to their home, or does not address socio-economic status, class,
and other related issues. For the 30% of the U.S. population who rent their
homes, many key decisions regarding energy use must be negotiated with a
landlord. Because energy use impacts the bottom line of both landlords and
tenants, this can be a source of conflict in the landlord/tenant relationship.
Ubicomp technologies for reducing energy use in rental units must engage with
landlord/tenant conflicts to be successful. Unfortunately, little detailed
knowledge is available about the impact of landlord/tenant conflicts on energy
use. We present an analysis of a series of qualitative studies with landlords
and tenants. We argue that a consideration of multiple stakeholders, and the
power imbalances among them, will drive important new research questions and
lead to more widely applicable solutions. The main contribution of our work is
a set of open research questions and design recommendations for technologies
that may affect and be affected by the conflict between stakeholders around
energy use. Keywords: domestic computing, energy, inequality, sustainability | |||
| SNUPI: sensor nodes utilizing powerline infrastructure | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 159-168 | |
| Gabe Cohn; Erich Stuntebeck; Jagdish Pandey; Brian Otis; Gregory D. Abowd; Shwetak N. Patel | |||
| A persistent concern of wireless sensors is the power consumption required
for communication, which presents a significant adoption hurdle for practical
ubiquitous computing applications. This work explores the use of the home
powerline as a large distributed antenna capable of receiving signals from
ultra-low-power wireless sensor nodes and thus allowing nodes to be detected at
ranges that are otherwise impractical with traditional over-the-air reception.
We present the design and implementation of small ultra-low-power 27 MHz sensor
nodes that transmit their data by coupling over the powerline to a single
receiver attached to the powerline in the home. We demonstrate the ability of
our general purpose wireless sensor nodes to provide whole-home coverage while
consuming less than 1 mW of power when transmitting (65 üW consumed in our
custom CMOS transmitter). This is the lowest power transmitter to date compared
to those found in traditional whole-home wireless systems. Keywords: powerline, ultra-low-power radio, wireless sensing | |||
| WATTR: a method for self-powered wireless sensing of water activity in the home | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 169-172 | |
| Tim Campbell; Eric Larson; Gabe Cohn; Ramses Alcaide; Shwetak N. Patel | |||
| We present WATTR, a novel self-powered water activity sensor that utilizes
residential water pressure impulses as both a powering and sensing source.
Consisting of a power harvesting circuit, piezoelectric sensor, ultra-low-power
16-bit microcontroller, 16-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and a 433 MHz
wireless transmitter, WATTR is capable of sampling home water pressure at 33 Hz
and transmitting over 3 m when any water fixture in the home is opened or
closed. WATTR provides an alternative sensing solution to the power intensive
Bluetooth-based sensor used in the HydroSense project by Froehlich et al. [2]
for single-point whole-home water usage. We demonstrate WATTR as a viable
self-powered sensor capable of monitoring and transmitting water usage data
without the use of a battery. Unlike other water-based power harvesters, WATTR
does not waste water to power itself. We discuss the design, implementation,
and experimental verification of the WATTR device. Keywords: power harvesting, sensing, water conservation | |||
| Ubicomp to the masses: a large-scale study of two tangible interfaces for download | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 173-182 | |
| Enrico Costanza; Matteo Giaccone; Olivier Kueng; Simon Shelley; Jeffrey Huang | |||
| Tangible user interfaces have been promoted and discussed in the Ubicomp and
HCI communities for 15 years. In TUIs physical objects are used for the control
and representation of digital information, similarly to how icons are used in
graphical user interfaces for the same purpose. Most reported TUI systems have
the nature of research prototypes, available in laboratories or museums. This
paper reports an attempt to understand the impact of TUIs in users' everyday
environments through 2 low-cost simple set-up tangible interfaces for music
that can be freely downloaded from a website. The systems are based on computer
vision, printed paper and audio output. A few hundreds of users downloaded them
and played with them. We logged users interaction with the interfaces and
analysed content posted by them on our own and other web sites to observe and
evaluate how they relate to such novel systems, taking measures to protect
their privacy. Both the interaction logs and the users' comments indicate that
the tangible interfaces were accepted as normal: they were perceived just as
interfaces to make music rather than esoteric systems. Its time to bring
Ubicomp technology to the masses! Keywords: TUI, d-touch, drum machine, massive user observation, musical instrument,
sequencer, user generated content | |||
| What do you bring to the table?: investigations of a collaborative workspace | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 183-192 | |
| Trevor Pering; Kent Lyons; Roy Want; Mary Murphy-Hoye; Mark Baloga; Paul Noll; Joe Branc; Nicolas De Benoist | |||
| Collaborative spaces supporting personal mobile devices provide for a
powerful integration of personalized content with supportive embedded
infrastructure. Social, spatial, and informational considerations have a
salient impact on such modern collaborative spaces. The design, implementation,
and evaluation of a collaborative workspace prototype that directly supports
the integrated use of mobile devices not only yields insights into the basic
capabilities behind such a space, but also a deeper understanding of the
different composition control mechanisms available. Specifically, such
environments can effectively work with existing laptop platforms, and show
increased promise for supporting future generations of smaller mobile devices. Keywords: ad-hoc configuration, collaboration, mobile computing, platform composition,
shared workspace | |||
| Sketching with strangers: in the wild study of ad hoc social communication by drawing | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 193-202 | |
| Panu Åkerman; Arto Puikkonen; Pertti Huuskonen; Antti Virolainen; Jonna Häkkilä | |||
| We describe an in-the-wild experiment with non-verbal ad-hoc communication
between strangers. We connected two night clubs via two interactive tables that
allowed people at each end interact via shared drawings, pre-made symbols and
actions. We interviewed 50 and observed approximately 200 participants. In
local interaction, collaboration was the preferred mode of use, whereas with
remote interaction, communication prevailed. This study demonstrated that
people have such a strong desire to communicate that they are willing to
forgive many imperfections in the channel. It was also evident that people
resorted to stereotypical information to ease the rapid flow of conversation,
when they had only limited knowledge of the other party (just the place). This
paper describes our system design, the user study, and discusses implications
on designing for ad hoc communication and context sharing in urban everyday
environment. Keywords: collaborative interaction, interactive surfaces, multitouch interaction,
prototyping, user studies | |||
| Augmenting on-screen instructions with micro-projected guides: when it works, and when it fails | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 203-212 | |
| Stephanie Rosenthal; Shaun K. Kane; Jacob O. Wobbrock; Daniel Avrahami | |||
| We present a study that evaluates the effectiveness of augmenting on-screen
instructions with micro-projection for manual task guidance unlike prior work,
which replaced screen instructions with alternative modalities (e.g.,
head-mounted displays). In our study, 30 participants completed 10 trials each
of 11 manual tasks chosen to represent a set of common task-components (e.g.,
cutting, folding) found in many everyday activities such as crafts, cooking,
and hobby electronics. Fifteen participants received only on-screen
instructions, and 15 received both on-screen and micro-projected instructions.
In contrast to prior work, which focused only on whole tasks, our study
examines the benefit of augmenting common task instructions. The augmented
instructions improved participants' performance overall; however, we show that
in certain cases when projected guides and physical objects visually
interfered, projected elements caused increased errors. Our results demonstrate
that examining effectiveness at an instruction level is both useful and
necessary, and provide insight into the design of systems that help users
perform everyday tasks. Keywords: augmented reality, computer vision, computer-assisted instruction, everyday
tasks, micro-projection, task guidance | |||
| Tasking networked CCTV cameras and mobile phones to identify and localize multiple people | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 213-222 | |
| Thiago Teixeira; Deokwoo Jung; Andreas Savvides | |||
| We present a method to identify and localize people by leveraging existing
CCTV camera infrastructure along with inertial sensors (accelerometer and
magnetometer) within each person's mobile phones. Since a person's motion path,
as observed by the camera, must match the local motion measurements from their
phone, we are able to uniquely identify people with the phones' IDs by
detecting the statistical dependence between the phone and camera measurements.
For this, we express the problem as consisting of a two-measurement HMM for
each person, with one camera measurement and one phone measurement. Then we use
a maximum a posteriori formulation to find the most likely ID assignments.
Through sensor fusion, our method largely bypasses the motion correspondence
problem from computer vision and is able to track people across large spatial
or temporal gaps in sensing. We evaluate the system through simulations and
experiments in a real camera network testbed. Keywords: cameras, inertial sensors, localization, person identification | |||
| Accuracy characterization of cell tower localization | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 223-226 | |
| Jie Yang; Alexander Varshavsky; Hongbo Liu; Yingying Chen; Marco Gruteser | |||
| Cell tower triangulation is a popular technique for determining the location
of a mobile device. However, cell tower triangulation methods require the
knowledge of the actual locations of cell towers. Because the locations of cell
towers are not publicly available, these methods often need to use estimated
tower locations obtained through wardriving. This paper provides the first
large scale study of the accuracy of two existing methods for cell tower
localization using wardriving data. The results show that naively applying
these methods results in very large localization errors. We analyze the causes
for these errors and conclude that one can localize a cell accurately only if
it falls within the area covered by the wardriving trace. We further propose a
bounding technique to select the cells that fall within the area covered by the
wardriving trace and identify a cell combining optimization that can further
reduce the localization error by half. Keywords: cell localization, cell tower, received signal strength | |||
| A grid-based algorithm for on-device GSM positioning | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 227-236 | |
| Petteri Nurmi; Sourav Bhattacharya; Joonas Kukkonen | |||
| We propose a grid-based GSM positioning algorithm that can be deployed
entirely on mobile devices. The algorithm uses Gaussian distributions to model
signal intensity variations within each grid cell. Position estimates are
calculated by combining a probabilistic centroid algorithm with particle
filtering. In addition to presenting the positioning algorithm, we describe
methods that can be used to create, update and maintain radio maps on a mobile
device. We have implemented the positioning algorithm on Nokia S60 and Nokia
N900 devices and we evaluate the algorithm using a combination of offline and
real world tests. The results indicate that the accuracy of our method is
comparable to state-of-the-art methods, while at the same time having
significantly smaller storage requirements. Keywords: GSM, energy efficiency, fingerprinting, mobile computing, particle
filtering, positioning | |||
| Vehicular speed estimation using received signal strength from mobile phones | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 237-240 | |
| Gayathri Chandrasekaran; Tam Vu; Alexander Varshavsky; Marco Gruteser; Richard P. Martin; Jie Yang; Yingying Chen | |||
| This paper introduces an algorithm that estimates the speed of a mobile
phone by matching time-series signal strength data to a known signal strength
trace from the same road. Knowing a mobile phone's speed is useful, for
example, to estimate traffic congestion or other transportation performance
metrics. The proposed algorithm can be implemented in the carrier's
infrastructure with Network Measurement Reports obtained by a base station or
on a mobile phone with signal strength readings obtained by the handset and
depending on implementation choices, promises lower energy consumption than
Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. We evaluate the effectiveness of our
algorithm on highway and arterial roads using GSM signal strength traces
obtained from several phones over a one month period. The results show that the
Correlation algorithm is significantly more accurate than existing techniques
based on handoffs or phone localization. Keywords: correlation, received signal strength (rss) | |||
| Let's play!: mobile health games for adults | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 241-250 | |
| Andrea Grimes; Vasudhara Kantroo; Rebecca E. Grinter | |||
| Researchers have designed a variety of systems that promote wellness.
