| HyperCafe: Narrative and Aesthetic Properties of Hypervideo | | BIBAK | PDF | 1-10 | |
| Nitin "Nick" Sawhney; David Balcom; Ian Smith | |||
| HyperCafe is an experimental hypermedia prototype, developed as an
illustration of a general hypervideo system. This program places the user in a
virtual cafe, composed primarily of digital video clips of actors involved in
fictional conversations in the cafe; HyperCafe allows the user to follow
different conversations, and offers dynamic opportunities of interaction via
temporal, spatio-temporal and textual links to present alternative narratives.
Textual elements are also present in the form of explanatory text,
contradictory subtitles, and intruding narratives. Based on our work with
HyperCafe, we discuss the components and a framework for hypervideo structures,
along with the underlying aesthetic considerations. Keywords: Aesthetics, Multi-threaded narratives, Navigation, Temporal links, Digital
video | |||
| Content-Oriented Integration in Hypermedia Systems | | BIBAK | PDF | 11-21 | |
| Kyoji Hirata; Yoshinori Hara; Hajime Takano; Shigehito Kawasaki | |||
| In this paper, we present the concept and the general framework of a new
integration model for hypermedia systems, the content-oriented integration.
Content-oriented integration provides an integrated navigational environment
that consists of both conceptual-based navigation and media-based navigation.
For the conceptual-based navigation, each media representation is translated
into a conceptual representation with the help of media recognition techniques
and media understanding techniques. The media representation derives its own
semantics by connecting the media-independent part to the conceptual
representation such as an object name, keywords, etc. Media-based navigation
supports media-dependent information difficult to translate into the conceptual
representation. Conceptual-based navigation and media-based navigation enrich
navigational capabilities in complementary fashion.
We also describe our content-oriented integrated hypermedia system "Himotoki." It provides a wide variety of navigational tools such as visual content-based navigation, moving hot-spot navigation and schema navigation. Each media translation is modularized as the corresponding media augmenter so that it can flexibly adapt to a distributed environment. Applications such as "Electronic Aquatic Life" and "Hypermedia Museum" demonstrate the usefulness of these navigational tools. Keywords: Content-oriented integration, Conceptual-based navigation, Media-based
navigation, Media augmenter, Recognition engine, Matching engine, Moving
hot-spots, Content-based retrieval | |||
| The Structure of Hypertext Activity | | BIBAK | PDF | 22-30 | |
| Jim Rosenberg | |||
| A framework for discussion of hypertext activity is introduced using the
concepts acteme, episode, and session. Acteme is a low-level unit such as
link-following; episode is a collection of actemes that cohere in the reader's
mind; session is the entirety of contiguous activity. Well known issues in
hypertext rhetoric are recast in this framework and generalized to all
varieties of acteme. We consider whether the episode is a virtual document,
user interface issues pertaining to the episode, multi-episode structure,
concurrency issues, and reader-as-writer activity, with a frequent emphasis on
hypertext gathering. Keywords: Hypertext, Rhetoric, Acteme, Episode, Session, Gathering, Contour, Emergent
structure | |||
| Practical Methods for Automatically Generating Typed Links | | BIBAK | PDF | 31-41 | |
| Chip Cleary; Ray Bareiss | |||
| Our research concerns how to construct knowledge-rich hypermedia systems for
use as aids to problem-solving. One of the most difficult steps in building
such systems is constructing a fertile set of hypermedia links between the
nodes they contain (i.e., text segments, graphics, and video clips). This
paper describes the progress we have made in formalizing and automating the
process of creating typed links, that is links that not only join nodes, but
also label the relationship between them. We present four different methods we
have developed for automated linking, each of which uses a different scheme for
representing nodes, and we evaluate each method by the criteria of recall,
precision, thoroughness, and ease of use. Two of these methods, designed for
two different user populations, are being incorporated into the ASKTool, a
hypermedia editor currently in use at the Institute for the Learning Sciences. Keywords: Automated linking, Typed links, Structured hypermedia system | |||
| Automatic Hypertext Link Typing | | BIBAK | PDF | 42-52 | |
| James Allan | |||
| We present entirely automatic methods for gathering documents for a
hypertext, linking the set, and annotating those connections with a description
of the type (i.e., nature) of the link. Document linking is based upon
high-quality information retrieval techniques developed using the Smart system.