However, little work has been done to examine how casual mobile games can help
adults learn how to live healthfully. To explore this design space, we created
OrderUP!, a game in which players learn how to make healthier meal choices.
Through our field study, we found that playing OrderUP! helped participants
engage in four processes of change identified by a well-established health
behavior theory, the Transtheoretical Model: they improved their understanding
of how to eat healthfully and engaged in nutrition-related analytical thinking,
reevaluated the healthiness of their real life habits, formed helping
relationships by discussing nutrition with others and started replacing
unhealthy meals with more nutritious foods. Our research shows the promise of
using casual mobile games to encourage adults to live healthier lifestyles. Keywords: behavior change, casual games, food, health, mobile games, nutrition,
transtheoretical model | |||
| MoviPill: improving medication compliance for elders using a mobile persuasive social game | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 251-260 | |
| Rodrigo de Oliveira; Mauro Cherubini; Nuria Oliver | |||
| Medication compliance is a critical component in the success of any medical
treatment. However, only 50% of patients correctly adhere to their prescription
regimens. Mobile and ubiquitous technologies have been proposed to tackle this
challenge, mainly in the form of memory aid solutions that remind patients to
take their pills. However, most of these methods do not engage patients in
shifting their behavior towards better compliance. In this paper, we propose
and evaluate a mobile phone-based game called MoviPill that persuades patients
to be more adherent to their medication prescription by means of social
competition. In a 6-week user study conducted with 18 elders, the use of
MoviPill improved both their compliance to take the daily medication and also
the accuracy of the drug intake time according to the prescribed time.
Moreover, the improvement in the latter increased from 43% to 56% when we
considered only participants that had any interest in games, which reveals the
importance of applying persuasive techniques in a personalized manner. We
conclude with a set of implications for the design of persuasive mobile
solutions in this domain. Keywords: elderly, medication compliance, persuasive mobile interfaces, user study | |||
| Ambient influence: can twinkly lights lure and abstract representations trigger behavioral change? | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 261-270 | |
| Yvonne Rogers; William R. Hazlewood; Paul Marshall; Nick Dalton; Susanna Hertrich | |||
| Can ubiquitous technologies be designed to nudge people to change their
behavior? If so, how? We describe an ambient installation that was intended to
help people decide -- and to encourage them to reflect -- when confronted with
a choice. In this particular case, it was whether to take the stairs or the
elevator in their place of work. The rationale was to push people towards a
desired behavior at the point of decision-making and to reflect upon theirs and
others' aggregate behavior. We describe the ambient displays that were
developed and the prototyping studies in which they were evaluated. The
findings from an in-the-wild study are then presented. They reveal that even
though people said they were not aware of changing their behavior, logged data
of their actual behavior showed a significant change. We discuss these mixed
findings in relation to whether ambient displays can influence at an
unconscious or conscious level. Keywords: ambient displays, behavioral change, in-the-wild study, persuasive
technology | |||
| Exploring inter-child behavioral relativity in a shared social environment: a field study in a kindergarten | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 271-280 | |
| Inseok Hwang; Hyukjae Jang; Lama Nachman; Junehwa Song | |||
| A kindergarten is an interesting community of young children. The children
continuously share their interactions and experiences, and grow along similar
developmental stages. In this setting, studying relative differences among them
can be an interesting approach to investigating how to help their individual
and social development. In this study, we present our intuition on inter-child
behavioral relativity and apply it to a real kindergarten environment. We
conduct a close user study necessitating the monitoring of the children's
behavior. Then, utilizing wearable sensor technologies, we perform a field
study to explore various interesting aspects of behavioral relativity in an
automatic and quantitative fashion. We consulted the kindergarten teachers with
our results obtained from our field study in order to validate the practical
benefits in the kindergarten environment. We further discuss the potential,
limitations, and opportunities of our approach. Keywords: behavior, children, kindergarten, relativity, sensors, wearable computing | |||
| EmotionSense: a mobile phones based adaptive platform for experimental social psychology research | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 281-290 | |
| Kiran K. Rachuri; Mirco Musolesi; Cecilia Mascolo; Peter J. Rentfrow; Chris Longworth; Andrius Aucinas | |||
| Today's mobile phones represent a rich and powerful computing platform,
given their sensing, processing and communication capabilities. Phones are also
part of the everyday life of billions of people, and therefore represent an
exceptionally suitable tool for conducting social and psychological experiments
in an unobtrusive way.
de the ability of sensing individual emotions as well as activities, verbal and proximity interactions among members of social groups. Moreover, the system is programmable by means of a declarative language that can be used to express adaptive rules to improve power saving. We evaluate a system prototype on Nokia Symbian phones by means of several small-scale experiments aimed at testing performance in terms of accuracy and power consumption. Finally, we present the results of real deployment where we study participants emotions and interactions. We cross-validate our measurements with the results obtained through questionnaires filled by the users, and the results presented in social psychological studies using traditional methods. In particular, we show how speakers and participants' emotions can be automatically detected by means of classifiers running locally on off-the-shelf mobile phones, and how speaking and interactions can be correlated with activity and location measures. Keywords: emotion recognition, energy efficiency, mobile phones, social psychology,
speaker recognition | |||
| Social sensing for epidemiological behavior change | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 291-300 | |
| Anmol Madan; Manuel Cebrian; David Lazer; Alex Pentland | |||
| An important question in behavioral epidemiology and public health is to
understand how individual behavior is affected by illness and stress. Although
changes in individual behavior are intertwined with contagion, epidemiologists
today do not have sensing or modeling tools to quantitatively measure its
effects in real-world conditions. In this paper, we propose a novel application
of ubiquitous computing. We use mobile phone based co-location and
communication sensing to measure characteristic behavior changes in symptomatic
individuals, reflected in their total communication, interactions with respect
to time of day (e.g., late night, early morning), diversity and entropy of
face-to-face interactions and movement. Using these extracted mobile features,
it is possible to predict the health status of an individual, without having
actual health measurements from the subject. Finally, we estimate the temporal
information flux and implied causality between physical symptoms, behavior and
mental health. Keywords: mobile sensing, social computing, spatial epidemiology | |||
| Psycho-physiological measures for assessing cognitive load | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 301-310 | |
| Eija Haapalainen; SeungJun Kim; Jodi F. Forlizzi; Anind K. Dey | |||
| With a focus on presenting information at the right time, the ubicomp
community can benefit greatly from learning the most salient human measures of
cognitive load. Cognitive load can be used as a metric to determine when or
whether to interrupt a user. In this paper, we collected data from multiple
sensors and compared their ability to assess cognitive load. Our focus is on
visual perception and cognitive speed-focused tasks that leverage cognitive
abilities common in ubicomp applications. We found that across all
participants, the electrocardiogram median absolute deviation and median heat
flux measurements were the most accurate at distinguishing between low and high
levels of cognitive load, providing a classification accuracy of over 80% when
used together. Our contribution is a real-time, objective, and generalizable
method for assessing cognitive load in cognitive tasks commonly found in
ubicomp systems and situations of divided attention. Keywords: cognitive load, divided attention, elementary cognitive task, interruption,
psycho-physiological measurement | |||
| Using wearable activity type detection to improve physical activity energy expenditure estimation | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 311-320 | |
| Fahd Albinali; Stephen Intille; William Haskell; Mary Rosenberger | |||
| Accurate, real-time measurement of energy expended during everyday
activities would enable development of novel health monitoring and wellness
technologies. A technique using three miniature wearable accelerometers is
presented that improves upon state-of-the-art energy expenditure (EE)
estimation. On a dataset acquired from 24 subjects performing gym and household
activities, we demonstrate how knowledge of activity type, which can be
automatically inferred from the accelerometer data, can improve EE estimates by
more than 15% when compared to the best estimates from other methods. Keywords: accelerometer, activity recognition, energy expenditure, health, physical
activity, wearable, wireless | |||
| The Wi-Fi privacy ticker: improving awareness & control of personal information exposure on Wi-Fi | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 321-330 | |
| Sunny Consolvo; Jaeyeon Jung; Ben Greenstein; Pauline Powledge; Gabriel Maganis; Daniel Avrahami | |||
| Anyone within range of an 802.11 wireless network ("Wi-Fi") can use free
software to collect the unencrypted web traffic of others on the network.
However, many Wi-Fi users are completely unaware of the risk that this creates.
This work aims to improve users' awareness about what they expose to others on
Wi-Fi networks and provide them with some control. Our system, the Wi-Fi
Privacy Ticker, displays information about the exposure of sensitive terms that
are sent to and from a user's computer and prevents the unencrypted
transmission of terms from the user's computer that she has identified as
highly sensitive. In a three-week field study with 17 participants, we found
that the Wi-Fi Privacy Ticker improved participants' awareness of the
circumstances in which their personal information is transmitted. We show that
this heightened awareness contributed to changes in their behavior while on
Wi-Fi. Keywords: awareness, control, data exposure, data leaks, peripheral displays, privacy,
ticker, wi-fi, wireless network | |||
| Groupthink: usability of secure group association for wireless devices | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 331-340 | |
| Rishab Nithyanand; Nitesh Saxena; Gene Tsudik; Ersin Uzun | |||
| A fairly common modern setting entails users, each in possession of a
personal wireless device, wanting to communicate securely, via their devices.
If these users (and their devices) have no prior association, a new security
context must be established. In order to prevent potential attacks, the initial
context (association) establishment process must involve only the intended
devices and their users.
A number of methods for initial secure association of two devices have been proposed; their usability factors have been explored and compared extensively. However, a more challenging problem of initial secure association of a group of devices (and users) has not received much attention. Although a few secure group association methods have been proposed, their usability aspects have not been studied, especially, in a comparative manner. This paper discusses desirable features and evaluation criteria for secure group association, identifies suitable methods and presents a comparative usability study. Results show that some simple methods (e.g., peer- or leader-based number comparisons) are quite attractive for small groups, being fast, reasonably secure and well-received by users. Keywords: device pairing, group association, usability | |||
| The design and evaluation of a task-centered battery interface | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 341-350 | |
| Khai N. Truong; Julie A. Kientz; Timothy Sohn; Alyssa Rosenzweig; Amanda Fonville; Tim Smith | |||
| Battery interfaces provide important feedback about how much time users can
continue using their mobile devices. Based on this information, they may
develop mental models of the types of activities, tasks, and applications they
can use before needing to recharge. Many of today's battery interfaces tend to
report energy in coarse granularities or are highly inaccurate. As a result,
users may find it difficult to depend on the estimates given. We conducted a
survey with 104 participants to understand how users interact with various
mobile battery interfaces. Based on the survey results, we designed and
prototyped a task-centered battery interface on a mobile device that shows more
accurate information about how long individual and combinations of tasks with
several applications can be performed. Our pilot study of eight users
demonstrated that fine-grained information separated by tasks can help users be
more effective with and increase their understanding of their device's battery
usage. Keywords: battery interface, mobile computing, ubiquitous computing | |||
| A middleware for rapid prototyping smart environments: experiences in research and teaching | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 355-356 | |
| Sebastian Bader; Gernot Ruscher; Thomas Kirste | |||
| While developing distributed systems, like for example a smart environment,
a powerful middleware is required -- not only for the communication between
different devices, but also to support the developers. In this paper, we
discuss our system, which has been developed with a special focus on the needs
in research and teaching in ubiquitous computing. It is based on a tuple space
as underlying storage and a simple network protocol. The system turns out to be
very well suited for both application areas. Keywords: distributed system, middleware, smart environment, tuple-space | |||
| Integrated tool chain for recording and handling large, multimodal context recognition data sets | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 357-358 | |
| David Bannach; Kai Kunze; Jens Weppner; Paul Lukowicz | |||
| The demo will present a tool chain for recording, monitoring, labeling, and
manipulation of complex multimodal data sets for activity recognition. The tool
chain is comprehensive (going from logging, through labeling, monitoring to
post processing and managing the data), integrated (with all tools being able
to cooperate on joint data sets), and build around comfortable graphical user
interfaces. Keywords: activity recognition, context, sensing, toolsets | |||
| Serendipitous family stories: using findings from a study on family communication to share family history | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 359-360 | |
| Frank R. Bentley; Sujoy Kumar Chowduhry | |||
| Storytelling and sharing family histories are important parts of what it
means to "be" a family. Based on results from a study on intergenerational
communication over a distance, we created the Serendipitous Family Stories
system. The service allows family members to create visual and audio stories
about places of importance in their lives and for their relatives to discover
them serendipitously as they go about their lives. We will describe the
motivation for the application and explain its functionality. Results from a
field study are forthcoming. Keywords: communication, family, mobile video, serendipity, storytelling | |||
| EnergyLife: pervasive energy awareness for households | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 361-362 | |
| Christoffer A. Björkskog; Giulio Jacucci; Luciano Gamberini; Tatu Nieminen; Topi Mikkola; Carin Torstensson; Massimo Bertoncini | |||
| We present Energy Life a system utilizing wireless sensors, mobile and
ambient interfaces that turn energy consumers into active players. Energy Life
participants play through different levels collecting scores in savings and
through advice tip reading and quizzes. We describe principles, logic of the
game, implementation and user interfaces providing rationale for design
choices. Key principles embodied in Energy Life are: situated and combined
feedback including knowledge and consumption information, intuitiveness and
non-intrusiveness by utilizing an always at hand solution on a touch enabled
smart phone and lighting as an ambient interface, sustained interaction and
engagement by using a applied game that connects players within and between
households. Keywords: domestic systems, energy awareness, interaction design, mobile interaction,
serious games | |||
| Open-M3: smart space with COTS devices | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 363-364 | |
| Matti Eteläperä; Kari Keinänen; Jussi Kiljander; Pasi Hyttinen; Vesa Pehkonen; Janne Väre; Juha-Pekka Soininen | |||
| Support of legacy devices and services is crucial for the adoption of new
smart space technologies. We present two technologies which enable the
formation of local ad-hoc smart spaces with commercial off-the-shelf (COTS)
devices. First of these technologies is NoTA, which is a service oriented
architecture enabling networks of devices with different physical transports.
Second one is Smart-M3, which is a semantic information sharing architecture
for smart spaces. It aims at opening physical world information for the use of
services and applications in the information world, thus enabling new types of
mash-up applications. In our demonstration -- Open-M3 -- we show how these
technologies are used to build a small, yet extendable smart space for sensor
monitoring using COTS devices. Keywords: cots, middleware, smart spaces | |||
| Remote virtual devices: middleware for dynamic device composition | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 365-366 | |
| Felipe Gil-Castiñeira; Raja Bose | |||
| New mobile devices are equipped with a plethora of sensors and peripheral
devices such as accelerometers and gyroscopes, which are not available as input
mechanisms in traditional desktop and tabletop computing environments. However,
the utilization of these novel input devices would provide opportunities for
new and more natural user experiences beyond the traditional
keyboard-mouse-touch paradigm. For example, it should be possible to use the
accelerometer in a mobile phone as the input device for a game running on a PC.
In this demonstration, we showcase a virtual device framework which enables the
sharing of embedded peripherals between heterogeneous computing devices over
any IP-based network in an application agnostic manner. We further show
examples of use cases which utilize this framework to provide a richer and more
natural user experience for existing desktop applications. Keywords: device composition, distributed devices, input devices, middleware, output
devices, sensors | |||
| Demonstrating EnTracked a system for energy-efficient position tracking for mobile devices | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 367-368 | |
| Mikkel Baun Kjærgaard; Jakob Langdal; Torben Godsk; Thomas Toftkjær | |||
| An important feature of a modern mobile device is that it can position
itself. Not only for use on the device but also for remote applications that
require tracking of the device. To be useful, such position tracking has to be
energy-efficient to avoid having a major impact on the battery life of the
mobile device. To address this challenge we have build a system named EnTracked
that, based on the estimation and prediction of system conditions and mobility,
schedules position updates to both minimize energy consumption and optimize
robustness. In this demonstration we would like to show how the system can
lower the energy consumption and remain robust as pedestrians targets move
around in the city center of Copenhagen. Keywords: GPS, energy, mobile devices | |||
| Deployment planning tool for indoor 3D-WSNs | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 369-370 | |
| Marc T. Kouakou; Shinya Yamamoto; Keiichi Yasumoto; Minoru Ito | |||
| When deploying an indoor 3D WSN, it is important to be able to determine
positions of the sensor nodes that achieve the full-coverage of the target
space and the connectivity between the sensor nodes with the minimum deployment
cost. The sensor node deployment problem for 3D coverage and connectivity is
NP-hard even without obstacles in the target field. Furthermore, no study has
systematically examined the optimal 3D WSN deployment considering both
obstacles and deployment cost. We have developed a heuristic algorithm for
computing a near optimal solution that minimizes the cost for achieving the
full coverage and node connectivity in a 3D target space with obstacles. We
have implemented the algorithm in the smartspace simulator UbiREAL so that the
designers can interactively determine the near-optimal sensor node positions
thorough visualization of the achievable coverage and the sensor positions on a
3D virtual space. In this demonstration, we show, for different configurations
of the target space and WSN parameters, how the tool computes the sensor
positions and visualizes the results such as achievable covered area, sensor
positions, and the total cost. Keywords: 3D wireless sensor network, connectivity, coverage, sensor deployment
planning tool | |||
| A demonstration of position and orientation sensor for two-dimensional communication networks | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 371-372 | |
| Kei Nakatsuma; Yuichi Tanno; Hiroyuki Shinoda | |||
| This demonstration presents a networking infrastructure for a wireless,
battery-less, and location-aware ubiquitous environment. Our group has
developed "Two-Dimensional Communication (2DC)" technology, which enables
network nodes placed on a thin sheet to communicate with one another and to
receive electricity wirelessly. We have also developed a function for positions
and orientation detection of devices placed on the sheet as well as the data
and power transmission. Keywords: device localization, surface networking, two-dimensional communication (2DC) | |||
| Prototype implementation of wireless sensor network using TV broadcast RF energy harvesting | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 373-374 | |
| Hiroshi Nishimoto; Yoshihiro Kawahara; Tohru Asami | |||
| Energy harvesting is a key technique that can be used to overcome the
barriers that prevent the real world deployment of wireless sensor networks. We
explored the use of airwaves of TV broadcasts as energy sources to power
wireless sensor nodes. We measured the output of a rectenna continuously for 7
days. The experimental results showed that the daily and weekly cycles of TV
broadcasts affected the harvested energy output. We developed a Radio Frequency
(RF) energy harvesting wireless sensor network prototype to show the
effectiveness of RF energy harvesting for the usage of a wireless sensor
network. We also proposed a duty cycle determination method for our system, and
verified this by implementation. Keywords: RF energy harvesting, rectenna, scheduling, wireless sensor networks | |||
| Leveraging the web of things for rapid prototyping of UbiComp applications | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 375-376 | |
| Benedikt Ostermaier; Fabian Schlup; Matthias Kovatsch | |||
| An increasing number of real-world entities is currently being connected to
the Internet and the World Wide Web. We argue that this development is the
precursor of a Web of Things (WoT), which in turn provides a promising way to
prototype UbiComp applications, by significantly lowering the technical
barriers for making things "smart". In this paper, we outline how sensors,
actuators and Web services can easily be combined in the WoT in order to enable
rapid prototyping of UbiComp applications. Keywords: physical mash-ups, rapid prototyping, web of things | |||
| Gaze-based interaction with public displays using off-the-shelf components | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 377-378 | |
| Javier San Agustin; John Paulin Hansen; Martin Tall | |||
| Eye gaze can be used to interact with high-density information presented on
large displays. We have built a system employing off-the-shelf hardware
components and open-source gaze tracking software that enables users to
interact with an interface displayed on a 55" screen using their eye movements.