We apply an approach inspired by relationship visualization techniques and by
graph simplification, to show how to identify automatically tangential,
revision, summary, expansion, comparison, contrast, equivalence, and aggregate
links. Keywords: Link generation, Link types, Information retrieval | |||
| Automatic Text Decomposition Using Text Segments and Text Themes | | BIBAK | PDF | 53-65 | |
| Gerard Salton; Amit Singhal; Chris Buckley; Mandar Mitra | |||
| With the widespread use of full-text information retrieval,
passage-retrieval techniques are becoming increasingly popular. Larger texts
can then be replaced by important text excerpts, thereby simplifying the
retrieval task and improving retrieval effectiveness. Passage-level evidence
about the use of words in local contexts is also useful for resolving language
ambiguities and improving retrieval output.
Two main text decomposition strategies are introduced in this study, including a chronological decomposition into text segments, and semantic decomposition into text themes. The interaction between text segments and text themes is then used to characterize text structure, and to formulate specifications for information retrieval, text traversal, and text summarization. Keywords: Text structuring, Text decomposition, Segments, Themes, Information
retrieval, Passage retrieval, Text summarization | |||
| Ut Pictura Hyperpoesis: Spatial Form, Visuality, and the Digital Word | | BIBAK | PDF | 66-73 | |
| John Tolva | |||
| This essay discusses the visual characteristics of hypertext (space,
contour, depth) by situating it, as an artistic form, in the literary
traditions that it extends and modifies. While, from a literary perspective,
hypertextuality is nothing new, what is revolutionary is the way that
computerized hypertext emulates the spatial and visual qualities that literary
texts have historically struggled to effect. To illustrate the concept of
spatial form I have chosen to analyze the mola web, a hypertext which is
unique, though not abnormal, in the extremity of its link structure. One needs
only think of the ubiquitous metaphor of the labyrinth in hypertext criticism
[5] or of the recent attention given to spatial user interfaces [17] to see how
dependent is the idea of hypertext on a spatial form. Keywords: Hypertext, Spatial form, Ekphrasis, Visual, Flatland, Mola, World Wide Web | |||
| Hypertextual Dynamics in a Life Set for Two | | BIBAK | PDF | 74-83 | |
| Robert Kendall | |||
| In most hypertexts the contents of nodes and the positions of links are
fixed. Making these elements dynamic can help writers solve structural
problems and help prevent navigational dilemmas for readers. The hypertext
poem A Life Set for Two demonstrates several techniques for doing this.
Floating links are positioned dynamically in response to the reader's progress.
Variable nodes change their texts according to factors such as their context
within the current reading. The texts of individual nodes are also influenced
by global states -- settings that can be changed manually by the reader or
automatically by the program. Keywords: Poetry, Dynamic links, Floating links, Variable nodes, Embedded variables,
Global states, Reading templates | |||
| Hypertext with Consequences: Recovering a Politics of Hypertext | | BIBAK | PDF | 85-92 | |
| Diane Greco | |||
| This paper aims to situate the practice of creating hypertexts and hypertext
authoring systems within a larger political framework. Although hypertext
design and use has always been both political and about human bodies, hypertext
theorists have generally failed to explore the political dimensions of this
lineage. The paper concludes with a discussion of recent work which bears on
non-technological issues such as collaborative authoring, genre status of
hypertexts (fiction or non-fiction) and reproduction of proprietary materials. Keywords: Hypertext, Rhetoric, Cyborgs, Technology and society, Literary theory,
Postmodernism, Authorship, Copyright | |||
| Information Reuse in Hypermedia Applications | | BIBAK | PDF | 93-104 | |
| Franca Garzotto; Luca Mainetti; Paolo Paolini | |||
| Reuse -- broadly defined as the use of existing information objects or
software artifacts in different contexts and for different purposes -- is a
technology for improving productivity, reducing the production effort and cost,
and increasing the quality of end applications (promoting consistency and
therefore improving usability). Reuse is a crucial issue in hypermedia
applications. Reuse may be applied to items of different sizes and different
complexity (from an elementary value to a large structured portion of the
application). It may involve several aspects of the hypermedia application
(content, organisation, presentation and connections). It can be implemented
with different techniques, by creating a new copy of an item, or by sharing the
same item in two (or more) different contexts.