The system works at a viewing distance of 1 to 1.5 meters and requires a 30
second calibration procedure for every user. We demonstrate how it can be used
to navigate a digital bulletin board display with several notes on top of each
other. There are some technical challenges detecting the eyes when people are
wearing glasses and when external light sources are present. Keywords: gaze interaction, low-cost eye tracking, off-the-shelf components, public
displays | |||
| Grouper: a proof-of-concept wearable wireless group coordinator | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 379-380 | |
| Fayette W. Shaw; Eric Klavins | |||
| We introduce Grouper, a proof-of-concept wearable wireless group
coordinator. Users wear modules each consisting of a microprocessor, a wireless
radio, and various electronics to provide sensory cues to users. These sensory
cues alert the users to pay attention to the leader of the group, thus
augmenting a leader's ability to direct a group. Wearable devices have been
used to observe social interactions but few have been used to coordinate a
group of users. Keywords: computational textiles, multi-agent systems, wearable computing | |||
| Locaccino: a privacy-centric location sharing application | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 381-382 | |
| Eran Toch; Justin Cranshaw; Paul Hankes-Drielsma; Jay Springfield; Patrick Gage Kelley; Lorrie Cranor; Jason Hong; Norman Sadeh | |||
| Locaccino is a location sharing application designed to empower users to
effectively control their privacy. It has been piloted by close to 2000 users
and has been used by researchers as an experimental platform for conducting
research on location-based social networks. Featured technologies include
expressive privacy rule creation, detailed feedback mechanisms that help users
understand their privacy, algorithms for analyzing privacy preferences, and
clients for mobile computers and smartphone devices. In addition, variations of
Locaccino are also being piloted as part of research on user-controllable
policy learning, learning usable privacy personas and reconciling
expressiveness and user burden. The purpose of this demo is to introduce
participants to the features of Locaccino, so that they can try out the
Locaccino smartphone and laptop applications on their own devices, locate their
friends and colleagues, and set rich privacy policies for sharing their
location. Keywords: location sharing technology, mobile social technology, privacy | |||
| Material computing: computing materials | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 383-384 | |
| Anna Vallgårda; Tomas Sokolar | |||
| Embedding computers into our environment is perhaps not only a job for
computer scientist and engineers. We propose to understand the computer as a
material for design as means to invite artists, architect, and designers to
participate in envisioning how and where the computational power can be used.
We will invite the conference attendees to (once again) think about how to
bridge the so-called gap between computational and material properties but this
time using a material rather than the traditional information centric
perspective. The invitation is extended through hands-on experiences with our
two samples of computational composites. Keywords: computational composites, design, form-giving, materials, ubiquitous
computing | |||
| CastOven: a microwave oven with just-in-time video clips | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 385-386 | |
| Keita Watanabe; Shota Matsuda; Michiaki Yasumura; Masahiko Inami; Takeo Igarashi | |||
| In this paper, we propose a novel microwave oven called CastOven. CastOven
is a microwave oven with a LCD display that enables people to enjoy videos
while they are waiting for the completion of cooking. Current media contents
force us to adjust our schedules to enjoy them. Media contents, especially
movies, take specific time durations to watch them, but it is not easy to
squeeze in time to do so in daily life. The system identifies the idle time in
daily life and delivers an appropriate amount of media content to the user to
enjoy during their idle time. Keywords: context-aware, everyday computing, home appliance, interaction design,
mash-up, ubiquitous computing | |||
| Propinquity: exploring embodied gameplay | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 387-388 | |
| Amanda Williams; Lynn Hughes; Bart Simon | |||
| Consumer game platforms are realizing Ubicomp's vision of seamless,
sensor-based, embodied interaction with computation. Here we present
Propinquity, a full-body dancing/fighting game using proximity and touch
sensing. Relying primarily on auditory feedback, Propinquity attempts to
reconfigure sensor-based gameplay as an activity where players orient towards
one another rather than a central screen. By presenting this particular demo,
we hope to stimulate discussion of embodiment, expressiveness, play,
performance, and social production in both ubicomp interaction and game design. Keywords: embodied interaction, gaming, play, proximity sensing, wearable | |||
| NeuroWander: a BCI game in the form of interactive fairy tale | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 389-390 | |
| Myeung-Sook Yoh; Joonho Kwon; Sunghoon Kim | |||
| In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of a Brain-Computer
Interface (BCI) game, called "Neuro Wander", which is based on the German fairy
tale Hansel and Gretel. NeuroWander can not only process the inputs from a
keyboard or a mouse, but also transfer the gamers' brainwaves through a certain
BCI device such as NeuroSky Mindset. The objective of NeuroWander is to provide
a simple example for how to realize the principle desire of gamers in fantasy
world: "think and make it happen without any physical touch". It is concluded
that neuroadaptive interfaces need to be well combined with proper form of
entertainment contents to satisfy the sophisticated taste of game users at the
age of "digital fun playing in anytime and at anyplace". Keywords: brain-computer interface (BCI), brainwaves, concentration power, serious
game, ubiquitous games | |||
| User activity understanding from mobile phone sensors | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 391-392 | |
| Yuki Arase; Fei Ren; Xing Xie | |||
| Context acquisition is an important technology for ubiquitous computing. An
ideal approach would be easy to deploy and non-intrusive to people's life.
Mobile phones equipped with advanced sensors are preferable platform owing to
their user-friendliness and freedom from extra costs to deploy. In this study,
we propose to use a mobile phone to detect user contexts. We formally define
the concept of context and then describe applications that leverage people's
long-term activity, which can be inferred from their contexts. Keywords: activity understanding, context acquisition, context-awareness, mobile
phone, sensor | |||
| FOAF: improving detected social network accuracy | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 393-394 | |
| Jamie Banford; Alisdair McDiarmid; James Irvine | |||
| This paper presents a Bluetooth-triggered friend-of-a-friend (FOAF) presence
notification application as a means to improve the accuracy of social graphs
detected via mobile networks. By checking for common contacts between
co-present users, it both introduces users who are not already acquainted, and
improves the accuracy of the detected social graph. Keywords: bluetooth, mobile social networking, social graph, socially aware
applications, user proximity | |||
| φ{sup:2}: exploring physical check-ins for location-based services | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 395-396 | |
| Sebastian Büttner; Henriette Cramer; Mattias Rost; Nicolas Belloni; Lars Erik Erik Holmquist | |||
| This paper presents the φ{sup:2} ('Phi-square') Scanner and φ{sup:2}
Barcode Generator -- an exploration of physical check-ins for location-based
services. The system uses 2D barcodes to retrieve and share semantic location
information. Users can scan barcodes at venues that activate a location-based
application with the corresponding venue page. This system overcomes problems
arising when users have to select their location manually. We expect an
enhanced user experience using physical artefacts in location-based services. Keywords: 2D barcodes, QR-codes, location-based services, mobile, physical check-in | |||
| RFID localization for tangible and embodied multi-user interaction with museum exhibits | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 397-398 | |
| Francesco Cafaro; Leilah Lyons; Joshua Radinsky; Jessica Roberts | |||
| RFID is usually used for identification but with some post-processing it can
also be used for localization. These properties expand the typical range of
possible interactions with digital displays in museums. Our goal is to
encourage the collaborative investigation of a rich information space presented
on an Ambient Display in a museum exhibit. We consider two different models of
interacting with an exhibit: Tangible Control, wherein passive RFID tags are
embedded in some artifacts and multiple users can control the information on
the screen by moving those artifacts, and Embodied Control, wherein people
directly carry an RFID tag and interact with the information by walking within
the simulation space. Each model has different implications for how the
visitors might relate (a) to the information being displayed, and (b) to one
another. Here we present preliminary results on the suitability of a
single-reader and passive tag setup for providing localization input. Keywords: ambient display, embodied user interface, human-data interaction, informal
learning environments, tangible user interface | |||
| Ubiquitous geo-referenced social skills therapy | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 399-400 | |
| Marco de Sá; Luís Carriço; Joana Neca; Nádia Fernandes; Pedro Feiteira; Ricardo Pereira; Pedro Bernardo; João Faria; Isabel Sá | |||
| Outdoor activities are a major component of Social Competency Training, as
part of psychotherapy, for children and teenagers. Goals such as talking to
someone or visiting a specific place are set by a therapist and patients are
required to complete them usually following a certain sequence. Currently,
therapists are unable to control this process as the procedures are usually
supported by paper artifacts and, most of the times, take place outside the
office. This leads to the therapist's inability to promote collaborative
efforts and to reinforce positive attitudes, affecting both the therapy process
and its results.
In this paper we present a software system that relies on mobile devices to support geo-referenced collaborative in-situ group therapy. We describe the concept, the system and its features and discuss future work directions. Keywords: geo-referenced psychotherapy, mobile devices | |||
| Beyond context-awareness: context prediction in an industrial application | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 401-402 | |
| Yong Ding; Hedda R. Schmidtke; Michael Beigl | |||
| In this paper, we discuss the benefits of context prediction for an
industrial application in open cast mining. The goal of context prediction is
not only to recognize the current context, but also to predict the future
context. Context prediction enables a system to become truly proactive. For
industrial applications, this can entail concrete monetary value. The paper
describes the general concept and how it can be applied in production of raw
materials, based on currently used technology. Keywords: context awareness, context prediction, industrial applications | |||
| Social contraptions and embodied interaction | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 403-404 | |
| Jared Donovan; Robb Mitchell | |||
| In this paper we introduce the idea of "social contraptions", which are
interactive physical devices employed as designerly explorations of social
relations as mediated by physical space and artefacts. We present two
independent but related design explorations that were situated in fine art and
industrial research contexts. We argue that these contraptions open up for
exploration some interaction issues related to the theme of 'Embodied
Facilitation'. This is particularly in relation to awareness and coordination
between interactants as mediated by the spatial and material configuration of
the contraptions. These methods, as well as the insights gained from them can
contribute to the development of the emerging field of embodied interaction. Keywords: embodied interaction, exploratory design methods, social contraptions | |||
| Physiological data gathering in mobile environments | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 405-406 | |
| Luís Duarte; Marco de Sá; Luís Carriço | |||
| Mobile environments and applications have been the target of extensive
research with a focus on usability assessment methods and combating user
experience issues. These methods rely mostly on observable data, discarding a
significant amount of data which can be captured from the users. Physiological
measures capture is a growing research theme in which biological signals are
used as means to interact with an application. This type of interaction allows
researchers to access data which would otherwise be concealed using traditional
assessment techniques. This paper describes the use of such interaction
techniques in mobile environments through the use of a comprehensive platform
which integrates means to assess users' heartbeat rate. Keywords: mobile environments, physiological interaction | |||
| A novel similarity measure for time series data with applications to gait and activity recognition | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 407-408 | |
| Jordan Frank; Shie Mannor; Doina Precup | |||
| In this abstract, we propose a novel approach to modeling time-series for
the purpose of comparing segments of data in order to classify activities based
on accelerometer sensor data. Our approach consists of producing an ensemble of
simple classifiers that can be built and can classify new data efficiently. We
present empirical results from an implementation of our algorithm running on a
mobile phone, demonstrating the efficiency and performance of our technique on
real-world data. Our algorithm is able to identify individuals based on their
gait, and can be used in a semi-supervised setting to label large data sets
using a small number of labeled examples. Our method can also be used in an
unsupervised setting to visualize time-series data, for example, to identify
the number of different activities that occur in an unlabeled data set. Keywords: activity recognition, clustering time series, gait recognition, supervised
learning, time-delay embedding models, unsupervised learning | |||
| EVIDANCE: a mobile application for orchestrating multiple services ecologies | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 409-410 | |
| Leonardo Giusti; Massimo Zancanaro | |||
| In this paper, we introduce some preliminary considerations on the design of
interactive system in a service based-economy. The discussion is supported by
an early design exploration of a mobile application aimed to support people in
orchestrating multiple services ecologies in their everyday life. Keywords: mobile, services, user experience | |||
| Acoustic source localization of everyday sounds using wireless sensor networks | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 411-412 | |
| Yukang Guo; Mike Hazas | |||
| Acoustic events are a rich source of information for context-awareness and
support various application areas, such as audio surveillance [1], sound
sensing [2], intelligent auditory interfaces [3] and speech localization [4].
Acoustic localization solutions are also increasingly becoming important and
feasible due to recent advances in personal portable computing devices (e.g.
smart phones, PDAs and laptops), where rapidly deployable distributed
fine-grain acoustic localization systems can help to locate mobile users and
devices for using in location-aware interfaces and applications. However, while
a number of acoustic localization systems have been proposed over the last few
decades, these generally require the use of expensive dedicated microphone
arrays and have been developed only for a single or limited number of acoustic
events, tailored to specific scenarios. Many different types of acoustic events
exist in our everyday environments, hence, in this work we address the general
problem of how to localize multiple classes of acoustic events in a distributed
sensor environment. We propose a framework for detecting and locating events
(e.g., speech, clicks, footsteps, or the sound of an object put down on a
table) according to generic acoustic characteristics and present a preliminary
evaluation. Keywords: acoustic source localization, audio classification | |||
| Surprise trips: a system to augment the natural experience of exploration | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 413-414 | |
| Matthias Korn; Raghid Kawash; Lisbet Andersen | |||
| Little treasures in nature often go unnoticed by visitors when roaming about
in a national park. Ubiquitous technology with its less intrusive character may
be apt to enhance this natural experience of exploration. In this paper, we
report on a system that augments this experience. It builds on the theme of
surprises as well as utilizing physical icons both as representation of users'
interests and as notification tokens to alert users when they are within
proximity of a surprise. We developed mock-up prototypes and a video prototype
to do brief evaluations with target users. The evaluation shows that the
concept is viable and deserves further development. Additionally, our focus on
the users' interests and what they may consider to be of value to them is
noteworthy and deserves further attention when designing ubiquitous technology
for outdoor experiences. Keywords: human values, natural exploration, outdoor experience, physical icons,
ubiquitous computing | |||
| Gathering requirements for a personal health management system | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 415-416 | |
| Jim Milewski; Hector Parra | |||
| To design an application that supports an individual's self-care activities,
we must understand how they are currently using health information. However,
little is known about the support people need for using health information. In
this work, we conducted semi-structured interviews to find out how people use
health information. We found that people use health information to understand
their disease, to establish their role in managing the disease, and to achieve
their actual management goals. From the results, we extracted a set of
functional requirements for a personal health management system. Our system is
unique because it provides personalized information, utilizes visualizations to
display the effects of uncontrolled diabetes, and engages the patient's social
network. Keywords: diabetes, personal health management | |||
| Understanding Hatsukaichi-Shuku post town in the Edo period using old drawing map stored in GPS&PDA | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 417-418 | |
| Takaharu Miyoshi; Hideki Ueshima; Hiroshi Moriyasu; Yoshitaka Aoyama | |||
| We developed the software for PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) equipped with
GPS (Global Positioning System) to understand Haruskaichi-Shuku post town which
prospered during the Edo period (1603~1867). There are very few old,
traditional houses remaining in the region, so the town at that time could be
experienced by walking through using the corrected old drawing map stored in
PDA. People interested in the history and culture of the region have found the
technique to be very useful. Keywords: GPS supporting tool, development of pda software, region's history and
culture, understanding the old post town | |||
| Eyes, grip and gesture as objective indicators of intentions and attention | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 419-420 | |
| Ditte Hvas Mortensen | |||
| This poster abstract presents the first part of a study concerning the use
of information about gaze, grip and gesture to create non-command interaction.