In this paper we analyse hypermedia reuse under these different viewpoints, discuss a classification of different types of reuse, and present a few examples from commercial and prototype hypermedia titles. From the analysis of these case studies we derive technical hints, recommendations and pitfalls-to-avoid, that would help hypermedia authors handle reuse in the most effective way possible. We also suggest reuse techniques that can be incorporated in future authoring systems. Keywords: Hypermedia, Reuse, Authoring, Design, Models, Evaluation, Usability | |||
| Evaluating HyTime: An Examination and Implementation Experience | | BIBAK | PDF | 105-115 | |
| John F. Buford | |||
| HyTime defines an extensive meta-language for hypermedia documents,
including general representations for links and anchors, a framework for
positioning and projecting arbitrary objects in time and space, and a
structured document query language. We propose a set of criteria for
evaluating the HyTime model. We then review the model with respect to these
criteria and describe our implementation experience. Our review indicates both
the benefits and limitations of HyTime. These results are relevant to systems
and applications designers who are considering HyTime, and also to possible
future revisions of the standard. Keywords: HyTime, Hypermedia models, Hypermedia standards | |||
| Systematic Hypermedia Application Design with OOHDM | | BIBAK | PDF | 116-128 | |
| Daniel Schwabe; Gustavo Rossi; Simone D. J. Barbosa | |||
| In this paper we analyze the process of hypermedia applications design and
implementation, focusing in particular on two critical aspects of these
applications: the navigational and interface structure.
We discuss the way in which we build the navigation and abstract interface models using the Object-Oriented Hypermedia Design Method (OOHDM); we show which concerns must be taken into account for each task by giving examples from a real project we are developing, the Portinari Project. We show which implementation concerns must be considered when defining interface behavior discussing both a Toolbook and a HTML implementation of the example application. Keywords: Hypermedia design, Methodology, Modeling, Object orientation, Navigation,
Interfaces | |||
| The Flag Taxonomy of Open Hypermedia Systems | | BIBAK | PDF | 129-139 | |
| Kasper Østerbye; Uffe Kock Wiil | |||
| This paper presents a taxonomy for open hypermedia systems. The purpose of
the Flag taxonomy is manifold: (1) to provide a framework to classify and
concisely describe individual systems, (2) to characterize what an open
hypermedia system is, (3) to provide a framework for comparing different
systems in a system independent way, and (4) to provide an overview of the
design space of open hypermedia systems.
The Flag taxonomy builds on the achievements of the Dexter model. It extends the terminology of the Dexter model to adequately cover issues that relate to open hypermedia systems such as integration and use of third-party applications to edit and display hypermedia components. Two of the most prominent open hypermedia systems, DeVise Hypermedia and Microcosm, are used as case studies. The Flag taxonomy is used to compare these systems on a carefully selected set of aspects that distinguish open hypermedia systems from other hypermedia systems. Keywords: Open hypermedia systems, Dexter model, Taxonomy, Link protocol, Third-party
viewers, Integration | |||
| The HyperDisco Approach to Open Hypermedia Systems | | BIBAK | PDF | 140-148 | |
| Uffe Kock Wiil; John J. Leggett | |||
| Computing support for large engineering enterprises provides an example of
the need for hypermedia-based collaborative computing systems composed of a
large number of distributed heterogeneous tools. These computing environments
place complex requirements on the underlying hypermedia platform. To support
integration of independently written tools for these environments, hypermedia
platforms must address several important issues such as scalability, openness,
distribution, heterogeneity, interoperability, extensibility and computation.
This paper describes the HyperDisco approach to open hypermedia systems. HyperDisco provides an extensible object-oriented hypermedia platform supporting inter-tool linking, computation, concurrency control, notification control, version control, access control, query and search, and various other features. The present work has two main objectives: 1) to provide a platform to integrate existing and future distributed heterogeneous tools and data formats and 2) to provide a platform to extend integrated tools to handle multiple collaborating users and multiple versions of shared artifacts. The paper presents important dimensions of hypermedia platforms that helped to formulate the goals for HyperDisco, the HyperDisco prototype, and two integration examples to illustrate the distinctive features of the HyperDisco approach. Keywords: Open hypermedia systems, Integration, Hypermedia platforms, Collaborative
work, System architectures, Data models, Inter-tool linking, Link services,
Hyperbase management systems, Scalability, Openness, Distribution,
Heterogeneity, Interoperability, Extensibility, Computation | |||
| Toward a Dexter-Based Model for Open Hypermedia: Unifying Embedded References and Link Objects | | BIBAK | PDF | 149-160 | |
| Kaj Grønbæk; Randall H. Trigg | |||
| The Dexter Hypertext Reference model is well suited to modelling
anchor-based hypermedia systems and static hypermedia structures. But it is
less clear that Dexter is adequate for systems whose linking is based on
embedded references like the World Wide Web (WWW), nor for modelling the
dynamic aspects of contemporary hypermedia systems like DHM and Microcosm.