The experiment reported here seeks to establish the occurrence of patterns in
nonverbal communication, which may be used in an activity aware setup that
seeks to adjust to the individual's intentions and attention. Results indicate
that basic patterns of facial direction and grip are correlated with intention
and/or attention, and an analysis of gesture patterns is currently being
performed. Keywords: activity-aware technology, human-technology interaction, multimodal
interaction, ubiquitous computing | |||
| ALIS: an interactive ecosystem for sustainable living | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 421-422 | |
| Johnny Rodgers; Lyn Bartram | |||
| Engaging occupants in conservation efforts is a key part of reducing our
ecological footprint. To this end, we have developed the Aware Living Interface
System (ALIS), an integrated in-home system that supports residents in
awareness of resource use, facilitates efficient control of house systems, and
encourages conservation in daily activities. Initial responses from deployments
in two high-profile sustainable homes indicate the potential and challenges
involved in supporting sustainable living. Keywords: interactive ecosystem, occupant engagement, resource conservation,
sustainability | |||
| Geolocation in the mobile web browser | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 423-424 | |
| Mattias Rost; Henriette Cramer; Nicolas Belloni; Lars Erik Holmquist | |||
| Current mobile browser capabilities make it possible to quickly develop
advanced mobile location based services without having to write device specific
software, or build custom hardware. We here describe three web applications
exploring using location within mobile browsers (TågAlong, NearMe and
LocalURL). These explorations show clear potential for using geolocation in the
web browser in order to reach a larger user base, with a greater variety of
devices, thus allowing for UbiComp researchers to explore the effects of
specific services and applications on a larger scale. We discuss the services,
as well as the potential and challenges with using the user's location directly
in the browser. Keywords: geolocation, location-based services, mobile services | |||
| WEtransport: a context-based ride sharing platform | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 425-426 | |
| Alireza Sahami Shirazi; Thomas Kubitza; Florian Alt; Bastian Pfleging; Albrecht Schmidt | |||
| In densely populated urban areas high amounts of traffic pose a major
problem, which affects the environment, economy, and our lives. From a user's
perspective, the main issues include delays due to traffic jams, lack of
parking space and high costs due to increasing fuel prices (e.g., if commuting
long distances). Collective transportation (CT), e.g., public transport
systems, provides a partly solution to these issues. Yet, CT does not support
door-to-door transportation hence reducing convenience; it might be limited in
off-peak hours, and it is still a cost factor when traveling long distances. A
solution to these issues is ride sharing, an evolving form of CT making
alternative transportation more affordable. In this paper we present a modular,
context-aware ride sharing platform. We aim at enhancing convenience,
reliability, and affordability of different forms of ride sharing by means of
context data. Addition-ally our approach supports an easy server- and
client-side expansion due to the modular platform structure. Keywords: car pooling, collective transportation, mobile phone, ride sharing, ticket
sharing | |||
| Highly integratable large-scale displays for public spaces | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 427-428 | |
| Munehiko Sato; Yasuhiro Suzuki; Shinya Nishizaka; Yusuke Torigoe; Atsushi Izumihara; Atsushi Hiyama; Kunihiro Nishimura; Tomohiro Tanikawa; Michitaka Hirose | |||
| The use of large visual displays in public space has become increasingly
popular. However, it is still difficult to install new displays in already
existing buildings because of the large and rigid hardware associated with such
displays. In this paper, we describe a highly integratable, easily and quickly
installable, and lightweight display system for use in existing public
buildings. We describe the technical design and implementation of the display
system and describe an application of the display for public audiences. Keywords: digital public art, information visualization, public display, urban display | |||
| Behavior-based stigmergic navigation | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 429-430 | |
| Shin-ya Sato; Tetsuya Nakamura; Yoshiaki Sato | |||
| We propose a new approach for navigating people in a ubiquitous computing
environment by using digital pheromone trails, similar to ants being led by
pheromones to a food source. Unlike ants, humans can use their intelligence in
selecting routes. Our idea is to compile such intelligence by accumulating the
history of people's rational behaviors and leaving this history as digital
pheromones in the environment for later use. In simulations of navigation
services, we found that the original ant colony optimization (ACO), which is a
metaheuristic based on the foraging activity of ants, does not completely fit
our purpose. Therefore, two modifications were made to the original ACO. Our
simulation results show that people can be successfully navigated by simulated
services implemented using these modified ACOs. Keywords: ant colony optimization, destination advertisement, directional pheromone | |||
| Paper to parameters: designing tangible simulation input | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 431-432 | |
| Tia Shelley; Leilah Lyons; Jingmin Shi; Emily Minor; Moira Zellner | |||
| We present a new low-cost paper-based user interface strategy
(Paper-to-Parameters) for making interaction with simulations of complex
systems pragmatic within an Environmental Science curriculum. Students specify
initial simulation conditions by sticking pieces of paper to a wall, and can
experiment with the simulation by repositioning the pieces of paper. Computer
vision recognizes the paper-based symbols and converts them into parameters
used by the simulation. This tangible input approach contrasts with current
slider- and programming-based approaches for interacting with simulations. We
hypothesize that the affordances of this interaction strategy better supports
manipulations of spatial simulation parameters. We report here on the initial
prototype of the system, and present plans for future work. Keywords: K-12 education, agent-based models, complex systems, computer vision,
tangible user interfaces | |||
| Running gestures: hands-free interaction during physical activity | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 433-434 | |
| Boris Smus; Vassilis Kostakos | |||
| This paper presents Running Gestures, an interaction technique that relies
on foot gestures while running. A prototype and evaluation of one of the
proposed gestures, a mid-stride skip, is presented in detail. The developed
prototype is used by runners to change the currently playing music track, and
the evaluation compares users' performance in relation to other methods of
changing tracks while running. The results show that Running Gestures is a
highly effective way of interacting with a system when running. Keywords: foot gestures, interaction technique, music player, running | |||
| CU-Later: a communication system considering time difference | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 435-436 | |
| Hitomi Tsujita; Svetlana Yarosh; Gregory D. Abowd | |||
| Despite the widespread use of technology for social communication across
distance, a number of barriers to such contact still exist. One such barrier is
the problem of communicating with people in different time zones. To address
this problem, we propose the CU-Later system which considers the time
difference between two locations. CU-Later is a system which allows
synchronizing activities across time zones by displaying recorded video of a
remote activity after a time shift. As one example of its use, the system
connects two remote dining tables and lets users see and hear each other having
dinner despite actually having done so at different times. We discuss the
design of this system and a preliminary field test of time-shifted video. Keywords: home, remote communication awareness, time difference, video | |||
| SocialMedicineBox: a communication system for the elderly using medicine box | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 437-438 | |
| Hitomi Tsujita; Gregory D. Abowd | |||
| With a growing aging population, it has become a very important issue to
monitor elderly people who are increasingly living alone and away from their
families. Many research projects have explored this issue. However, these are
mainly focused on one-way communication. In this paper, we proposed a new
communication system for the elderly using a medicine chest. The "Social
Medicine Box" is a system which notifies the status of the elderly taking
medicines as well as their feeling a picture sent automatically to their
family. The elderly can also get feedback and communicate with their family as
well as their social network (e.g. Twitter and Facebook). In addition, it
allows family members living apart to seamlessly share the information without
the annoyance of having to initiate conversation. Keywords: communication, elderly, health, home, medicine, social network | |||
| LetterTwitter: smart mailbox for spam-filtered notification of received letters | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 439-440 | |
| Koji Tsukada; Yuka Mizushima; Ai Ogata; Itiro Siio | |||
| We propose a smart mailbox called "LetterTwitter" that can automatically
capture dropped snail mail (s-mail), classify pictures into several categories
(e.g., letters or flyers), and upload categorized pictures to the Web. Users
can easily get spam-filtered notification of received letters using PCs or
cellular phones equipped with common web browsers. Keywords: Twitter, mailbox, smart house, snail mail, ubiquitous computing | |||
| Convenience probe: a participatory sensing tool to collect large-scale consumer flow behaviors | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 441-442 | |
| Chuang-Wen You; Chih-Chiang Wei; Yu-Han Chen; Jya-Cheng Hu; Wei-Fehng Wang; Hao-Hua Chu; Lien-Ti Bei; Ming-Syan Chen | |||
| This paper proposes Convenience Probe, a participatory sensing tool to
collect large-scale consumer flow behaviors from everyday mobile phones. We
hope to use Convenience Probe to collect real consumer flow data that will help
convenience store chains in store location assessment. Keywords: consumer behavior monitoring, consumer flow, participatory sensing | |||
| Throw your photos: an intuitive approach for sharing between mobile phones and interactive tables | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 443-444 | |
| Fadi Chehimi; Enrico Rukzio | |||
| Many approaches have been proposed to connect mobile phones with interactive
tables. Most rely on having the phone placed on table all times, which may
hinder the overall user experience with applications on phones in general and
with photo sharing ones in particular: privacy, intuitiveness of use, and
technology limits are on stake. We introduce in this paper an approach which
allows users to have the phone in hand when interacting with photo manipulation
applications on tables, supported with natural gestures of throwing photos off
the phone onto the table and dragging them into it to enhance the connected
relationship between the two physical entities even when placed apart. Keywords: gestures, interactive tables, mobile phones, sharing | |||
| Bayesian recognition of motion related activities with inertial sensors | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 445-446 | |
| Korbinian Frank; Maria Josefa Vera Nadales; Patrick Robertson; Tom Pfeifer | |||
| This work presents the design and evaluation of an activity recognition
system for seven important motion related activities. The only sensor used is
an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) worn on the belt.
For classification, we applied Bayesian techniques, based on relevant features of the IMU raw data which are calculated in real time. Based on a complete labelled data set, i.e. supervised by an observing human judge, a K2 learning algorithm by Cooper and Herskovits was used to construct the Bayesian Network (BN) of the features. Our comparison of dynamic and static inference algorithms, based on the evaluation of the labelled data sets recorded from 16 male and female subjects show that a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based on a learnt BN provides the best results. Keywords: activity recognition, Bayesian networks, context inference, inertial
navigation | |||
| MyState: using NFC to share social and contextual information in a quick and personalized way | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 447-448 | |
| Robert Hardy; Enrico Rukzio; Paul Holleis; Gregor Broll; Matthias Wagner | |||
| Sharing social or contextual information on a social networking site is
typically a quick and easy process using a laptop or desktop. However, on many
occasions, the need to share this information will occur away from a computer.
As an alternative, a mobile phone could be used. However, inputting the
information via the phone can be time-consuming and even intrude on the user's
other tasks. This will increase the likelihood that the information is lost or
retrospective. By tagging physical objects using Near-Field Communication (NFC)
technology, MyState provides a way for users to make the environment (to which
the information is associated) interactive. By simply touching these objects
with their NFC phone, they can quickly and conveniently publish this
information to the virtual world. A Facebook application was used to exemplify
the concept and explore the different ways in which users personalize these
tagged interfaces to address their own needs. Keywords: NFC, context, social, touch | |||
| Peek-A-Boo: the design of a mobile family media space | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 449-450 | |
| Carman Neustaedter; Tejinder K. Judge | |||
| Family members often want to share experiences and events in their lives
even when they cannot be in the same location at the same time. In many cases,
at least one family member is mobile. Video conferencing systems permit sharing
experiences and everyday events; however, it is often not possible to use them
while mobile. To explore this design space, we prototyped a mobile media space
called Peek-A-Boo that provides two-way live video sharing between a mobile
phone and a digital frame in the home. Family members can use the media space
to gather availability awareness and also share episodes of everyday life by
augmenting voice calls with shared video. These features can help family
members feel more connected when separated by distance through sharing
experiences in the moment. Keywords: awareness, families, media spaces, mobile phones, video | |||
| MagicPhone: pointing & interacting | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 451-452 | |
| Jiahui Wu; Gang Pan; Daqing Zhang; Shijian Li; Zhaohui Wu | |||
| Mobile phones are becoming a kind of must-have portable devices for people.
This video demonstrates a mobile phone that can sense what you are pointing to
and can act as a physical ubiquitous interaction device in real world, called
MagicPhone. If you want to interact with an appliance around you, you just
simply point the MagicPhone to it and then operate. The MagicPhone uses both
the built-in accelerometer and magnetometer to sense the pointing orientation.