This paper proposes a new Dexter-based extensible object-oriented model
designed to cover a broader spectrum of the features of contemporary hypermedia
systems. The model introduces two new concepts, LocationSpecifiers and
ReferenceSpecifiers, which let us model links as references embedded in
documents as well as links as objects in separate databases. This suggests the
idea of new systems that could support both styles as one step toward
integrating global networked information sources with application-bridging
systems on local hosts. In addition, our model is better equipped to handle
dynamic hypermedia structures. As an example, a model of Microcosm's Generic
Link is given which extends that important concept in useful ways. Keywords: Open hypermedia, Link objects, Embedded links, Dexter hypertext reference
model, Dynamic hypermedia, Generic links | |||
| A Study of Navigational Support Provided by Two World Wide Web Browsing Applications | | BIBAK | PDF | 161-169 | |
| Steve Jones; Andy Cockburn | |||
| This paper describes a usability study of the Hypertext navigation
facilities provided by two popular World Wide Web client applications (also
termed 'browsers'). We detail the navigation tools provided by the clients and
describe their underlying page retrieval models.
We introduce a notation that represents the system states resulting from the user's navigation actions in World Wide Web subspaces. The notation is used to analyse the client applications. We find that the client user interfaces present a model of navigation that conflicts with the underlying stack-based system model. A small usability study was carried out to investigate the effects of the clients' browser behaviour on users. The study reveals that users have incorrect models of their navigation support, and they have little confidence in the application of their models when using the clients. The paper concludes with a description of future work and a discussion of implications for WWW page and client designers. Keywords: World Wide Web, Hypermedia navigation, Usability | |||
| Browsing the WWW by Interacting with a Textural Virtual Environment -- A Framework for Experimenting with Navigational Metaphors | | BIBAK | PDF | 170-179 | |
| Andreas Dieberger | |||
| This paper describes a system that combines a textual virtual environment
(MOO -- MUD Object Oriented) and a WWW browser. The MOO provides a text-only
but information-rich spatial user interface in which objects and locations can
be associated with pointers to WWW pages. When using a specialized MOO client,
navigation in the MOO causes the corresponding Web pages to be loaded. The
overall effect is the possibility to navigate the Web using spatial
navigational metaphors. Textual virtual environments support the creation of
diverse navigation tools and metaphors. The Juggler system we describe can
thus serve as an experimental tool to explore diverse navigational metaphors
for the WWW. The system uses references to Web pages which can be arranged in
any possible way and allows users to overlay a new secondary structure on
existing Web structures, even using Web pages not on one's own Web server.
Textual virtual environments further support almost real time communication and
interaction between several users. Because of the extensive interaction
possibilities, the Juggler system can be used to discuss material on the Web,
conduct guided tours through the Web or give presentations using material
available on the Web. Keywords: WWW, Navigation, Spatial hypertext, Metaphors, Collaborative navigation | |||
| HyPursuit: A Hierarchical Network Search Engine that Exploits Content-Link Hypertext Clustering | | BIBAK | PDF | 180-193 | |
| Ron Weiss; Bienvenido Velez; Mark A. Sheldon; Chanathip Nanprempre; Peter Szilagyi; Andrzej Duda; David K. Gifford | |||
| HyPursuit is a new hierarchical network search engine that clusters
hypertext documents to structure a given information space for browsing and
search activities. Our content-link clustering algorithm is based on the
semantic information embedded in hyperlink structures and document contents.
HyPursuit admits multiple coexisting cluster hierarchies based on different
principles for grouping documents, such as the Library of Congress catalog
scheme and automatically created hypertext clusters.