Using MagicPhone, you only need to point to a device and sliding your finger,
to show a picture on a display, to send a document to a laptop, to share slides
on a projector, and to print a photo. In addition, MagicPhone can control a
selected device with accelerometer-based gestures, e.g. changing TV channels.
It also can serve as a mouse to draw a picture or play clicking games. Keywords: gestural control, magnetometer, mobile phone, pointing interaction | |||
| Supporting self-expression for informal communication | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 453-456 | |
| Lisa G. Cowan | |||
| Mobile phones are becoming the central tools for communicating and can help
us keep in touch with friends and family on-the-go. However, they can also
place high demands on attention and constrain interaction. My research concerns
how to design communication mechanisms that mitigate these problems to support
self-expression for informal communication on mobile phones. I will study how
people communicate with camera-phone photos, paper-based sketches, and
projected information and how this communication impacts social practices. Keywords: communication, mobile, self-expression | |||
| Routine as resource for the design of learning systems | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 457-460 | |
| Scott Davidoff | |||
| Even though the coordination of kids' activities is largely successful, the
modern dual income family still regularly experiences breakdowns in their
practices. Families often rely on routines to help them coordinate when plans
prove less effective. Routines, however, are rarely documented, challenging to
express in detail, and frequently evolving, making them cumbersome to manually
describe and so largely unavailable to computational systems as input. This
work proposes that this disconnect can be overcome, and argues that
unsupervised models of family routine can be learned using a single,
lightweight sensor. This way, the successful but tacit knowledge of the routine
might be captured and exploited by learning systems, providing a new kind of
information for families and computational systems alike. A method is proposed
to develop a Bayesian Network to reason about the state of family coordination.
This model relies on learned routines of pickup and drop-off at kids'
activities. Keywords: data mining, family coordination, machine learning, statistical modeling,
unsupervised learning | |||
| Design dimensions of ambient information systems to assist elderly with their activities of daily living | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 461-464 | |
| Juan Pablo Garcia Vazquez; Marcela D. Rodriguez; Angel G. Andrade | |||
| To identify the design issues that should be addressed for developing
Ambient Information Systems (AIS) that effectively assist elderly with their
ADLs (i.e. medicating), a case study was carried out to identify the kind of
support that elderly may need for medicating. The proposed AIS provides the
elderly with ambient aids to: remind them to medicate (Remind-Me system); guide
the medication (GUIDE-Me system), and encourage elders to medicate (CARe-Me
system). These AIS will be evaluated to determine their utility and the users'
acceptance, which will enable us to conclude whether the identified design
dimensions of AIS are appropriate to assist elderly. Keywords: ubiquitous computing | |||
| Infrastructure awareness | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 465-468 | |
| Juan David Hincapie-Ramos | |||
| Ubiquitous Computing designs infrastructures that weave into the fabric of
everyday life, and become invisible by fading in the background. However, this
invisibility keeps users from understanding and adopting them. To address this
problem we introduce the notion of Infrastructure Awareness (IA). IA is the
user's awareness about properties of an infrastructure. Our hypothesis is that
IA facilitates the users' understanding of infrastructures, and thereby
supports their adoption. This dissertation investigates three dimensions of IA:
conceptual, methodological, and technological. The conceptual dimension defines
IA in terms of an awareness model and a design space. The methodological
dimension reflects on the usage of user-centred design when designing for
invisibility, and proposes a new user-centred design activity for IA systems.
The technological dimension creates two proof-of-concept applications,
GridOrbit and GridNotify, to illustrate the notion of IA systems. Keywords: adoption, infrastructure awareness, infrastructures | |||
| Goal-driven opportunistic sensing | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 469-472 | |
| Marc Kurz | |||
| Opportunistic activity and context recognition systems do not presume a
static sensor infrastructure that is defined at the design time of a system.
They also do not have a fixed recognition goal that has to be accomplished.
These systems rather make best use of the available sensor systems according to
a sensing mission whereas the topology of a sensor network may change at
runtime. To being able to configure the available sensor systems and to react
on topological changes in the ambient sensor infrastructure goal-oriented
sensing approaches capable of handling dynamic sensor setups have to be
developed within the authors PhD-thesis. Keywords: activity and context recognition, goal processing, goal-oriented sensing,
wireless sensor networks | |||
| Embedded assessment of wellness with smart home sensors | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 473-476 | |
| Matthew L. Lee | |||
| Embedded home sensors hold the promise of helping older adults age in place.
They can help older adults maintain awareness of their functional abilities, a
critical step for early detection of decline. In this proposal, I describe my
research in understanding how to design and deploy home sensors that monitor
how well individuals perform everyday activities. These systems collect an
overwhelming amount of data, and thus I will identify the information needs of
stakeholders to inform the design of salient summaries of the data for elders,
their family caregivers, and their doctors to become more aware of changes
functional abilities. Keywords: aging in place, elder, embedded assessment, salient summary, sensors, smart
home | |||
| Improving trust in context-aware applications with intelligibility | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 477-480 | |
| Brian Y. Lim | |||
| Since context-aware applications use implicit sensing and increasingly
complex decision making, they may make mistakes or users may misunderstand
their actions. This may hinder trust and adoption of context-aware
applications. We hypothesize that making these applications intelligible by
explaining themselves to users would help counter this lack of trust. The
proposed thesis would contribute to context-aware computing by (i)
understanding the need to explain these applications to users, (ii)
understanding the benefits and trade-offs of providing intelligibility, and
(iii) providing toolkit support intelligibility to ultimately improve the
trust, adoption of, and sustained use context-aware systems. Keywords: context-awareness, explanations, intelligibility, toolkits | |||
| A holistic multipurpose life-log framework | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 481-484 | |
| Reza Rawassizadeh | |||
| Life-log systems have a wide range of usages from memory augmentation to
health monitoring. Recent advances in pervasive devices and sensor networks
enable us to create tools that can continuously sense information from
surrounding context of users and perform life logging. In this research we
propose a life-log framework which is flexible to configure existing sensors
and extend-able to add a new sensor or remove existing sensors. Additionally
this framework provides facilities for long-term archiving, annotating and
sharing life-log information. These features help users to benefit from this
framework for different use cases. Keywords: life log, personal archive, personal information, sensor network | |||
| Improving intelligibility and control in Ubicomp | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 485-488 | |
| Jo Vermeulen | |||
| Users often become frustrated when they are unable to understand and control
a ubicomp environment. Previous work has suggested that ubicomp systems should
be intelligible to allow users to understand how the system works and
controllable to let users intervene when the system makes a mistake. In my
thesis, I focus on novel user interfaces and interaction techniques to support
intelligibility and control. Keywords: control, end-user configuration, explanations, feedback, feedforward,
intelligibility, ubicomp | |||
| Context as a service | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 489-492 | |
| Michael Wagner | |||
| Context-aware self-adaptive applications monitor and exploit knowledge about
external operating conditions and adapt to changes in the execution context.
Modern smartphones are equipped with several sensors, like GPS sensor or
accelerometer. Additionally, context reasoners and external context providers
exist. Thereby, it's possible that several context providers offer information
of the same type (e.g. location) but differ in quality levels (e.g. accuracy),
representations (e.g. position represented in coordinates and as an address)
and cost (e.g. battery consumption) for providing the information. Therefore
comprehensive support is required for selecting and activating ((de-)activation
of local providers to save resources) one of the context providers. Keywords: context-awareness, context-service, self-adaptation, ubiquitous computing | |||
| Ubiquitous computing for sustainable energy (UCSE2010) | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 495-496 | |
| Albrecht Schmidt; Adrian Friday; Hans W. Gellersen; Friedemann Mattern | |||
| Providing sustainable energy is one of the fundamental challenges for
mankind. With energy usage being a part of everyday activities and with the
increasingly diversity of energy creation this is an inherently
multi-disciplinary problem. Transportation and travel, heating and cooling,
manu-facturing and production are major areas in which energy is used and all
these domains become more and more linked to ubiquitous computing. With an
increase in decentralized energy provision, ranging from energy harvesting in
devices to personal green power plants, a great potential for creating
sustainable energy arises, however at the cost of a higher complexity of the
distribution network and storage mechanisms. Overall we believe that research
in ubiquitous computing can provide important contributions for a world with
sustainable energy. In this workshop we hope to get people from different
disciplines together to share their visions and insights on how to conserve,
efficiently produce, use, and distribute energy. Keywords: e-energy, energy conservation, energy efficiency, energy harvesting, green
ict, smart energy, smart grid | |||
| UbiHealth 2010: the 5th international workshop on ubiquitous health and wellness | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 497-500 | |
| Bert Arnrich; Venet Osmani; Giuseppe Riva; Jakob Bardram | |||
| This workshop continues the series of UbiHealth work-shops organized at the
Ubicomp conferences. So far, the majority of work presented in earlier
workshops and in the field of ubiquitous healthcare has focused on supporting
people affected by somatic diseases. This year we call special attention on
emerging research towards ubiquitous technologies for mental health and
wellbeing. It is known that mental disorders are common diseases affecting all
countries and societies. In recent years there have been various studies on
correlating mental disease symptoms to objective physiological and behavioral
measures in clinical settings. However, the current standard for diagnosis is
still based on subjective clinical rating scales developed in the early 1960s.