HyPursuit's abstraction functions summarize cluster contents to support scalable query processing. The abstraction functions satisfy system resource limitations with controlled information loss. The result of query processing operations on a cluster summary approximates the result of performing the operations on the entire information space. We constructed a prototype system comprising 100 leaf World-Wide Web sites and a hierarchy of 42 servers that route queries to the leaf sites. Experience with our system suggests that abstraction functions based on hypertext clustering can be used to construct meaningful and scalable cluster hierarchies. We are also encouraged by preliminary results on clustering based on both document contents and hyperlink structures. Keywords: Network resource discovery, Hypertext clustering, Hyperlink structures | |||
| Hypermedia Operating Systems: A New Paradigm for Computing | | BIBAK | PDF | 194-202 | |
| Peter J. Nurnberg; John J. Leggett; Erich R. Schneider; John L. Schnase | |||
| Hypermedia is often viewed as either a paradigm for human-computer
interaction or information organization. Human-computer interaction provides a
view of hypermedia that involves the creation, manipulation, and access of
information through a "point-and-click" navigation mechanism. Information
organization provides a view of hypermedia that involves the storage of
information as a set of data and metadata objects, where metadata objects
capture structural relationships among information objects. This paper
describes a third view of hypermedia -- hypermedia as a computing paradigm. In
this paper, we explore the implications of pushing hypermedia beyond its
traditional role in human-computer interaction and information organization
into the computer's core operating environment. We believe the resulting
hypermedia operating systems provide a new paradigm for computing -- one in
which human-computer interaction, information storage and retrieval,
programming, and control are integrated in a common conceptual framework. We
discuss the basic concepts of hypermedia operating systems and describe a
general hypermedia operating system architecture and prototype. While this
work represents only a beginning, we feel that viewing hypermedia as a
computing paradigm ofters a broad new field of research. Keywords: Open hypermedia systems, Operating systems, System architectures,
Hyperbases, Link services, Hypermedia applications | |||
| HyperStorM: An Extensible Object-Oriented Hypermedia Engine | | BIBAK | PDF | 203-214 | |
| Ajit Bapat; Jurgen Wasch; Karl Aberer; Jorg M. Haake | |||
| It is a well-known problem that developers of hypermedia applications need
assistance for modeling and maintaining application-specific hypermedia
structures. In the past, various hypermedia engines have been proposed to
support these tasks. Until now, hypermedia engines either provided a fixed
hypermedia data model and left extensions to the hypermedia application or they
left the modeling of the hypermedia data completely to the application
developer and only provided storage functionality which had to be plugged into
the data model by the application developer. As an alternative, we propose an
extensible object-oriented hypermedia engine which supports the specification
of application semantics as application classes within the hypermedia engine,
thereby supporting complex operations maintaining application-specific as well
as application-independent constraints.
In the HyperStorM hypermedia engine, the storage layer and the application layer of a hypermedia system are implemented within the object-oriented database management system VODAK. Only the presentation layer is kept outside the OODBMS. This approach facilitates both the reuse of database functionality as well as the flexibility necessary to support the efficient development of different kinds of hypermedia applications. First evaluations show that our approach presents a much more powerful hypermedia engine than previous approaches, thus giving a new quality to hypermedia application development. Keywords: Hypermedia engine, Open extensible hypermedia systems, Database management
system support for hypermedia applications | |||
| Media-Based Navigation with Generic Links | | BIBAK | PDF | 215-223 | |
| Paul H. Lewis; Hugh C. Davis; Steve R. Griffiths; Wendy Hall; Rob J. Wilkins | |||
| Microcosm is an open architecture hypermedia system in which documents
remain in their native format and link information is held in separate link
databases. This has facilitated the introduction of generic links which, once
authored from a text string to a destination anchor, may be followed from any
occurrence of the text string in any document. The generic link provides
substantial reductions in authoring effort for large hypermedia systems, but
the limitation of the generic link to text string source anchors needed to be
addressed.
This paper describes extensions to the Microcosm architecture to create MAVIS, Microcosm Architecture for Video, Image and Sound, in which generic links may be used from both text and non-text media. This development makes it possible to navigate through non-text media using content as the key and, through the facilities of the dynamic link, content based retrieval is also available. Examples of content based navigation with image, video and sound are presented. Keywords: Open hypermedia, Content based navigation, Information retrieval | |||
| VerSE: Towards Hypertext Versioning Styles | | BIBAK | PDF | 224-234 | |
| Anja Haake; David Hicks | |||
| Much of the previous work on version support for hypertext has focused
primarily on the development of functionality for specific hypertext systems
and/or a specific hypertext application domain. Although these models address
crucial version support problems in specific hypertext application domains,
they cannot be easily adapted and then integrated into other hypertext
applications.
Hypertext version support environments have been introduced to help alleviate these problems. They are designed to meet the version support needs of a wide range of hypertext applications. However, so far few high level versioning facilities have been constructed in these environments, creating a gap between the facilities provided directly within the environment and the versioning needs of some applications. The intent of this research is to bridge this gap. It turned out that task-based versioning styles are easy to use by both hypertext application developers and hypertext application users. As shown in previous work, task-based versioning helps to alleviate cognitive overhead and disorientation problems for users. In addition, it requires little investment from the point of view of application development, since task-based versioning does not necessarily require an application to incorporate an extra notion for individual versions. This paper presents a set of task-based hypertext versioning styles that are offered in the VerSE flexible version support environment and shows the direction towards the design of additional versioning styles. Keywords: Version support / control, Version support environment, Versioning styles /
policies, Task-based versioning | |||
| Logic Programming with the World-Wide Web | | BIBAK | PDF | 235-245 | |
| Seng Wai Loke; Andrew Davison | |||
| We introduce LogicWeb, an integration of structured logic programming and
the World-Wide Web. We show how LogicWeb enables programmable behaviour and
state to be incorporated into Web pages, allowing them to be viewed as modules
or objects with state. LogicWeb renders a Web page as a live information
entity, able to determine its own response to user queries, and modify the
behaviour of hyperlinks. This amalgamation of logic and the Web makes it
possible to reason with Web pages, state relationships between pages, and
dynamically generate pages. A prototype system is described, which extends
Mosaic with LogicWeb capabilities using the Common Client Interface. In
addition, we outline a client-based search tool written with LogicWeb and
compare it with an existing package. Keywords: World-Wide Web, Structured logic programming, Mobile code, Mosaic, Common
client interface, Prolog | |||
| Experiences in Developing Collaborative Application Using the World Wide Web "Shell" | | BIBAK | PDF | 246-255 | |
| Andreas Girgensohn; Alison Lee; Kevin Schlueter | |||
| The components of the World Wide Web, which we call the World Wide Web
Shell, provide a framework for collaborative application development in much
the same way as an expert system shell does for expert system development.
This development is quick enough to support rapid prototyping. Once the
collaborative application is developed, the WWW Shell facilitates the
distribution of the application and its data to geographically-separated users
on diverse computing platforms. We have developed and deployed two
collaborative applications, Design Intent and NYNEX Portholes, using the WWW
Shell. These applications are described and our experiences developing them
with the WWW Shell are detailed. In the process of developing these
applications we discovered limitations of the WWW Shell which we present, along
with suggested modifications and extensions to address them. Keywords: Collaborative application, World Wide Web, Rapid prototyping, HTTP server
and clients, Portholes, Design Intent, Forms and scripts, Work groups,
Community of users, Awareness and familiarization | |||
| Case Study: A Hypermedia System as Change Agent | | BIBA | PDF | 256 | |
| Miriam Grace; Ward Webber; Kaj Grønbæk; Robert J. Glushko | |||
| Boeing is re-engineering the corporation by doing fundamental business process redesign and development in conjunction with implementation of new technologies and tools to support the new business processes. A strong link between the end-users and the newly defined business process information is necessary, or it won't be possible to maintain the gains created by the re-engineering program. The Boeing participants will present an overview of their system development activities, focusing mainly on how they used hypertext to increase the usability of paper documentation and the role of the customer in the development process. After describing the context in which they developed their original hypertext system (COIN) they will discuss current development activities that are supporting the process re-engineering of Boeing. The current information system design (based on the original COIN model) will make a significant contribution toward the success of the re-engineering. | |||
| Visual Metaphor and the Problem of Complexity in the Design of Web Sites: Techniques for Generating, Recognizing and Visualizing Structure | | BIBA | PDF | 257 | |
| Michael Joyce; Robert Kolker; Stuart Moulthrop; Ben Shneiderman; John Merritt Unsworth | |||