We see a new opportunity to exploit ubiquitous technology to provide the
therapist with objective physiological and behavioral measures from the
patient's daily life. The workshop will bring together researchers from
ubiquitous computing and mental health professionals to present and discuss the
latest work, focusing on how ubiquitous computing technology can be employed to
design and support diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders and maintenance
of mental wellness. Keywords: health assistants, mental disorders, mental health, pervasive healthcare,
ubiquitous computing | |||
| SISSI '10: social interaction in spatially separated environments | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 501-502 | |
| Falko Schmid; Tobias Hesselmann; Susanne Boll; Keith Cheverst; Lars Kulik | |||
| Social relationships between co-workers, family members and friends play an
important role in our everyday lives. They are responsible for our well-being,
for a productive working atmosphere and for feeling part of our various
communities. Nevertheless, it can be difficult to establish and maintain such
relationships if individuals are spatially separated, e. g. working in
different branch offices of a corporation, as they usually cannot interact and
communicate in a natural, everyday manner. In the past, significant effort has
been put into the development of planned, explicit interaction methods such as
email, chat or video-conferencing. In contrast to that, much less is known
about techniques to enable casual, spontaneous interactions between spatially
separated social groups, e.g., occasional meetings on the office floor, by the
means of implicit and more subtle methods. SISSI 2010 brings together academia
and industry to present new ways of facilitating, establishing and maintaining
social relationships by the means of ubiquitous systems, in order to achieve a
feeling of togetherness, presence and closeness between members of spatially
separated professional or private social groups. The audience of SISSI is
interdisciplinary, including researchers from human computer interaction,
pervasive communication, spatial cognition and communication sciences. Keywords: interaction, privacy, social interaction, social spatial behavior, spatial
awareness, spatial cognition | |||
| The 4th ACM international workshop on context-awareness for self-managing systems (CASEMANS 2010) | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 503-506 | |
| Francois Siewe; Noriaki Kuwahara; Waltenegus Dargie | |||
| The CASEMANS 2010 workshop aims to bring together researchers of
Context-aware Computing and Autonomic Computing. So far, these two research
fields have been investigated independently and there is only a feeble link
between them, despite the fact that the two are complementary. Subsequently,
the workshop solicits papers that contribute to the development of
self-adaptive, self-configuring, self-protecting and self-optimising systems.
These include new tools and runtime environments for context acquisition,
modelling, representation, management, recognition and brokering; context-based
actuation; context-aware middleware, networks and robots. Keywords: autonomic computing, context-awareness, self-adaptive systems, self-managing
systems, ubiquitous computing | |||
| PaperComp 2010: first international workshop on paper computing | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 507-510 | |
| Fredéric Kaplan; Patrick Jermann | |||
| Paper is not dead. Despite the progress of e-ink screens, smartphones and
tablet interfaces, printed paper stays a convenient, versatile and familiar
support for reading and writing. Books, magazines and other printed materials
can now be connected to the digital world, enriched with additional content and
even transformed into interactive interfaces. Conversely, some of the
screen-based interfaces we currently use to interact with digital data could
benefit from being paper-based or make use of specially designed material as
light and flexible as paper. Far from a paperless world, printed documents
could become ubiquitous interfaces in our everyday interaction with digital
information. This is the dawn of paper computing. Keywords: paper computing, paper-based interfaces, paper-like interfaces | |||
| Research in the large. using app stores, markets, and other wide distribution channels in Ubicomp research | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 511-514 | |
| Henriette Cramer; Mattias Rost; Nicolas Belloni; Frank Bentley; Didier Chincholle | |||
| The mobile phones that people use in their daily lives now run advanced
applications and come equipped with sensors once only available in custom
hardware in UbiComp research. At the same time application distribution has
become increasingly simple due to the proliferation of app stores and the like.
Evaluation and research methods have to be adapted to this new context to get
the best data and feedback from wide audiences. However, an overview of
successful strategies to overcome research challenges inherent to wide
deployment is not yet available. App store platform characteristics, devices,
reaching target users, new types of evaluation data and dynamic, heterogeneous
usage contexts have to be dealt with. This workshop provides a forum for
researchers and developers to exchange experiences and strategies for wide
distribution of applications. We aim at building an understanding of the
opportunities of various distribution channels and obstacles involved in a
research context. Keywords: app stores, distribution channels, mass evaluation methods, mobile
ecosystem, mobile interaction | |||
| Transnational times: locality, globality and mobility in technology design and use | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 515-518 | |
| Irina Shklovski; Silvia Lindtner; Janet Vertesi; Paul Dourish | |||
| This workshop will bring together an interdisciplinary group of scholars to
explore the role of ubiquitous computing, the use of information and
communication technologies and the politics of technological design in
transnational practices. The ultimate goal of this workshop is to investigate
the implications for the design and development of ubiquitous technologies in
non-western contexts. We will consider the implications for conducting research
and technology design within and across global and networked sites of
technology production and use. The aim of the workshop is to gain a deeper
understanding of the social, cultural and economic practices within global IT
development. Keywords: design, globalization, ict4d, mobility, transnationalism | |||
| Designing for performative interactions in public spaces | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 519-522 | |
| Julie Rico; Giulio Jacucci; Stuart Reeves; Lone Koefoed Hansen; Stephen Brewster | |||
| Building on the assumption that every human action in public space has a
performative aspect, this workshop seeks to explore issues of mobile technology
and interactions in public settings. We will examine the design of performative
technologies, the evaluation of user experience, the importance of spectator
and performer roles, and the social acceptability of performative actions in
public spaces. The workshop will aim to bring together researchers and
practitioners who are interested in the rapidly growing area of technologies
supporting use in a public setting, and through this, explore the themes the
workshop offers, plan for publications which synthesize together this disparate
work, and finally to facilitate future collaborations between participants. Keywords: mobility, performative interaction, social acceptability, spectator
experience, user experience | |||
| Ubiquitous crowdsourcing | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 523-526 | |
| Maja Vukovic; Soundar Kumara; Ohad Greenshpan | |||
| Web 2.0 provides the technological foundations upon which the crowdsourcing
paradigm evolves and operates, enabling networked experts to work on various
problem solving and data-intensive tasks. During the past decade crowdsourcing
grew from a number of purpose-built initiatives, such as Wikipedia and
Mechanical Turk, to a technique that today attracts and engages over 2 million
people worldwide. As the computing systems are becoming more intimately
embedded in physical and social contexts, promising truly ubiquitous computing,
crowdsourcing takes new forms. Increasingly, crowds are engaged through mobile
devices, to capture, share and validate sheer amount data (e.g. reporting
security threats or capturing social events).
This workshop challenges researchers and practitioners to think about three key aspects of ubiquitous crowdsourcing. Firstly, to establish technological foundations, what are the interaction models and protocols between the ubiquitous computing systems and the crowd? Secondly, how is crowdsourcing going to face the challenges in quality assurance, while providing valuable incentive frameworks that enable honest contributions? Finally, what are the novel applications of crowdsourcing enabled by ubiquitous computing systems? Keywords: crowdsourcing, mobile, ubiquitous | |||
| Digital object memories in the internet of things workshop: (DOME-IoT 2010) | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 527-530 | |
| Michael Schneider; Alexander Kröner; Peter Stephan; Thomas Plötz; Fahim Kawsar; Gerd Kortuem | |||
| Everyday objects tagged with sensors and actuators that communicate and
cooperate provide the foundation of the Internet of Things. Most applications
in the Internet of Things deal with information related to such objects in the
one or other way, whilst Digital Object Memories comprise hardware and software
components, which together provide an open and universal platform that allows
for the continuous capture and conceptual and/or physical association of
digital information with physical objects. As such, they support information
exchange and reuse across environments and applications, and pave the way for
novel kinds of applications and services. The goal of this workshop is to unite
these two perspectives on connected objects and object memory in a hybrid
workshop format that combines traditional presentations and discussion with a
practical experiment. Keywords: digital object memories, intelligent environments, internet of things,
object-centered information management, ubiquitous computing | |||
| PerEd 2010: the third workshop on pervasive computing education | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 531-534 | |
| Sebastian Bader; Thomas Kirste; William G. Griswold; Alke Martens | |||
| Research in ubiquitous and pervasive computing is multidisciplinary by
nature. Whereas this is clear in the context of bringing different sciences
together to construct and conduct new environments on the hardware, software
and engineering level, there are other interesting topics of discussion, which
are seldom addressed yet. We will focus in this workshop on: a) how can the
ubiquitous technology be used in educational settings (and for example does it
require new instructional design?) and b) does the use of ubiquitous technology
affect the way people learn? PerEd 2010 will provide a forum to present and
discuss topics like the state of the art, work in progress and lessons learned,
with respect to education within ubiquitous computing environments and teaching
the subject itself. Keywords: education, instructional design, multi-disciplinary, pedagogy, pervasive
computing, tools, ubiquitous computing | |||
| UBI challenge workshop 2010: real world urban computing | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 535-538 | |
| Timo Ojala; Jukka Riekki | |||
| This workshop promotes ubiquitous computing research in authentic urban
setting, with real users and with sufficient scale and time span. We first
motivate why such research is important and then describe our ongoing
deployment of diverse computing resources in a city center to support such
research. We are organizing an UBI Challenge, to make our urban computing
testbed available to the international research community and to stimulate
research collaboration in a very concrete manner. This workshop calls together
researchers on real world urban computing to prototype applications and
services that could be realized atop such computing resources. Keywords: ubiquitous computing, urban computing | |||
| Mobile context-awareness: capabilities, challenges and applications | | BIBAK | Full-Text | 539-540 | |
| Tom Lovett; Eamonn O'Neill | |||
| Mobile context-awareness is a popular research trend in the field in
ubiquitous computing. Advances in mobile device sensory hardware and the rise
of 'virtual' sensors such as web APIs mean that the mobile user is exposed to a
vast range of data that can be used for new advanced applications. This
workshop allows industrial and academic researchers to present work focusing on
novel methods of context acquisition in the mobile environment -- particularly
through the use of physical and virtual sensors -- along with research into new
applications utilising this context. In addition, the workshop will encourage
insights, into the technical and usability challenges in mobile
context-awareness, as well as observations on current and future trends in the
field. Keywords: context, context-awareness, human-computer interaction, mobile computing | |||