| The notion of cyberspace having no "there" has outlived its usefulness for mystification and titillation. In fact, the Internet, and the World Wide Web in particular, are quite "there," and in very concrete ways. Ignoring this concreteness may be a way of evading responsibility for conceptualizing how the Web can be used for serious and complex purposes. Our panel will consider alternatives to conventional ideas and structures and submit that the design of Web sites does not have to be limited to simple advertising vehicles or to equally simple institutional show and tell screens. We want to suggest that complexity and imagination ought not be limited by the constraints of HTML, bandwidth, or conventional wisdom, but freed by larger, more thoughtful notions of the possibilities of user interaction and hypertextuality. Proposed for discussion will be theories of metaphor through which design becomes a way of thinking about various structures and the connections between them. | |||
| The Process of Discovery: Hypertext and Scholarship | | BIBA | PDF | 258 | |
| Mark Bernstein; George P. Landow; Elli Mylonas; John B. Smith | |||
| We have all seen hypertext applied to teaching and publication, and certainly as an object of research in itself. What is far more rare are examples of hypertext systems and documents integrated into the research process in other fields. Where are the scholars who are taking notes and organizing their thoughts and data using a hypertext system? Why do so many hypertext researchers still work with conventional word processors? Is This lack due to intrinsic problems with the systems? Or is it a problem of the scholars and researchers? Will this change in a generation? The participants will discuss these questions based on their own experience both positive and negative, with an especial focus on the use (or non-use) of hypertext(s) as laboratory, or "sandbox" for scholarship and scientific work. | |||
| Things Change: Deal with it! Versioning, Cooperative Editing and Hypertext | | BIBA | PDF | 259 | |
| Wojciech Cellary; David Durand; Anja Haake; David Hicks; Fabio Vitali; James Whitehead | |||
| A document that is in active use is generally one that is changing. Version control provides one way to control the disruptive effects of change without the worse solution of preventing or obstructing it. This panel will examine the relevance and problems of version control, with an emphasis on the topic of collaboration support. Despite its long history in the hypertext community (usually as something to be added in the future), the topics of shared editing and revision control remain complex, controversial and frequently misunderstood. Now that a really large public hypertext has come into existence, the issues of long-term maintenance and referential integrity are coming to the fore. The panel will give an overview of the fundamental issues, as well as a selection of arguments for and against different approaches to the issues. It builds on the perspective the presenters have gained from their own research, as well as their workshops on Hypertext and version control at ECHT '94 and ECSCW '95. | |||
| Evaluation | | BIBA | PDF | 260 | |
| Gary Marchionini | |||
| Evaluation is one of the most important aspects of application system design. This is especially so for hypertext systems and documents since they are user centered at a fundamental level. This is apparent in the basic hypertext model of user-controlled navigation. These perspectives will focus on different aspects of evaluating hypertexts, with a focus on the integration of multimedia components into a hypertext system. | |||
| Future (Hyper)Spaces | | BIBA | PDF | 261 | |
| Kathryn Cramer; Sam Epstein; Cathy Marshall; Tom Meyer; Mark Pesce | |||
| As the Internet has emerged into common consciousness, the notion of hypertext, especially as illustrated by the World Wide Web, has prospered. However, with the creation of other Internet-based media, such as MUDs and VRML, we are encountering new types of textual/narrative/hyper paradigms. These are close enough to hypertext that they can be discussed in similar terms, but they nevertheless represent something new, and are perhaps as far removed from traditional hypertext as hypertext is from flat text. The key aspects of these new forms that we will discuss include: reactivity, feeling of presence, shared spaces, wide range of interaction. | |||
| World-Wide Web Authoring and Collaboration | | BIBA | PDF | 262 | |
| Norbert Streitz; Steven J. DeRose | |||
| Despite its limitations, the WWW is the largest global hypertext laboratory that has ever existed. Hypertext researchers were previously limited to creating their own hypertext docu-islands. Links to other hypertexts were not easy to make, nor was it easy to disseminate individual hypertexts. Unlike the earlier generation of research systems, the WWW is a real world publishing medium on a large scale, and this is mostly due to its simple model. The presenters of this set of perspectives will discuss experiences using the WWW for hypertext research and publication. They also propose extensions to the WWW, based on their experiences creating WWW information and in the context of previous hypertext research. | |||